Neutrino Astronomy beyond and beneath the Horizons

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Neutrino Astronomy beyond and beneath the
Horizons
VERY HIGH ENERGY PHENOMENA IN THE
UNIVERSE Moriond-La Thuile- March 2005

• D. Fargion
• Physics Department Rome University La Sapienza

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Multi Showers Signatures Shadows of Horizontal
Astronomies
D.Fargion astro-ph/0502017
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Cosmic Ray Flashes above the Earth edges

• Atmosphere at Horizons is an efficent
  suppressing filter for Cosmic Rays and a deep
  calorimeter for High Energy Neutrinos (PeVs-EeVs
  energies)
• Horizontal versus Vertical Showers are spreading
  in a wider area (103 ), becoming more detectable
• Antineutrino electron may exhibit resonance
  interaction with electron in air column depth
• Tau neutrino Earth-Skimming may lead to
  Horizontal and Upward Tau Air-Showers
• UHE particles in New Physics (SUSY Neutralino,
  Staus, TeV Gravity) may also shower at Horizons

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The Ande Mountains as a target for detecting UHE
neutrino tau by Horizontal Air-Showers at
AUGERANDE SHADOWs on GZK Cosmic Rays from West
and Young Horizontal Tau Air-Showers at EeVs
D.Fargion The Astrophysical Journal,570,p.909.
2002
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Where Hadrons and Gamma are Showering

• Hadron and Gamma Showers

Gamma
Hadron
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Showering Up - Down on MAGIC Horizons Cosmic
Rays at PeVs EeVs energy versus Glashow
Resonant 6.3 Pevs and Tau EeVs Air-ShowersMuon
s Rings and Arcs, Gamma Lateral Traces
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Muon Cerenkov Ringshitting the Magic Disk
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Vertical -Horizontal Showers

• Lateral Gamma Shower signature in Magic (Area
  109)

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Showering Up - Down on MAGIC Horizons
astro-ph/0501079
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Rate of Horizontal Cosmic Rays Showering at MAGIC

• FCR(ECR 6 1015eV ) ? 9 10-12cm-2s-1sr -1
• zenith angle q ? 87-88 d 167 km (h / 2.2
  km)1/2
• A p(Dqd)2 ? 27 km2 (d / 167 km)2
• Nev FCR(ECR 6 1015eV ) A DW Dt ? 401/12h
• for q ? 89-91 d 167 km (h / 2.2 km)1/2dh
  dh360 km
• A p(Dqd)2 ? 270 km2 (d / 527 km)2
• Nev FCR(ECR 3 1017eV ) A DW Dt ? 1.6/12h

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Cerenkov Color FilteringA test of the Column
Depth
Cerenkov Parental Showering Timing versus
Muon and-or Gamma mini-flashes Additional
meter on column depth
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Water
Water
Expected Tau events at different angles.GZK
input neutrino flux

Rock
Rock
astro-ph/0501033 astro-ph/0409460 D.Fargion,
M.Grossi, M.De Santis, P.G. de Sanctis Lucentin
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Expected µ events by Tau Air
Showers(Hortaus)GZK input neutrino flux.
Water
Rock

Rock
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The EUSO telescope seeing Hortaus in wide FOV
tens of events in three years
The Effective Mass obtained for the EUSO
telescope 1000 km 3
ApJ 613, 1285-1301, 2004 D. Fargion, P. De
Sanctis Lucentini, M. De Santis, M. Grossi
hep-ph/0305128
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Earth skimming neutrino Tau ShoweringAny
correlation between Earth Crust Contrast and
birth place of Terrestrial Gamma Flashes?
Batse data TGF1991-2000
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Are EeV AGASA Cosmic Rays andTeV MILAGRO
anisotropy correlation with upward TGFevents
already am evidence for EeV Tau Neutrinos from
Cygnus?
astro-ph/0503244 , Detection of TeV Gamma-Rays
with MilagroAuthors P.M. Saz Parkinson et
all.-11-March-2005
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A Magic Crown Array on the top
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MAGIC , while pointing a GRB or a SGR Burst at
Horizons ( 3 of the GRB-SGRs events ) behave
as a km3 NEUTRINO TELESCOPE

Horizons distance d 167 km v(h/2.2 km) Cerenkov
Shower opening angle q 1
Conic Base Area A 30 km 2
Truncate Cone height h 100 km
Truncate Cone Volume V 1000 km 3
Truncate Cone Mass M 1 km 3
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Neutrino and SUSY AstronomyShowering in Air and
inside Earth
Glashow Resonant Anti Neutrino electron Astronomy
Charged Current nuclear interactions
A.Datta, D.Fargion, B. Mele hep-ph/0410176
hadronic or electromagnetic Stau Air showers
see hep-ph/0312197, by I. Albuquerque, G.
Burdman, Z. Chacko
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Conclusions

• Horizontal High Energy Cosmic Rays are well
  observable at Magic Horizons at a rate of hundred
  (ten PeV) or a few (0.2 EeV) a night
• Neutrino Astronomy at Glashow resonance at sight
  by Crown array
• Tau Air-Showers observable in West Side Story
  Shadows at Auger
• Tau Air Showers by GZK neutrinos from Earth
  observable by EUSO
• EeV Tau and Glashow showers in present Magic
  Upward Horizons
• at GRB or SGR Already a km3 n
  cube detector
• SUSY Resonant Showering on the edge as well
• Enhancement of TeV gravity to expected event rate
• Are TGF already testing Upward Tau Air-Shower
  map?
• Good Morning Horizontal La Thuile
  Neutrino Astronomy

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End
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The muon Background at the horizon
The muon background at high slant depth hovers
around 10-13 cm-2 s-1 sr-1 We find that the muon
signal at the horizon, related to Earth skimming
tau neutrinos is around 10-11 cm -2 s-1
sr-1 Within GZK flux
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Up-taus Rates Comparison with Monte Carlo
simulations
Fargion,D.,De Santis M., et all.
Yoshida et al. 2004
Jones et al. 2003