Introduction to Sensory Integration Presented By: Heather Weis June 10, 2002

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Introduction to Sensory IntegrationPresented
By Heather WeisJune 10, 2002
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Sensory integration is the neurological process
that organizes sensations from ones own body and
from the environment, and makes it possible to
use the body effectively within the environment.
Sensory integration is information processing.
A. Jean Ayres, 1989
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Definitions

• Sensation
• Integration
• Sensory Integration
• Neurologic Process
• Theory
• Adaptive Response

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Key assumptions of Sensory Integration Theory
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Central nervous system plasticity occurs
throughout the life span.
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Hierarchial organization of the brain.
Source Sensory Integration and the Child Ayres,
Jean
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Each sensory system has influence on the other
sensory systems.
Source Sensory Integration and the Child Ayres,
Jean
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Sensory integration is developed through active
participation in meaningful activities.
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Sensory input is registered, processed,
integrated and organized to produce a response or
behavior.
Adaptive Response
Sensory input
Neural processing
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Sensory Systems

• Near Senses
• Vestibular
• Tactile
• Proprioceptive

• Far Senses
• Visual
• Auditory
• Olfactory
• Gustatory

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Vestibular System
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Location
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Function

• Regulation of other sensory systems
• Reticular Activating System
• Muscle Tone
• Balance and Movement
• Bilateral Integration
• Auditory-language Processing
• Oculomotor Control
• Emotions/Memory

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Dysfunction

• Vestibular Hyposensitivity
• Vestibular Hypersensitivity
• Postural insecurity
• Gravitational insecurity
• Poor Discrimination

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Proprioceptive System
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Location
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Function

• Kinesthesia
• Body Awareness
• Modulation/Grading of movement
• Motor Planning
• Postural Stability

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Dysfunction
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Tactile System
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Location
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Function

• Protective
• Discriminatory
• Body Awareness
• Motor Planning
• Fine Motor Coordination

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Dysfunction

• Hyposensitive Tactile System
• Hypersensitive Tactile System
• Poor Discrimination

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Olfactory System
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Gustatory System
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Visual System
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Auditory System
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Populations

• Autism Spectrum Disorders
• Fragile X Syndrome
• Mental Retardation
• Children institutionalized
• Children born prematurely
• Children with Learning Disabilities
• Normal Children
• Everyone

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Evaluation

• Clinical Observation
• Parent/Teacher Report
• Sensory Questionnaires
• Winnie Dunns Sensory Profile
• Touch Inventory for Elementary School-Aged
  Children (TIE)
• Developmental History by Ayres

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• Standardized Tests
• Sensory Integration and Praxis Test (SIPT)
• DeGangi-Berk Test of Sensory Integration (TSI)
• Test of Sensory Functions in Infants (TSFI)
• Various Sensorimotor Tests

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Levels of Treatment
Praxis/Skill
Discrimination
Self-Regulation
Modulation
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Treatment

• Modulation
• Homeostasis
• Self-Regulation
• Sensory Diet
• Discrimination
• Perception
• Praxis/Skill

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Questions????