PATRIOTS VS' LOYALISTS

1
PATRIOTS VS. LOYALISTS

• THE REVOLUTION BECOMES A CIVIL WAR

2
PATRIOTS

• KNOWN AS WHIGS
• BELIEVED IN COMPLETE INDEPENDENCE FROM GREAT
  BRITAIN
• FOUND INSPIRATION FROM LOCKE, PAINE, AND PATRICK
  HENRY
• PROVIDED TROOPS FOR ARMY UNDER WASHINGTON

3
LOYALISTS

• KNOWN AS TORIES
• REMAINED LOYAL TO BRITAIN BECAUSE OF CULTURAL
  TIES
• BELIEVED TAXATION WAS JUSTIFIED TO PAY FOR
  BRITISH TROOPS
• JOINED WITH BRITISH REGULARS

4
NORTHERN CAMPAIGN
5
BRITISH STRATEGY

• SPLIT NEW ENGLAND FROM REST OF COLONIES
• SIR GUY CARLETON INVADE FROM CANADA
• WILLIAM HOWE TAKE NEW YORK THEN HEAD NORTHWARD

6
BATTLE OF NEW YORK

• HOWE ATTACKS LONG ISLAND
• WASHINGTON WITHDRAWS
• NATHAN HALE CAPTURED
• HOWE ATTACKS MANHATTAN
• BATTLE OF WHITE PLAINS
• BRITISH TAKE FORT WASHINGTON ON THE HUDSON

7

• CORNWALLIS TAKES FORT LEE
• WASHINGTON FLEES TO NEW JERSEY
• BRITISH CONTROLS NEW YORK

8
BENEDICT ARNOLD

• Sir Guy Carleton wants control of Hudson to link
  up with Howe in New York
• Arnold makes stand at Lake Champlain
• After having to retreat, Arnold succeeds in
  delaying Carleton
• Carleton returns to Canada before winter

9
NEW JERSEY

• Battle of Trenton
• Dec. 1776
• Famous crossing of the Delaware
• Defeats Hessian troops
• Battle of Princeton
• Attack is successful against British
• Winter quarters in Morristown, NJ

10
1777
11
BRITISH ATTACK PHILADELPHIA

• BATTLE OF BRANDYWINE
• Washington loses to Howe
• Howe sends Cornwallis to take city
• Continental Congress flees to York, PA.
• Battle of Germantown
• After initial success, Americans lose
• Howe plans to resign

12
BATTLE OF SARATOGA

• John Burgoyne plans attack to divide colonies in
  three-pronged attack
• Take Fort Ticonderoga, then meet Barry St. Leger
  and William Howe at Albany
• St. Leger defeated and will not join Burgoyne
• Howe had went to Chesapeake to attack
  Philadelphia and will not join Burgoyne

13

• Americans under command of Horatio Gates and
  Benedict Arnold
• Daniel Morgan and Virginia Riflemen
• Burgoyne must surrender- Oct. 1777
• Becomes turning point of war because French will
  now enter war, due in part to diplomacy of
  Benjamin Franklin

14
FOREIGN SOLDIERS

• MARQUIS DE LAFAYETTE
• FRIEDRICH VON STEUBEN
• KAZIMIERZ PULASKI
• TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO
• BERNARDO DE GALVEZ

15
EUROPEAN ALLIES

• War becomes a world war
• FRENCH- 1778
• SPAIN- 1779
• HOLLAND-1780

16
BATTLE OF MONMOUTH

• LARGEST LAND BATTLE OF WAR
• WASHINGTON ATTACKS CLINTON TROOPS ON WAY TO NEW
  YORK
• LAST MAJOR BATTLE FOUGHT IN THE NORTH
• BATTLE WAS A DRAW, BUT SEEN AS AMERICAN SUCCESS

17
WAR IN THE WEST

• GEORGE ROGERS CLARK PLANS TO ATTACK AREA IN
  ILLINOIS COUNTRY
• WINS MAJOR VICTORY AT VINCENNES
• GIVES AMERICANS CLAIM TO WESTERN LANDS

18
BENEDICT ARNOLD BETRAYAL

• BRITISH HAVE DESIGNS ON HUDSON RIVER
• BRITISH PLAN TO TAKE WEST POINT
• CONSPIRACY TO GIVE PLANS TO WEST POINT INVOLVES
  ARNOLD AND BRITISH MAJOR JOHN ANDRE
• ARNOLD IS CAUGHT AND FLEES AND JOINS WITH BRITISH

19
THE WAR AT SEA

• FRENCH FLEET FIGHTS BRITISH FLEET IN CARIBBEAN
• PRIVATEERS ATTACK BRITISH SHIPS
• JOHN PAUL JONES- BONHOMME RICHARD
• DEFEATS SERAPIS
• I HAVE NOT YET BEGUN TO FIGHT