Manuel Barange

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Manuel Barange Director GLOBEC IPO Plymouth, UK
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1986 - ICSU forms IGBP to describe and
understand the processes that regulate the
total earth system
1986 - 1st pre-GLOBEC meeting in USA to
understand the biodynamics of the sea...
1987 - IGBP Office opens in Sweden
1990 - IGBP publishes its Science Plan
1991 - SCOR adopts GLOBEC
1995 - IGBP accepts GLOBEC as one of its 8 Core
Projects
1997 - GLOBEC Science Plan
1998 - GLOBEC International Project Office
1999 - GLOBEC Implementation Plan
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International Geophere-Biosphere Programme
Global Analysis, Interpretation and Modelling GAIM
International Global Atmospheric Chemistry IGAC
Biospheric Aspects of the Hydrological Cycle BAHC
Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems GCTE
Land-Use and Land-Cover Change LUCC
Land-Ocean Interaction in the Coastal Zone LOICZ
Joint Global Ocean Flux Study JGOFS
Past Global Changes PAGES
Present day
Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics GLOBEC
2000 years ago
200 000 years ago
System for Analysis, Research and Training START
Data and Information System IGBP-DIS
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(No Transcript)
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Catch vs. Tree Growth
2.0
1000
Total Catch
Fir Growth Index
800
1.5
600
1.0
Growth index
400
Catch (thousand tonnes)
200
0.5
0
0.0
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
Years
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Total Copepods Central North Sea
1.1
r 0.74
2
1.0
1
0.9
Gulf Stream
0.8
arbitrary units
0
0.7
-1
0.6
Copepods
-2
0.5
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
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Summer Zooplankton Lake Windermere (inverted)
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(No Transcript)
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- White and Peterson, 1996 Nature, 380, 699 -
Murphy et al., 1995 Deep-Sea Research 42, 1045
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VOSTOK ICE CORE CLIMATE AND GREENHOUSE GASES
Raynaud, D., et al. (2000). The ice record of
greenhouse gases a view in the context of future
changes. Past Global Change and their
Significance for the Future. K. Alverson, F.
Oldfield and R. S. Bradley, Elsevier Science Ltd.
19 9-18.
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OBJECTIVE Ensure multidisciplinary and
international research, by bringing projects
together with value-adding activities and not
just as umbrellas under which national projects
are listed.
FRAMEWORK Countries can participate in global
change science without recourse to complex
bilateral or regional programmes.
MECHANISM A flexible body, light in
infrastructure, scientifically effective and
resource efficient (Full cost of the 3 major
international Global Change programmes equates to
1 of Global Change Research cf. IGFA). IGBP now
well tested.
APPROACH Complement national and regional
research through integration activities that mesh
research in a coherent way. Emphasis on
value-adding.
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THE GLOBEC GOALTo advance our understanding of
the structure and functioning of the global ocean
ecosystem, its major subsystems, and its response
to physical forcing so that a capability can be
developed to forecast the responses of the marine
ecosystem to global change.
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GLOBEC S.S.C. R.Harris
PICES- Climate Change and Carrying Capacity S.
Kim/ D. Welsch
FOCUS 1 WG Retrospective Analysis I. Perry
Data Management
Capacity Building
FOCUS 2 WG Process Studies S. Poulet
ICES- Cod and Climate Change K. Drinkwater
FOCUS 3 WG Prediction and Modelling C. Werner
Regional Programmes
Research Foci
Southern Ocean E. Hoffmann
Sponsor and International liaison
Scientific Networking
FOCUS 4 WG Feedback from Ecosystem Changes TBA
S.P.A.C.C. J.Hunter/ J.Alheit
National Programmes
Benefit, Black Sea, Brasil, Canada, Chile, China,
France, Germany, Japan, Netherlands, Portugal,
United States, United Kingdom
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REGIONAL PROGRAMMES
Cod and Climate Change Programme (ICES-CCC)
This programme investigates the effect of climate
variability on cod stock fluctuations, ranging
from the effects of small-scale turbulence on
encounter rates between fish larvae and their
prey, to large-scale effects of inter-decadal
changes in wind fields on circulation and
transport of heat and young fish.
Chairperson Ken Drinkwater Coordinator Keith
Brander (ICES)
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REGIONAL PROGRAMMES
Climate Change and Carrying Capacity (PICES-CCCC)
This activity will develop a theoretical and
mathematical framework which extends the concept
of carrying capacity into the multi-species
ecosystem domain. It addresses how climate change
affects ecosystem structure and the productivity
of key biological species at all trophic levels
in the North Pacific.
Chairperson Suam Kim / David Welsh Coordination
PICES Secretariat
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REGIONAL PROGRAMMES
Southern Ocean Programme (SO-GLOBEC)
This programme is focused on understanding how
physical forces influence population dynamics and
predator/ prey interactions between key species.
Chairperson Eileen Hoffman SO Modelling WG
Chairperson Eugene Murphy SO Data Management WG
Chairperson Manfred Reinke
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REGIONAL PROGRAMMES
Small Pelagic Fishes and Climate Change (SPACC)
The long-range goal is to forecast how the
productivity of small pelagic fish populations
will be altered by climate variability and
change. SPACC will involve process studies, based
on comparisons of standard measurements from
different ecosystems, and retrospective studies
built around palaeoecological and genetic data.
Chairpersons Jürgen Alheit / John Hunter
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• NATIONAL PROGRAMMES
• BRAZIL Dr Yasunobu Matsura
• CANADA Dr Brad S. de Young
• CHILE Dr Ruben Escribano
• CHINA Dr Quisheng Tang
• FRANCE Guy Bachelet
• GERMANY Dr Jürgen Alheit
• JAPAN Dr Takashige Sugimoto
• KOREA Dr Suam Kim
• NETHERLANDS Dr George Fransz
• PORTUGAL Prof. Armando F. G. Fiúza
• SOUTHERN AFRICA Dr Charles Hoccutt
• US GLOBEC Dr Michael Fogarty
• UKRAINE Prof. V. Zaika
• UNITED KINGDOM Dr P. Williamson

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FOCUS 1 Retrospective Analyses and Time Series
Studies Activity 1 - Preservation of Existing
Long Time Series Studies and Data ...to evaluate
and support existing long time series sampling
activities, and to analyse and preserve existing
unanalysed samples and data in danger of being
lost or destroyed. Activity 2 - Analyses of
Existing Retrospective Data ...to identify the
dominant modes of physical forcing and
marine ecosystem variability over long temporal
periods and large spatial scales. Activity 3 -
Creation of New, Retrospective, Data Sets ...to
produce new indices of marine ecosystem responses
to climate variability and global change, and to
expand the spatial distribution of new and
existing indices. Activity 4 - Development of
New Data Sets for Future Comparisons ...to
develop new, long time series data collection
activities where appropriate.
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FOCUS 3 Predictive and Modelling
Capabilities Activity 1 - Design and Testing of
Relevant Sampling and Observational Systems
To utilize new sampling and in situ optical,
video, and acoustical methods and systems, and
satellite remote sensing, to provide comprehensiv
e measurements of ecosystem properties on time
scales from minutes to years and on space scales
from less than millimetres to the global
scale. Activity 2 - Develop Relevant Modelling
Capabilities To model the response of marine
ecosystems to various types of physical forcing
and biological interactions, to predict
marine ecosystem response to climate
fluctuations, and to develop biological models
for describing marine ecosystems, among
others. Activity 3 - Development of Coupled
Modelling-Observational Capabilities and
Applications ... Develop modelling capabilities
with interdisciplinary, coupled modelling-observa
tional systems.
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FOCUS 2 Process Studies Activity 1 - Research on
Life Histories and Trophodynamics and Their
Modelling in Ecosystems ... is to assess, at
regional and global scales, the processes
of population dynamics of dominant zooplankton
species. Activity 2 - Identification and
Understanding of Multiscale Physical - Biological
Interactions to determine the role of
multiscale physical-biological interactions in
structuring and fuelling the production of
marine ecosystems, and in affecting their
response to global change. Activity 3 -
Responses of Marine Ecosystems to Fishing
and Species Introductions ... To contribute to
understanding the direct and indirect impacts of
human activities on the marine ecosystem in
the context of global change.
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FOCUS 4 Feedback from Changes in Marine Ecosystem
Structure Activity 1 - Ecosystem-Climate
Interactions on Multiple Scales and
their Influences on Basic Biological Processes
throughout the Food Web to develop a framework
for the application of climate indices, meteorolo
gical data, and climate model results in the
study of basic biological processes and
trophodynamic modelling. This requires that
functional relations between climate and
trophodynamic processes be identified at all
temporal and spatial scales Activity 2 - Earth
System Impacts from Changes in Marine
Ecosystems to identify the potential impacts to
the broad natural Earth system resulting from
changes in marine ecosystems. Activity 3 -
Social Impacts of Changes in Marine
Ecosystems ... To develop methods to incorporate
formal consideration of marine ecosystem status
and functioning into marine ecosystem (and
fisheries) management activities.
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INTERNATIONAL PROJECT OFFICE
STEERING COMMITTEE Jurgen Alheit (Germany) Tim
Baumgartner (Mexico) Francois Carlotti
(France) Tommy Dickey (USA) Roger Harris (UK,
Chairman) Eileen Hofmann (USA) Tsutomu Ikeda
(Japan) Suam Kim (Korea) Celia Marrase
(Spain) Ian Perry (Canada) Nadia Pinardi
(Italy) Sergey Piontkovski (USA) Serge Poulet
(France) Ramiro Sanchez (Argentina) Frank
Shillington (S.Africa)
Director Manuel Barange Data Manager Hester
Willson Media co-ordinator Andrea
Watson Plymouth Marine Laboratory Prospect Place,
Plymouth PL1 3DH United Kingdom e-mail
globec_at_pml.ac.uk http//www1.npm.ac.uk/globec/