SHIPS

1
SHIPS SAILINGBUOYANCY BALLASTNOTES

• Fair winds and following seas.

2
SHIP LINGO

• Starboard the right side of the ship
• Port the left side of the ship
• Fore the forward part of the vessel
• Aft at, near, or towards the stern
• Bow the front of the vessel
• Stern the back of the vessel
• Knot a speed of one nautical mile per hour
• (6076 feet)

3
SHIP PARTS

• Mast a large wooden pole to hold up the sails
• Boom a horizontal pole which is anchored on one
  end and extends the foot of the sail can
  typically be spun around
• Bowsprit a long pole attached to the bow used
  to secure head (front) sails

4
WHAT IS A SAILING VESSEL?

• any vessel that is powered by the wind often
  having several masts

5
HOW CAN YOU DETERMINE IF AN OBJECT WILL SINK OR
FLOAT IN A FLUID?

• If an object is less dense than the fluid it is
  in, it will float.

• If an object is more dense than the fluid it is
  in, it will sink.

6
FLOATING

• A solid piece of steel sinks in water. A heavy
  steel ship floats because of the shape of its
  hull.

• The hull is shaped so that it displaces a large
  volume of water, creating a large buoyant force.

7
BUOYANCY

• The ability of an object to exert an upward force
  on an object placed on it.

8
BALLAST

• A ballast tank
• is a compartment within a boat,
• ship or other floating structure that holds
  water.

9
BALLAST

• Ballast can be used for
• Stability (sinks ship deeper in the water to
  prevent rolling)
• Submersibles use it to make them sink

• A ballast tank can be filled or emptied in order
  to adjust the amount of ballast force
• Emptying ballast allows the vessel to float
  higher in the water (moving over shallower areas)

10
BALLAST WATER INVASIVE SPECIES

• Species that are in the water from one port and
  dumped into the new port when the ballast is
  emptied
• These species can be extremely harmful to their
  new environment.