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Jovian Planets

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... the stronger gravity of larger bodies: The planet itself and some of the larger ... is known: the tidal stability limit at 2.5 times the radius of the body. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Jovian Planets


1
Jovian Planets
  • Rulers of the Solar System

2
Properties
Mass (kg) Radius (km) Average Density (kg/m3) of Moons Mag. field (?1) Rotation Period (days) Surface Temp. (K) Surface Gravity (?1)
Jupiter 1.9 x 1027 71,000 1330 16 14 0.41 124 2.5
Saturn 5.7 x 1026 60,000 710 18 0.7 0.43 97 1.1
Uranus 8.7 x 1025 26,000 1240 21 0.7 -0.69 58 0.91
Neptune 1.0 x 1026 25,000 1670 8 0.4 0.72 59 1.1
  • Most of Jupiter and Saturn and about half of
    Uranus and Neptune are made of Hydrogen and Helium

3
Voyager
4
Energy
  • With no surface, no surface modification
    processes
  • No craters
  • No volcanoes
  • No tectonics
  • No erosion
  • These are big planets
  • Big planets have lots of internal energy
  • With no endogenic surface processes, where does
    the energy go?

5
Bands Storms
6
Bands
  • Differential rotation poles take longer to
    rotate than equator

7
Storms
8
The great red spot
9
SL9
10
Interiors
11
Magnetosphere
12
Uranus orbit
13
Planetary Rings
Composition Size
Jupiter Dust Small grains
Saturn Water ice lt house size
Uranus Carbonaceous Large paricles
Neptune dark, unknown unknown, small
  • All the Jovian planets have rings
  • These are not solid, but composed of millions of
    tiny particles of ice and dust
  • Rings have structure gaps and spokes

14
Rings
15
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16
Ring structure
17
What makes the rings?
18
Shepard moons
19
Planetary rings Why?
  • Left to itself, a ring will slowly spread out due
    to gravitational interactions
  • Rings are bounded by the stronger gravity of
    larger bodies The planet itself and some of the
    larger and nearby moons
  • Some bounds are due to gravitational resonances,
    others due to the direct action of sheparding
    satellites
  • The origin of the rings is unknown either a
    failed satellite or a broken satellite
  • A reason is known the tidal stability limit at
    2.5 times the radius of the body. Interior to
    this, 2 touching particles will be pulled apart
    by the planets gravity
  • Why dont inner planets have rings? Gravitation
    perturbations by the Sun will cause any small
    particles to spiral into the planets on a
    relatively short time scale.
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