Synthesis%20of%20Calcium%20Silicate%20Hydrate/Polymer%20Nanocomposites

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Synthesis of Calcium Silicate Hydrate/Polymer
Nanocomposites

• S. C. Mojumdar L. Raki
• Institute for Research in Construction
• National Research Council Canada
• 2nd International Symposium on Nanotechnology in
  Construction
• Bilbao, Spain, 13-16 November 2005

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Outline

• Introduction
• Research approach
• Discussion of results
• Future prospects
• Summary

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IRC Canada's Construction Technology Centre

• Mission
• Develops core competencies, knowledge base
  critical to construction needs
• Supports development, commercialization,
  implementation of leading technologies
• Fosters safe, sustainable built environment
  through development of codes and standards

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IRC Services to Construction Industry

• Contract Research
• Strategic Research
• Development of Model Building Codes
• Evaluation of Innovative Construction Products
• Dissemination of Technical Information

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Diversified Research Services

• Laboratory research (unique national
  facilities)
• Computer Modelling
• Field Work
• Many national and international consortia

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IRC Program Areas

• Indoor Environment
• Fire Research
• Urban Infrastructure
• Canadian Codes Centre
• Canadian Construction Materials Centre
• Building Envelope and Structure

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Building Envelope Structure

• Objective
• Develop technologies for the design, construction
  and operation of durable, energy-efficient and
  cost-effective building envelope systems and
  structures.

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Building Envelope Structure

• Heat Moisture Performance of Envelopes
• Performance of Roof Systems Insulation
• Concrete Materials Structural Technologies

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CMST Sub-ProgramStaff

• Researchers
• Dr. L. Raki
• Mr. M. Arnott
• Dr. J. Makar
• Dr. L. Mitchell
• Dr. G. Pernica
• Dr. H. Rahman
• Technical Officers
• Mr.G. Chan
• Mr. R. Glazer
• Mr. G. Pye
• Mr. K. Trishuk

• Guests
• Dr. J. Beaudoin
• Dr. R. Ramachandran
• Mr. N. Mailvaganam
• Students/visitors
• Mr. T. Sato (PhD)
• Dr. S. Mojumdar (PDF)
• Dr. P. Mercier (PDF)
• Ms. K. Essagheier (WES)

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CMSTs Vision

• To be considered the leading research group in
  the development of innovative, durable,
  eco-efficient construction materials and repair
  technologies in partnership with industry and
  universities through market driven strategic and
  client supported investigations.

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CMST Sub-Program Projects

• Sustainable Concrete
• Technologies
• Safety Security
• of Buildings
• Innovative Materials
• Systems

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Corrosion
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Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR)
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Repair
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Nanotechnology for Construction at IRC
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Research Approach

• Materials (nm mm)

Microstructure
Properties
Design
Mechanics (mm-m)
Structures (m)
Materials-Mechanics-Structures Interaction
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Research Approach
Need to interface different disciplines
Physics
Chemistry

• Materials
• Science

Engineering
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Research Facility (contd)

• Scintag XDS2000 XRD
• Rigaku Geigerflex XRD
• TA Instrument Q600
• Jeol JSPM5200 AFM
• Hitachi S4800 SEM
• Bomem MB 100 FTIR

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Research Facility (contd)

• Bruker S4 Pioneer XRF
• Varian SpectrAA 250 Plus AA
• Metrohn 808 Titrando
• Mercury porosimeter
• Particle analyzer
• 2 TAM air calorimeters

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Projects

• Synthesis Characterization of Nanoparticles
• CNT/Cement Composites
• Cement-based Nanocomposites
• Organic-inorganic hybrids
• C-S-H
• Volume stability
• Organic intercalates

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• Synthesis Characterization of Nanoparticles

• Highlights
• Synthesis of nano-sized cement phases (e.g.. low
  energy C2S)
• Production of nanoscale particle for use as
  rheology modifiers, accelerators, and shrinkage
  compensating agents

Cementitious nanoparticles syntesized by Chimie
douce techniques
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Calorimetry Nano-CaCO3 C3S Pastes
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Calorimetry Nano-CaCO3 OPC Pastes
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Carbon Nanotubes/Cement Composites

• Highlights
• Unique physical properties
• very high strength, thermal conductivity
• Cement-carbon nanotube composites
• toughening through control of microcracking

Carbon nanotubes bridging cracks in a cement
composite
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Controlled Release of Chemical Admixtures

• Highlights
• Chimie douce technique
• New routes for delivering and controlling
  admixtures
• Provisional patent

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C-S-H-Based Nanocomposites

• Man-made Nanomaterials Nanostructure of C-S-H

Schematic of the nanostructure of the binding
phase within concrete,
Feldman Model, Concrete Science 1981
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Cement at the Nanoscale

• The hydrated cement binder in concrete has a
  complex, nanoscale structure that is still not
  fully understood
• Hydrated cement is porous, with a pore size
  distribution that ranges from the nanometers to
  millimeters
• Cement and its hydrates can be manipulated and
  controlled through nanotechnology

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Analogy with Clays

• Clay layers separated by an interlayer or
  gallery.
• Layers are 1 nm thick, 300 nm to microns
  laterally.
• Organics and inorganics as interlayers.
• Tailor structural, physical properties.

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Clay Nanocomposites
Phase separated
Intercalated

Layered Silicate
Polymer
Exfoliated
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XRD Analysis
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FTIR
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TGA
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Thermal Conductivity
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29Si MAS-NMR
Q2
C-S-H (0.7)
Q1
ppm
Q2
Q2
CSH-PVA (0.7-0.50)
CSH-PVA (0.7-0.75)
Q2
Q1
Q1
Q1
ppm
ppm
ppm
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13C CP MAS-NMR
CHinter
CH2
CHinter
CHintra
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13C DD MAS-NMR
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Synthetic C-S-H
Synthetic C-S-H
C-S-H-PVA
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C-S-H
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C-S-H PVA
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Recent and Future Developments

• Development of sustainable products through
  knowledge-based activities
• Engineering the formation of selected C/S ratio
  C-S-H
• Elucidate the interaction of superplasticizers
  and other types of chemical admixtures with C-S-H
  and other nanoadditives
• Optimizing volume stability by controlling the
  interaction of alkali ions and C-S-H
• Immobilizing environmentally unfriendly species
  in C-S-H binding materials
• Superior extrudable cement boards/tiles
• Optimizing the use of MDM for maximizing the
  performance of nano cement-based materials1

1 R.J. Kirkpatrick et al. Workshop on
Nanotechnology in Constryction, Ottawa, 2004
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Other possible areas of research in construction

• Rheology
• Fire
• FRP
• Paint
• Sensors
• Insulation
• Shrinkage
• Coatings
• Corrosion
• Roads

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Summary

• C-S-H/polymer complexes formation opens up
  potentially new routes to cement-based
  nanocomposites
• Nanotechnology has the potential to produce a
  significant impact on the construction industry
• Improved performance and service life
• Stronger, tougher, lightweight materials

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Acknowledgments

• Dr. J. J. Beaudoin
• Mr. G. Chan (XRD)
• Mr. P. Collins (FTIR)
• Mrs. A. Delgado (TGA)
• Mr. S. Lang (NRC/SIMS, NMR)
• Mr. J. Margeson (SEM, AFM)
• Mr. D. Wang (NRC/ICPET, TEM)
• NRC-Major Initiative Committee
• NSERC for PDF grant

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