Fast Timing in Cosmic Rays

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Fast Timing in Cosmic Rays Simon Swordy -
November 18th
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• Above the atmosphere
• mass identification
• trigger and charge measurement
• calorimeter albedo rejection
• Ground based
• dual focus imaging systems

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• Mass id science
• Be9/Be10 - age of cosmic rays should show time
  dilation effects which map out the density of
  material traveled versus time. Need lorentz
  factors above 2.
• He3/4 - material traveled as a function of
  lorentz factor -gt required to find source energy
  spectra of He
• antiprotons - what do these do at high energy?
• anti-deuterium - is there any of this?

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3m
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What is the maximum detectable ? for a TOF system
with resolution ?t and a separation of 3m?
?t(ps) ?max
100 7.1
30 12.9
10 22.4
3 40.3

• probably interesting for Be9/10 and
  anti-deuterium
• not much good for He3/4 (need 100 or so)
• works in a region where there are no good
  cherenkov radiators (ngt1.01 nlt1.1)

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Calorimeter albedo problem
CREAM-2004
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albedo time several ns pixel detectors would be
much better than paddles because of transit time
in paddles
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Dual focal length cerenkov imaging
- TrICE (Track Imaging Cherenkov Experiment)
U. Chicago - ANL
18ns delay between images
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Size of Direct Cherenkov spot -gt nucleus Z

• Dual focal length system
• 1st image wide angle includes shower-trigger
• 2nd image higher resolution finds direct
  Cherenkov component -gt ns resolution would be
  useful here

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HOW MUCH? For a NASA experiment on balloons 1
detector plane of 1mx1m could be up to 250k -gt
25 per cm2 For an imaging cherenkov camera
0.6m x 0.6m could be 300k -gt 80 per
cm2 Probably needs to get below 100 per cm2
to be a contender.........