Fabio Bigi

1
International Telecommunication Union
The Telecommunication Standardization Sector
Fabio Bigi ITU/TSB E-mail fabio.bigi_at_itu.int
2
Seminar on future network evolution(Caracas, 14
May 2001)
ITU-T studies and products F. Bigi, Deputy
Director, TSB

1. Introduction
2. ITU-T studies
3. ITU-T products
4. ITU-T strategy and priorities
5. Conclusion

3
International Telecommunication Union

• A UN Specialized Agency
• Intergovernmental organization, governments
  represented through their telecommunication
  Administrations (constitutional Members)
• Other entities (Recognized Operating Agencies,
  Scientific Industrial Organizations, regional and
  international organizations) admitted as Sector
  members
• Basic Law Convention and Constitution, to be
  modified by Plenipotentiary Conferences

4
How to join ITU-T

• ITU-T Sector Members
• Contribution (min half unit 31500 CHF)
• Participation (all Study Groups)
• Role (up to Chairman)
• ITU-T Associates
• Contribution (10500 CHF)
• Participation (one Study Group)
• Role (up to Rapporteur)

5
Delegates guidelines

• Information paper for Participants, Rapporteurs
  and Chairmen (January 2001)
• Author's Guide for drafting ITU-T Recommendations
• see also http//www.itu.int/ITU-T

6
The current structure of ITU-T Study Groups

• SG 2 - Operational aspects of service provision,
  networks and performance
• SG 3 - Tariff and accounting principles including
  related telecommunications economic and
  policy issues
• SG 4 - Telecommunication management, including
  TMN
• SG 5 - Protection against electromagnetic
  environment effects
• SG 6 - Outside plant
• SG 9 - Integrated broadband cable networks and
  television and sound transmission  
• SG 11 - Signalling requirements and protocols
• SG 12 - End-to-end transmission performance of
  networks and terminals
• SG 13 - Multi-protocol and IP-based networks and
  their internetworking
• SG 15 - Optical and other transport networks
• SG 16 - Multimedia services, systems and
  terminals
• SG17 - Data networks and software for
  Telecommunication
• SSG - Special Study Group "IMT-2000 and
  beyond"
• TSAG - Telecommunication Standardization Advisory
  Group

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Lead Study Groups in specific areas of
study

• SG 2 - Lead Study Group for service definition,
  numbering and routing
• SG 4 - Lead Study Group on TMN
• SG 9 - Lead Study Group on frame relay and for
  communication system security
• SG 11 - Lead Study Group on intelligent networks
• SG 12 - Lead Study Group on Quality of Service
  and performance
• SG 13 - Lead Study Group on IP related matters,
  B-ISDN, Global Information
  Infrastructure and satellite matters
• SG 15 - Lead Study Group on access network
  transport Lead Study Group on
  optical technology
• SG 16 - Lead Study Group on multimedia services,
  systems and terminals Lead Study
  Group on e-business and e-commerce
• SG17 - Lead Study Group on frame relay and for
  communication system security Lead
  Study Group on languages and description
  techniques
• SSG - Lead Study Group on IMT 2000 and beyond
  and for mobility

8
Special Projects

• IMT-2000 Network Aspects (SSG)
• Call Back (SG 3)
• Accounting Rate Reform (SG 3)
• TMN (SG 4)
• IP Cablecom (SG 9)
• Quality of service and performance (SG 12)
• IP (SG 13)
• GII (SG 13)
• Access Networks (SG 15)
• Optical Networks (SG 15)
• Mediacom 2004 (SG 16)
• E-commerce and E-business (SG 16)

9
ITU-T structure
10
Standardization Requirements

• Architecture
• Access Networks
• Transport Networks
• Terminals
• Services
• Coding
• Numbering
• Mobility
• QoS and Network Performance
• Interworking and Interoperability
• Market Oriented

11
Approval time for ITU-T Recommendations

• -1988 4 years
• 1989-1993 2 years
• 1993-1996 18 months
• 1997-2000 9 months (5 months in exceptional
  circumstances)
• 2000 - Minimum 4 weeks (AAP) 9 months (TAP)
• AAP Alternative Approval Procedure
• TAP Traditional Approval Procedure

12
Technological trends in the Information Society

• digitisation in the storage, processing and
  transmission of information
• increasing computer and signal processing power
• convergence between technologies, e.g. between
  information technology and telecommunications
  and between interactive applications and
  broadcasting
• increasing overlap of home and business markets,
  with consequent increase in functionality and
  decline in hardware prices
• more rapid product launch times and reducing
  product lifecycles.

13
Series of ITU-T Recommendations (A-L)

• Organization of the work of ITU-T
• Means of expression definitions, symbols,
  classification
• General telecommunication statistics
• General tariff principles
• Overall network operation, telephone service,
  service operation and human factors
• Non-telephone telecommunication services
• Transmission systems and media, digital systems
  and networks
• Audiovisual and multimedia systems
• Integrated services digital network
• Transmission of television, sound programme and
  other multimedia signals
• Protection against interference
• Construction, installation and protection of
  cables and other elements of outside plant 

14
Series of ITU-T Recommendations (M-Z)

• TMN and network maintenance international
  transmission systems, telephone circuits,
  telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits
• Maintenance international sound programme and
  television transmission circuits
• Specifications of measuring equipment
• Telephone transmission quality, telephone
  installations, local line networks
• Switching and signalling
• Telegraph transmission
• Telegraph services terminal equipment
• Terminals for telematic services
• Telegraph switching
• Data communication over the telephone network
• Data networks and open system communications
• Global information infrastructure and Internet
  protocol aspects
• Languages and general software aspects for
  telecommunication systems

15
Other ITU-T publications

• WTSA Resolutions
• Appendixes
• Supplements
• Handbooks
• Directives
• ITU Operational Bulletin

16
TSB databases

• ITU-T patent database
• International numbering resources
• A.4, A.5 and A.6 recognized organizations
• Terms and definitions
• List of ITU-T Recommendations
• ITU-T Work programme
• ASN.1 module database in progress

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Technology Landmarks

• Telegraph
• Telephone
• Radio
• TV
• PCM
• Satellites
• Optical
• IP-based networks
• Mobility
• Convergence
• GII

18
Evolution of voice coding

• 4 kHz band - analogue
• 64 kbit/s - PCM, G.711, 1972
• 32 kbit/s - ADPCM,G.721,1984
• 16 kbit/s - G.728, 1992
• 8 kbit/s - G.729, 1996
• 4 kbit/s - (G.4kbps), 2001?

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Evolution of still picture coding

• Classic facsimile (G3, G4) T.4, T.6
• B/W still pictures (JBIG) T.82,T.83
• Cont. tone colour (JPEG) T.81
• (JPEG-LS) T.86
• In progress (JPEG-2000) T.800
• In progress (Motion JPEG 2000)T.802

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Evolution of moving picture coding

• H.261 - video coding at n x 64kbit/s
• H.262 - generic video and audio coding
• H.263 - video coding for low bit rates
• H.26L - in progress
• - improved multimedia video coding

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Evolution of transmission systems

• Analogue
• Digital
• SDH
• ATM
• Optical

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Access network
OPTICAL ACCESS
622 Mbit/s
50 Mbit/s
VDSL
25 Mbit/s
8 Mbit/s
HDSL/ ADSL
2 Mbit/s
640 kbit/s
ISDN
128 kbit/s
56.6 kbit/s
Analog modems
28.8 kbit/s
Year
9.6 kbit/s
1989
1997
2000
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Optical networking - now

• Fully optical networks
• Increased bit rates (up to 40 Gbit/s)
• Use of multi-wavelength techniques DWDM
• Use of optical amplifiers
• Interoperability and interconnection
• Submarine optically amplified DWDM
• Access networks for new high speed services

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Optical networking - future

• Soliton transmission
• Coherent transmission
• Increased repeater span

25
IP project areas of study

• Integrated architecture
• Impact to telecommunications access
  infrastructures of access to IP applications
• Interworking between IP based network and
  switched-circuit networks, including wireless
  based networks
• Multimedia applications over IP
• Numbering and addressing
• Transport for IP-structured signals
• Signalling support, IN and routing for services
  on IP-based networks
• Performance
• Integrated management of telecom and IP-based
  networks
• Security aspects
• Network capabilities including requirements for
  resource management
• Operations and Maintenance (OAM) for IP

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Ensuring global interoperability

• Quality of Service (QOS)
• Numbering and routing
• Security
• Tariffs and Accounting rates
• Interworking

27
The race for 3G IMT-2000
Video Streaming
Video Streaming
2,000
1G
2G
3G
Still
Still
Imaging
Imaging
384
Audio Streaming
Audio Streaming
144
Text Messaging
Text Messaging
Data Transmission Speed - kbit/s
128
Voice
Voice
64
JPEG
Still Photos
E-Commerce
32
9.6
0
Time
Source Adapted from Motorola.
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Summary of Mandate of ITU-T SSG (1 of 2)

• Lead SG on IMT-2000 and beyond and for mobility
• Primary responsibility within ITU-T for overall
  network aspects of IMT-2000 and beyond
• Work plan
• Migration path from existing IMT-2000 systems
  towards systems beyond IMT-2000
• Long term common IP-based architecture
• Near term IP-based internetworking
• Overview road map
• Interworking functions, if not done elsewhere

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Summary of Mandate of ITU-T SSG (2 of 2)

• In addition, will study
• Harmonization of IMT-2000 Family members as they
  evolve beyond IMT-2000
• Evolution of network aspects utilizing IMT-2000
  RTTs as FWA
• Network aspects of convergence of fixed and
  wireless networks
• Standardization of IMT-2000 interfaces where
  needed
• Work with ITU-D to assist developing countries in
  applyingIMT-2000
• Collaborate with ITU-R 8F (radio) and 8D
  (satellite)
• Strong cooperative relations and complementary
  programs with SDOs, 3GPPs
• May develop and approve Recommendations
• may investigate and make proposals to TSAG on
  alternative types of output and associated
  approval process, e.g., normative technical
  specifications or interim Recommendations
• Make use of provisional working procedures
  specific to SSG

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List of Questions (projects)

• Q.1 Service and network requirements
• Q.2 NNI mobility management protocol
• Q.3 Identification of existing and evolving
  IMT2000 systems
• Q.4 Interworking functions to be used with
  existing and evolving IMT2000 systems
• Q.5 To participate in the preparation of a
  Handbook on IMT-2000
• Q.6 Harmonisation of existing IMT-2000 systems
• Q.7 Convergence of fixed and existing IMT-2000
  Systems
• Q.8 Special study group working procedure

31
IPCablecom

• A set of interface specifications and protocols
  that have been developed by the cable television
  industry and product vendors to deliver voice and
  video services over the hybrid fiber coax (HFC)
  cable systems utilizing the J.112 data delivery
  Recommendation.
• Utilizes a network superstructure that overlays
  the two-way, data-ready broadband cable access
  network.
• While the initial IPCablecom offering is
  packet-based voice communications for existing
  and new cable subscribers, the long-term project
  vision encompasses a large suite of packet-based
  services.

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Planned Workshops

• IP/Optical (24-26 April 2002)
• MEDIACOM/IP Cablecom (9-11 October 2002)
• IP/Mobility (March 2003)
• Convergence/Future Evolution (October 2003)
• Other possible items to be considered on the
  basis of requirements

33
Meetings with Workshops in otherRegions in 2001

• Future Network Evolution (Caracas 14 May 2001,
  SG 13 Meeting)
• Multimedia in the 21st Century Systems,
  services and terminals (Puerto Seguro, 4-5 June
  2001, SG 16 Meeting)
• ITU-T and ITU-D Promotion of and Highlight on SG
  17 (SGs 7 10) (Bangalore, 30-31 August 2001,
  SG 7 Meeting)
• QoS and User-Perceived Transmission on Quality in
  Evolving Networks (Dakar, 12-19 October 2001, SG
  12 Meeting)
• SG 5 in Vietnam (date and subject to be agreed
  upon)

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Draft ITU-T Strategic Plan for 2003-2006Mission

• Facilitate the identification of areas where
  recommendations (standards) should be developed
  for the Information Society
• Efficiently develop high-quality, global,
  consensus-based recommendations (standards) in
  its core competency areas on a market-driven and
  timely basis
• Facilitate the interoperability of networks and
  services

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Draft ITU-T Strategic Plan for 2003-2006Mission
- continued

• Be able to develop recommendations that may have
  regulatory or policy implications
• Be flexible and constantly look for ways to
  improve
• Give appropriate consideration to the particular
  needs of developing countries
• Cooperate and, where appropriate, collaborate
  with others so as not to duplicate effort

36
Draft ITU-T Strategic Plan for 2003-2006Strategie
s/Processes

• bottom-up mode of operating and production of
  work (rather than top-down),
• flexibility in responding to market demands,
• ongoing review of the Strategic Plan, proposing
  adjustments as needed,
• through TSAG, monitoring the performance of the
  Sector against identified milestones,

37
Draft ITU-T Strategic Plan for 2003-2006Strategie
s/Processes - continued

• development and strengthening of the linkage
  among financial, strategic, and operational
  planning,
• clear and transparent working methods and
  processes, to encourage transparency,
  inclusiveness, and representation of a broad
  range of participants and views,
• an environment in which interested parties can
  work together in partnership effectively and
  efficiently,
• development and execution of an aggressive plan
  to communicate the value of the ITU-T, stressing
  its global recognition and credibility and the
  high quality of its Recommendations, as well as
  its willingness to change,

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Draft ITU-T Strategic Plan for 2003-2006Strategie
s/Processes - continued

• working with ITU-D with special attention to
  telecommunication development in developing
  countries, including supporting ITU-Ds efforts
  to improve access to the Information Society in
  developing countries,
• offering an organization that is attractive to
  industry entities as a place to do their
  standardization development work, and
• willingness to change.

39
Draft ITU-T Strategic Plan for 2003-2006Relations
hip with other standardization bodies

• foster awareness within ITU-T of the work done by
  other bodies (such as SDOs, forums and
  consortia),
• coordinate and cooperate with such groups in
  order to reduce duplication, avoid
  inconsistencies, and assure that ITU-T work
  provides added value,
• continue to participate in appropriate
  coordinating bodies,
• coordinate and cooperate with the
  Radiocommunication and Telecommunication
  Development Sectors, and with the General
  Secretariat and officials of the Union.

40
Possible Items for Consideration

• IP-based networks and their interconnection with
  telecommunication networks
• IP cablecom project
• establishment of GII
• IMT-2000 and mobility
• e-business and e-commerce
• reform of accounting rates and tariff studies
• MEDIACOM-2004 project and related multimedia
  activities
• security aspects of networks and services
• optical transport network
• access networks enhancements with xDSL
  techniques
• numbering and routing
• network performances and quality of services
• protocols for new services and intelligent
  networks.

41
GII Center of Technology convergence (based on
Figure 5-1/Y.110)
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Standards in the future
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Conclusion

• ITU Reform
• New Standardization Requirements
• Consensus standard (Regulators, Operators,
  Industry, Users)
• Membership requirements
• End user requirements

44
Best selling ITU-T Recommendations of 2000
H.323 (09/99) G.703 G.723.1 Q.931 G.711
X.690 G.704 G.723 Annex A V.90 E.164 X.680 H.3
23 (02/98) G.692 H.263 G.729 G.826 G.957 H.225
.0 G.729 Annex A V.34
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International Telecommunication Union
The Telecommunication Standardization Sector
Fabio Bigi ITU/TSB Place des Nations CH-1211
Geneva 20 Switzerland Tel [phone] Fax
41 22 730 5853 e-mail fabio.bigi_at_itu.int