Understanding the World Wide Web

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Understanding the World Wide Web It
Implications on Education
presenter John F. Hilliard
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Types of Software

• Applications Utilities
• Instructional
• Reference-Database
• HyperMedia/MultiMedia

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Agenda
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Application Examples

• Word Processors
• WordPerfect
• Microsoft Word
• Spread Sheets/Data Bases
• Excell
• Lotus 123
• Communications Software Utilities
• ProCom Plus
• Cross Talk
• Presentation Software Multimedia
• PowerPoint
• Harvard Graphics

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Instructional Examples

• Reading/Language Arts
• Grandma and Me, The Tortoise the Hare (Living
  Books- Broderbund)
• Science
• Birds And How They Grow (Discis - National
  Geographic)
• Social Studies
• American Vista (Applied Optical Media Corp.)
• Math
• Math Trek (Iconix)
• ESL/Foreign Language
• Rosetta Stone (Fairfield Language Technologies)

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Reference/Textual Graphic Database Examples

• Encyclopedias
• Encarta (Microsoft)
• Groliers
• Mapping Software
• Map n Go (DeLorme Mapping)
• Streets On A Disk (Klynas Engineering)
• Cross-Referenced Text
• Bible Works (Microsoft)
• Complete Works of Shakespeare

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HyperMedia/MultiMedia Examples

• HyperStudio (Roger Wagner Publishing)
• Digital Chisel (?)
• Linkway (IBM)
• MultiMedia Scrapbook (Washington Computer
  Services)
• Graphic, Sound Moving Picture Libraries on
  CD-ROM Laser Disk
• Paint, Draw, Photo Editing Software

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Peripherals
Any piece of equipment that may be connected to a
computer to import information (sonic, graphic,
textual, ect.).
CD-ROM Drive
External Modem
Flat Bed Scanner
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LAN (Local Area Network)
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The InterNet WAN-Wide Area Network
.edu Educational Site .com Commercial
Site .gov Government Site
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HYPERMEDIA

• Hypermedia is an information management tool
  that links text, graphics, sounds and other types
  of media in an associative way. In so doing, it
  allows users of a system to navigate through
  information in a nonlinear fashion.
• (Bielawski Lewand, 1991)

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The Human Mind
The mind does not work like an index system. It
operates by association. With one item in its
grasp, it snaps instantly to the next association
of thoughts, in accordance to some intricate web
of trails carried by the cells of the brain. It
has other characteristics, of course trails that
are not frequently followed are prone to fade,
items are not permanent, memory is transitory.
Yet, the speed of action, the intricacy of
trails, the detail of mental pictures, is
awe-inspiring beyond all else in nature. (Bush,
1945)
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Linear Topology
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A common topology which is associated with the
standard fiction book. It is applied if you have
a content that proceeds through a series of steps
or that flows through a sequence.
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Bidirectional Topology
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Similar to the Indexed Linear Topology with the
added advantage of being able to go backwards
through a stack. It is useful for stacks that
allow the user to review previously presented
information.
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Indexed Linear Topology
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This topology can be traversed in the same way as
a strictly linear topology but it gives you the
chance to organize the information more
effectively with a table of contents.
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Branching Tree (Binary Tree)
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The simplest non-linear topology. There is no
single way to go through this stack. Stacks on
biological classification have been developed
this way.
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Matrix Topology
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This topology is associated with stacks that have
a navigational slant traversing maps and
physical locations where you can go north, south,
east west, up, down etc..
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Hub Topology
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This topology has a center card that acts as a
menu to other cards from which they must return
to a the original menu.
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Web (Data Soup)
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This is the most powerful and sophisticated of
the topologies. It can also be the most
confusing. The links must be intuitively logical
for the user to be able to navigate this stack.
It most closely resembles the way the brain
stores and retrieves information.
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Combining Topologies
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Binary Tree
Hub
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Hypermedia Card
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HyperMedia Stack