Earth Observation Update

1
Earth Observation Update

• Vice Admiral Conrad C. Lautenbacher, Jr., U.S.
  Navy (Ret.)
• Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans
  Atmosphere/NOAA
• National Space Club Luncheon
• October 7, 2004

2
Presentation Outline

• Developing an Integrated Earth Observation System
• Group on Earth Observations (GEO) Governance
  Meeting
• U.S. Draft Strategic Plan
• Next Steps
• Research to Operations
• NOAAs Satellite Issues
• GOES-R
• NPOESS
• N-Prime

3
Earth Observation Initiatives
4
The Global Framework

• A distributed system of systems
• Improves coordination of strategies and
  observation systems
• Links all platforms in situ, aircraft, and
  satellite networks
• Identifies gaps in our global capacity
• Facilitates exchange of data and information
• Improves decision-makers abilities to address
  pressing policy issues

5
GEOSS Update

• GEO Governance Meeting, September 2004
• Discussion Focused on Key Issues
• Membership
• Political Level
• Frequency of Meetings
• Coordination with Existing Mechanisms
• Good Basis for Resolution at GEO-5

6
Next Steps International Plan

• GEO 5, November 04, Ottawa, Canada
• 10 Year Implementation Plan (negotiated)
• Technical Blueprint (not negotiated)
• Communiqué of EOS-III (negotiated)
• Earth Observation Summit III
• GEO 6
• Agreement on 3 documents

7
U.S. Contribution to GEOSS

• VISION
• Enable a healthy public, economy, and planet
  through an integrated, comprehensive, and
  sustained Earth observation system.
• National Plan
• Public comment period until November 8, 2004
• Electronic comments only
• Available at http//iwgeo.ssc.nasa.gov/
• Send to iwgeo.comments_at_noaa.gov
• Early 2005 Workshop
• Establish Formal USG Mechanism
• Capable of committing necessary resources and
  implementing functions

8
U.S. Plan Benefits Focus
9
Near-Term Opportunities

• Data Management System for Earth Observations
• Improved Observations for Disaster Warnings
• Global Land Observing System
• Sea Level Observing System
• National Integrated Drought Information System
• Air Quality Assessment and Forecast System

10
Research to Operations
11
Research to Operations

• International Level
• Critical to success and longevity of GEOSS
• National Level
• Focus of National Academy of Sciences study NASA
  NOAA Transition from Research to Operations
• NOAA External Research Review Team
  Recommendations Report - August 6, 2004
• Develop a Vision for Research in support of
  Strategic Plan, extending 20 years
• Develop a NOAA wide Research Plan, and address
  transition of research to operations
• Establish position of Associate Administrator for
  Research
• Ongoing Focus of NASA NOAA
• More formal mechanism needed
• NOAA Uses MODIS on Terra and Aqua TRMM
  LANDSAT SeaWinds on QuikSCAT

12
Research to OperationsRecent Successes

• NOAA/NASA MOU with Canadian Space Agency for
  access to RADARSAT-1 data
• NOAA operates EOS data/product server at NASAs
  GSFC for Terra, Aqua, QuikSCAT
• NOAA using NASA algorithms for processing MODIS,
  AIRS/AMSU, SeaWiFS, SeaWinds
• NOAA provides real-time data ingest for ACE solar
  wind through Wallops CDA
• NOAA provides backup support for NASAs Aqua and
  Aura satellite-to-ground data segment through
  Fairbanks CDA

13
NASA Missions Transitioning to NOAA Missions
Examples
Instrument Mission Parameters of Interest First Flight Targeted for Transition with resources First Flight
MODIS Terra/Aqua Earth imagery, SST, ocean color, vegie, ice, fires. 1999 VIIRS 2006 (NPP)
AIRS Aqua IR atmos temp and humidity 2002 CrIS 2006 (NPP)
HSB, AMSU, MHS Aqua/POES/ METOP Microwave humidity soundings 2002, 1998, 2005 ATMS 2006 (NPP)
WindSATnon-NASA mission Coriolis Ocean sfc winds (passive) 2002 CMIS 2010 (NPOESS)
SOLSE/LORE STS-87,107 Ozone profiles using limb-scanning UV 1997, 2002 OMPS 2006 NPP 2010 (NPOESS)
Lightning Imaging Sensor TRMM Lightning location over Tropics 1997 GLM 2012 (GOES-R)
14
Research to OperationsOngoing Work

• Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation
• To reduce time for implementation of satellite
  technology into operations
• To increase use of satellite data into numerical
  weather prediction models
• Cooperative Institute for Meteorological
  Satellite Studies (CIMSS) at University of
  Wisconsin
• To develop and implement techniques and products
  using GOES.
• To transfer new technology into operational
  practice.
• Cooperative Institute for Research in the
  Atmosphere (CIRA) at Colorado State University
• To transition research results into practical
  applications in the weather and climate areas

15
NOAAs Future Satellite Systems
16
GOES-R Program Status

• GOES-R System Architecture Studies
• Twelve contracts awarded in First Quarter FY 04
• Contactors presented draft results in Aug/Sep 04
  (Final reports due in November 04)
• Expect to announce plans to industry in November
• Draft Request for Proposal(s) in Jan 05.  Types
  and number of contracts has yet to be determined.
  
• Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI)
• Development/Production Phase contract awarded in
  September 04 to ITT
• Hyperspectral Environmental Suite (HES)
• Award Of Three Design/Risk Reduction Phase
  Contracts in June 04

17
GOES-R Program Status(contd.)

• Solar Imaging Suite (SIS)
• Design/Risk Reduction Phase contract awarded
  September 04 Lockheed/Martin ATC
• Space Environmental In-Situ Suite (SEISS)
• Final RFP Released For Design/Risk Reduction
  Phase in July 04 (award scheduled for November
  04)
• Space Segment, Ground Segment and Lightning
  Mapper
• Design/Risk Reduction Contract Awards scheduled
  for FY05

18
GOES-R System Improvements
GOES-I/P Instruments GOES-R Notional Baseline
Imager 5 Channels Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) 16 Channels At Higher Spatial And Temporal Resolution
Multispectral Sounder 19 Sounding Bands Hyperspectral Environmental Suite (HES) 1500 Sounding Bands Hi-Resolution Imaging Bands
Solar X-Ray Imager Space Environmental Monitor Solar Imaging Suite (SIS) Space Environmental In Situ Suite (SEISS)
Not Available GOES Lightning Mapper (GLM)
19
GOES-R Improvements
Observe Phenomena With Greater Frequency and
Spatial Resolution
GOES-R Rapid Scan Is 1 Minute Or Less! GOES-I/P
Rapid Scan Is 5 Minutes (at severe loss to
southern hemisphere)
GOES-R (Simulated from MODIS)
20
GOES-R Product Examples
Satellite Derived Wind Vectors
Dust Storm (Multi-Channel)
21
NPOESS Program Status

• Program is within cost, schedule, and performance
  specifications
• Have a number of technical problems, but are
  overcoming them
• CrIS Crosstrack Infrared Sounder
• Successfully completed first phase of
  environmental qualification
• Sensor meets or exceeds every specification
• VIIRS Visible/Infrared Imagery Radiometer Suite
• Technical problems with optical module resolved
• VIIRS is the critical path for NPP schedule
• OMPS Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite
• Some detector problems fixed and on schedule
• Data processing system (IDPS) about 6 weeks
  behind schedule
• Will meet delivery date for NPP
• C3 on schedule
• Closing FY04 within budget!

22
NPOESS AverageData Latency
Latency (minutes)
23
Example of NPOESS Use
NPOESS
Multispectral Imagery From VIRRS
combined with ATMS/CMIS Microwave EDRs
and Altimeter-Derived Ocean Heat Content
Supports Improved Tropical Cyclone
Forecast Accuracy Reduced Impact on Maritime
Forces
24
N-Prime Update

• Contract modification formalized September 29,
  2004
• Rebuild of NOAA N-Prime satellite
• Preserves December 2007 launch date
• Ensures continued access to NOAA satellite data
  that feeds our prediction and warning capability
  for weather, oceans, and climate.
• Partnership with NOAA, NASA, DOD remains strong

25
Continuity of Operational Satellite ProgramsNOAA
Satellite Launches Scheduled to Maintain
Continuity
2001
2002
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
GOES 8 nine years of service!
GOES 9 operated by FCDAS
GOES 10 (West)
GOES 11 (stored in orbit)
GOES 12 (East)
GOES N Series
GOES R-Series
NOAA 12 (am)
NOAA 14 (pm)

NOAA 15 (am)
NOAA 16 (pm)
NOAA 17 (mid am)
NOAA N (pm)
NOAA N (pm)
METOP-1, 2, 3 (mid am) European Coordination
NPP
NPOESS
Satellite is operational beyond design life
Actual launch dates are determined by the
failure of on-orbit assets
Satellite is pre-operational (stored in orbit)
Assumes METOP will provide the morning orbit
and NOAA-N will provide afternoon orbit
instruments
Satellite is providing backup support to GMS-5