understanding, measuring, managing Changes within the Architectural Profession

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understanding, measuring, managingChanges within
the Architectural Profession

• The Effects of ICT on Architectural Practice
• Roadmap Future Directions for Modern
  Architectural Discipline

• Hannu Penttilä
• HUT architecture

http//www.mittaviiva.fi/hannu
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understanding, measuring, managingChanges within
the Architectural Profession

• The Effects of ICT on Architectural Practice

• are the research questions relevant ?
• is the target achievable ?
• is the focus well defined ?
• are scientific methods proper ?

http//www.mittaviiva.fi/hannu
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understanding, measuring, managing Changes
within the Architectural Profession
methods theory literature
interviews case studies
framework of the changes
validation analysis conclusions
3. publish change framework
1. publish theory methods
2. publish cases
4. publish validation conclusions
2006
2007
2008
2009
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introductionResearch context
Participant process oriented view to
AEC-field essential co-players within
contemporary construction communication
environment
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introductionResearch contextInternal
communication environment
Discipline internal needs how to manage
architectural information how to manage design
changes how to maintain design freedom
richness
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introductionExternal communication environment
Construction process and participant needs what
are the data, communication needs related to
architects how to supply proper architectural
data in correct form
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Architectural Profession in Change Literature
Review 1...3/2006
architectural design creativity design
theory design education design representation desi
gn methods user requirements collaborative
design virtual design studios VDS
architectural practice social context design
management task lists agreements communication,
co-operation
organizational sciences communication collaboratio
n leading changes impact analysis organization
strategy organization change design management
digitalization, ICT tools interfaces document
management databases data exchange standards,
DWG, IFC data integration data modelling technolog
y assessment IT-strategies
architectural ICT CAD, CAAD 2D, 3D, 4D
3D-modelling visualization, VR, AR knowledge
management
economical aspect costs, expenses, value..
AEC-field ICT project management classification bu
ilding codes product modelling, BIM activity
modelling automated manufacturing, CNC
futures studies assessment future paths
threats methods
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Architectural Profession in Change Literature
Review 1...3/2006
architectural design creativity design
theory design education design representation desi
gn methods user requirements collaborative
design virtual design studios VDS
architectural practice social context design
management task lists agreements communication,
co-operation
organizational sciences communication collaboratio
n leading changes impact analysis organization
strategy organization change design management
digitalization, ICT tools interfaces document
management databases data exchange standards,
DWG, IFC data integration data modelling technolog
y assessment IT-strategies
architectural ICT CAD, CAAD 2D, 3D, 4D
3D-modelling visualization, VR, AR knowledge
management
economical aspect costs, expenses, value..
AEC-field ICT project management classification bu
ilding codes product modelling, BIM activity
modelling automated manufacturing, CNC
futures studies assessment future paths
threats methods
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intro Volume Trend Studies
communication
data, BIM
document mgmt
number of architects number of students project
volume AEC-fields share of economy relative
salaries
3D, visualization
2D CAD
digitalization
globalization
post-industrial information society
urban, industrial society
rural society
post-modern pluralism
neo- classicism
western modernism
art nouveau
functionalism
architect as a master designer
modern organizations, teams
virtual organizations
profession guilds
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Architectural Profession in Change Case Studies
Delphi-interviews
I last masters of modernism
II last days of trad. drawing
III early CAD 2D drawing
IV pervasive integrated collaborative design
web communication
3D CAD
2D CAD
Finnish architect taxa removed
post-war reconst- ruction
Finnish economical crisis
urban growth
oil crisis
2000
1990
1980
1970
1960
1950
2010
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Hypothetical Relative use of time resources
100
organizing management
economy
authorities
teamwork
co-operation communication
architectural design drawing working with
design content producing design proposals
CAD ICT
2000
1990
1980
1970
1960
2010
0
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Focusing planning the workbuilding theory on
practicedefining the essential steps in research

• observed problems
• theoretical limitations point of departure
• measurable testable research questions
• research tasks
• research results
• intellectual contributions to knowledge
• practical significance

Schema by Martin Fischer / Stanford CIFE
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Focusing planning the work

• observed problems
• architectural working environment has changed
• architects roles in construction process have
  changed
• theoretical limitations point of departure
• focus on architects working environment
• exclude wide AEC-field cover
• exclude design content

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Focusing planning the work

• measurable testable research questions
• what is the contemporary architectural working
  environment like
• find ICT-based changes
• research tasks
• literature case studies
• delphi-questionnaires professional expert
  reviews
• describe measure changes
• research results
• portrait of contemporary architectural profession
• description of new changed activities

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Focusing planning the work

• intellectual contributions to knowledge
• modern design practice overview
• described change pattern (based on cases,
  interviews barometers)
• practical significance
• adjusting architects activities work to
  contemporary process requirements
• applicable research results
• observed problems
• architectural working environment has changed
• architects role has changed

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Focusing the researchChanges within the
Architectural ProfessionThe Effects of ICT on
Architectural Practice

• include exclude limit
• architect AEC-field
• building design urban planning
• design process actions design theory
• practice environments hypothetical politics
• change description wishes, hopes, aspirations
• true proved facts loose expectations

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Focusing problemChanges within the
Architectural ProfessionThe Effects of ICT on
Architectural Practice

• the whole AEC-discipline as a research topic is
  too wide
• too many new fields to be covered
• change management
• organizational sciences, design management
• economy etc...
• not just ICT but also several other important
  contexts
• professional political interests
• low result expectations

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Changing Architectural Profession Research
Objectives

• to form a theoretical framework for ICT-based
  changes
• to test the framework
• to make the research results applicable in
  practice

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the nature of changes

• change
• evolution .. process ..
• intended action Aristotles
• change of what ?
• new things appeared
• some things disappeared
• some things are different
• managing the change proactively
• not just following the change react
• change effects
• viewer dependable
• reflect other changed disciplines