BIZNESA PROCESU MODELE

1
BIZNESA PROCESU MODELEŠANA IZMANTOJOT
METAMODELEŠANAS PANEMIENUS

• Valdis Vitolinš
• Promocijas eksamens

2
Saturs

• Modeli, metamodeli un metamodelešana
• Unified Modeling Language (UML) 2.0 standarti
• (pasaule, kura dzivojam)
• Petijumu apraksts
• Vienots biznesa procesa metamodelis
• Biznesa procesu merišana
• UML 2.0 aktivitašu diagrammas preciza semantika
• Biznesa procesu transformacijas
• Turpmakie petijumi

3
Kas ir metamodelešana

• Metamodelešana ir modelešanas valodas un tas
  likumu izstrade.
• Metamodelešana ir visparigu likumu piemerošana
  (instancešana) konkretiem modeliem vairakos
  piegajienos, ta veidojot vairakus metaslanus.
• Metamodelešana ir modelu izstrade, pielietošana
  un manipulacijas ar tiem, taja skaita ari modelu
  transformacijas
• Metamodelis ir preciza modela un ta semantikas
  (jegas) apraksts, kas nepieciešams modela
  izveidei.
• www.wikipedia.org,
• Mili, H., Pachet, F., Benyahia, I., and Eddy, F.
  (1995). Metamodeling in OO. OOPSLA '95 Workshop
  summary.

4
Kas ir biznesa procesu modelešana

• Biznesa procesu modelešana (Business Process
  Modeling - BPM) ir ir uznemuma darbibas
  aprakstišana ieskaitot pašreizejo un velamo
  stavokli, un iespejams ari izmainu (parejas)
  procesu no esoša stavokla uz velamo stavokli.
• BPM tiek veikta, izmantojot dažadas BPM valodas,
  rikus un metodikas.
• Mes galvenokart izmantojam
• UML valodu (Unified Modeling Language),
• MDA (Model Driven Architecture) konkretak - MDD
  (Model Driven Development) metodiku.
• http//www.wikipedia.org/
• http//www.omg.org

5
Metaslanu hierarhijas piemers pec UML 2.0jeb ka
mes redzam pasauli

• Unified Modeling Language (UML) Specification
  Infrastructure version 2.0
• http//www.omg.org/cgi-bin/doc?ptc/2004-10-14

6
Metamodelu slani (layers)

• M0 izpildes laika (runtime) instances (mes
  parasti neaplukojam, jo attiecas uz
  implementaciju)
• M1 modeli, kuros var tikt ieklautas konkretas
  instances specifikacija (instance specification)
  kaVideo title "2001 A Space Odyssey"
• M2 metamodeli, valodas (UML, BPMN, ORM, DSL,
  u.c.)
• M3 metametamodeli, valodu modeli variacijas
  par diskreto modelešanas valodu uzbuvi
• sastav no metaklasem un metaasociacijam
• Tony Clark, Andy Evans, Paul Sammut, James
  Willans, Applied Metamodelling A Foundation for
  Language Driven Development Version 0.1,
  http//albini.xactium.com/content/

7
Ontologiska metamodelešana (Ontological
metamodeling) jeb nepareiza metaslanu hierarhija

• Colin Atkinson, Thomas Kühne,
• The Role of Metamodeling in MDA, Calling a
  Spade a Spade in the MDA Infrastructure, The
  Essence of Multilevel Metamodeling, u.c.
• http//www.db.informatik.uni-bremen.de/umlbib/auth
  ors/AtkinsonColin.html

Nepareizais skats pudeli uzskata par suna
instanci Pilnai genealogijai sanak patvaligi dauz
metaslanu
Musu (UML) skats Pudelis ir suna specializacija
Visa genealogija ir M1 Ir tikai 4 metaslani
M0
8
Unified Modeling Language (UML) 2.0

• Standarti
• Unified Modeling Language Superstructureversion
  2.0, http//www.omg.org/cgi-bin/doc?formal/05-07-0
  4
• Unified Modeling Language Infrastructure,version
  2.0 http//www.omg.org/cgi-bin/doc?ptc/2004-10-14
  
• MOF 2.0 Versioning Final Adopted Specification,
  http//www.omg.org/cgi-bin/doc?ptc/2005-08-01
• OCL 2.0 Specification,Version 2.0,
  http//www.omg.org/cgi-bin/doc?ptc/2005-06-06

9
Vienots biznesa procesa metamodelis

• Petijumi tika veikti 2002-2003 gada.
• Ši petijuma rezultati tika apvienotu un
  publiceti
• Vitolins Valdis, Audris Kalnins. Modeling
  Business. Modeling and Simulation of Business
  Systems, Kaunas University of Technology Press,
  Vilnius, May 13-14, 2003, pp. 215.-220.

10
Biznesa modelu izpete

• Pirmie biznesa jedzienu definešanas petijumi ir
  veikti
• The Zachman Institute for Framework Advancement
  (ZIFA), http//www.zifa.com
• System Architect,Tutorial, 2001, Popkin Software,
  http//www.popkin.com/products/product_overview.ht
  m
• Bet tie neatbilst objektorientetai pieejai
• Precizakus (objektorientetus un UML atbilstošus)
  modelus ir veidojuši
• A. Osterwalder, S. Ben Lagha, Y. Pigneur, An
  Ontology for Developing e-Business Models,
  INFORGE, Encole des HEC, http//inforge.unil.ch/ao
  sterwa
• Andreas Dietzsch. Adapting the UML to Business
  Modelling's Needs - Experiences in Situational
  Metod Engineering, UML 2002. LNCS 2460, pp 73-83
• Sandy Tyndale-Biscoe. Business Modelling for
  Component Systems with UML. Proceedings of the
  Sixth EDOC Conference (02)

11
A. Osterwalder biznesa modelis

• An e-Business Model Ontology for the Creation of
  New Management Software Tools and IS Requirement
  Engeneering, Ecole des Hec, Université de
  Lausanne, http//inforge.unil.ch/aosterwa
• Metamodelis pamata aprakstits anglu valoda
• Pamata apskata augsta parvaldibas limena
  jedzienus (ne ikdienas workflow operacijas)

12
Andreas Dietzsch, Sandy Tyndale-Biscoe biznesa
modeli
Labi attelo Deminga Value Added Chain procesu
Andreas Dietzsch. Adapting the UML to Business
Modelling's Needs - Experiences in Situational
Metod Engineering, UML 2002. LNCS 2460, pp 73-83
Labi attelo resursu parvaldibu un procesu veicejus
Sandy Tyndale-Biscoe. Business Modelling for
Component Systems with UML. Proceedings of the
Sixth EDOC Conference (02)
13
Musu apvienotais uznemuma (biznesa) metamodelis

• Apvienotaja metamodeli ir daudzi jedzieni, kas
  škiet svarigi biznesa analitikiem, bet kuru nav
  UMLa. Acimredzot tapec, ka UML vesturiski ir
  veidojies ka programmaturas izstrades, nevis
  biznesa analizes standarts.
• Zimigi vardi ir Notataion Independent tas
  atspogulo musu ta laika domas par kopigo
  metamodeli dažadam valodam

14
Musu biznesa procesa metamodelis
Metamodelis sasaucas ar UML 2.0 aktivitašu
diagrammu, bet tas ir papildinats ar jaunam
klasem un asociacijam (stipri modificets).
Piem. Performer klase un Actor asociacija ir
janievedums, kas ir nacis no musu biznesa procesa
profila (pakotnes). Šadi papildinajumi gan ir
saskana ar MOF un UML, bet datu apmainu starp
dažadiem rikiem veikt nevar, jo papildinajumus
tie var nesaprast.
15
GRADE BM un UML 2.0 Aktivitašu diagrammu piemeri

• Abas valodas aprakstits tas pats biznesa process

16
Biznesa modelu transformacija kopeja metamodela
pieeja

• Dažadas valodas uzskatijam ka valodas
  neatkarigu jedzienu attelojumus

17
Modelu transformacija pirms MOLA

• Exigen Business Modeler pieeja izmantojot
  kopigo metamodeli

Pareizak butu teikt, ka šeit veikta modelu
salagošana (mapping), jo transformacija tira
veida netiek veikta. Šobrid, izmantojot MOLA,
modeli tiktu parveidoti no viena uz otru,
izlaižot Notation Independent Domain.
18
Citas saites

• A. Osterwalder, S. Ben Lagha, Y. Pigneur, An
  Ontology for Developing e-Business Models,
  INFORGE, Encole des HEC, http//inforge.unil.ch/ao
  sterwa
• Kalnins, A., Barzdins, J., Celms, E., Lace, L.,
  Opmanis, M., Podnieks, K., Zarins, A. The First
  Step Towards Generic Modelling Tool. Proceedings
  of Baltic DBIS 2002, Vol. 2, Tallinn (2002)
  167-180
• ESPRIT project ADDE. http//www.fast.de/ADDE
• International Standard, ISO/DIS 9001 Quality
  management systems Requirements, International
  Organization For Standardization,
  http//www.iso.com
• Business Process Modeling Notation. Working Draft
  (0.9) November 13, 2002, Business Process
  Management Initiative (BPMI), http//www.bpmi.org
  
• International Standard, ISO/TS 16949 Quality
  systems - Automotive suppliers, International
  Organization For Standardization,
  http//www.iso.com

19
Biznesa procesu merišana

• Petijumi tika veikti 2003-2004 gada.
• Ši petijuma rezultati tika apvienotu un
  publiceti
• Vitolins Valdis, Business Process Measures.
  Computer Science and Information Technologies,
  Databases and Information Systems Doctoral
  Consortium, Scientific Papers University of
  Latvia Vol. 673, University of Latvia, 2004, pp.
  186.-197

20
Kas ir biznesa procesu merišana

• Biznesa procesa meri ir jedzieni, kas attelo
  dažadus biznesa procesu aspektus (ipašibas)
• Laiks
• Nauda
• Resursi
• Kvalitate
• ar precizu definiciju un jegu
• Ar precizu skaitli un mervienibu.
• Saskana ar Gartner, biznesa procesu preciza
  merišana ir noteikta ka kritiska Biznesa procesu
  parvaldibas (BPM) joma.
• Gartner, Inc, Executive Report Library, Winning
  Asset Management Series. Introduction and Report
  Overview http//www.gartnerconnects.com/executive
  reports/executive_reports_asset_management.pdf
• Procesu merišanas metodika ir aprakstita
• ISO 90002000, Quality management systems -
  Fundamentals and vocabulary , ISO 90012000,
  Quality management systems Requirements,
  http//www.iso.org
• Mark C. Paulk, et.al., The Capability Maturity
  Model Guidelines for Improving the Software
  Process, Addison Wesley Professional, 1995
• Douglas T. Hicks, Activity-Based Costing Making
  It Work for Small and Mid-Sized Companies, 2nd
  Edition edition, John Wiley Sons, 2002
• Robert S. Kaplan, David P. Norton, The
  Strategy-Focused Organization How Balanced
  Scorecard Companies Thrive in the New Business
  Environment, Harvard Business School Press, 2000
• Farok J. Contractor, Valuation of Intangible
  Assets in Global Operations, Quorum Books, 2001
• Bet neviena no šim metodikam nav balstita uz
  metamodelešanu, tapec var teikt, ka nav
  pietiekami preciza un formala

21
Balanced Scorecard metodika

• Dažadas meru perspektivas
• (Customer, Financial, Internal, Learning
  Growth)
• Katras perspektivas meri izsakami ar preciziem
  skaitliem

22
Intangible Asset Monitoring

• Bazeta uz Balanced Scorecard metodiku
• Piedava dažadus skaitliski izmeramus merus
  netaustamiem raditajiem, un daleji ari to
  saistibu, piem.
• Indicators of Growth
• Indicators of Renewal/Innovation
• Indicators of Efficiency/Utilisation
• Indicators of Risk/Stability
• Indicators of Renewal/Innovation
• Iesaka pielietot skaitliskus merus ari dažadam
  gaisigam lietam, ka piem. customer satisfaction
  ka atgriezušos klientu skaitu, vai procentu no
  visiem apkalpotiem klientiem, u.tml.

23
Nopietnakie riki ar procesu merišanu

• GRADE, IDS Scheer ARIS, Popkin Software System
  Architect
• Lauj merit procesu simulaciju (laiks, izmantotas
  instances, rindas, u.tml)
• Merus uzdot atseviška simulatora
• Sekojošie riki praktiski atbalsta tikai Internal
  Business un Financial perspektivu merus, kurus
  var piemerot procesu parvaldibai
• Meru agregacija notiek veidojot parskatus, pašam
  jazin, ko un ka saskaitit
• QPR ScoreCard
• Elementarajam aktivitatem predefineti vienadi
  meri, ka
• Izpildes laiki (sakums, beigas, kopejais ilgums,
  aktivais ilgums)
• Izmaksas, objektu dekompozicija var sadalit
  izmaksas
• Skaititaji ( defektiem, kopejais skaits u.tml.)
• Lidz ar to, ne visiem elementa meriem ir butiska
  jega (reala varbut ir)
• CaseWise Corporate Modeler
• Balanced Scorecard metodika

24
(No Transcript)
25
Biznesa procesa modelis no iekšpuses (klašu
diagramma)

• Šaja atteloti visi Make Order procesa elementi
  (ieklaujot aktivitašu diagramma neredzamos), ka
  konkretas metamodela instances.
• Attelojumam ir nestandarta pieeja
• metamodela klase ir attelota ka stereotips,
• t.i. ltltBusiness Processgtgt Make Order , jalasa ka
  Make OrderBusiness Process
• metamodela dekompozicija attelota ka modela
  dekompozicija ar konkretam klasem, un konkretam
  asociacijam
• (UML standarta ieteikta klases nodalijuma
  (compartment) izmantošana iespejama tikai vienai
  metamodela-gtmodela parejai)

26
Meru definicijas metamodelis (M2 slanis)

• Ari šis metamodelis ir veidots ar specigo
  pielagošanu, ieviešot jaunu Biznesa procesu
  merišanas profilu.
• Meru definicijas metamodelis ir izmantojams ka
  šablons biznesu procesa meriem (uz metamodeli
  balstita) rika.
• T.i. rika jau ir defineti gatavi procesa biznesa
  meri un to vertibu aprekinašanas veids
  (formula).

27
Meru veidi un to saistiba ar biznesa procesu
definicijas elementiem (M2 slanis)

• ltltContainergtgt meriem var uzdot gatavus veidus, ka
  tiek agregeti sastavdalu meru rezultati (jasumme,
  javidejo, jaskaita ka procenti u.tml.)
• Šis modelis vairak lasams ka konceptuala
  diagramma, kas atspogulo musu domas par
  noderigiem biznesa procesu meriem, neka precizs
  metamodelis. Lai metamodelis butu precizs, taja
  butu jaatspogulo metaklašu instancu un
  metaasociaciju instancu konkretas vertibas, bet
  ka jau tika noradits, UMLa nav noderigu veidu, ka
  to isti attelot.

28
Biznesa procesu meru metametamodelis (M3 slanis)

• Šaja darba mes ne tikai izveidojam savu
  metamodeli (biznesa procesu merišanas profilu),
  bet patiesiba izveidojam ari savu metametamodeli
  jeb MOFu.
• Ka labumu var minet to, ka šadi specializejot
  UML MOFu, mes varam vienkaršot metamodeli, jo
  daudzas vajadzigas ipašibas (piem., sapratigi
  ierobežojumi) mums jau ir iešutas MOFa
• Tas gan ir saskana ar MOF standartu, kas pielauj
  dažadus MOFus
• Tomer, tas lauž tradicijas, jo apgrutina datu
  apmainu (ko gan varetu labot ar transformacijam)

Jateic, ka šobrid mes cenšamies dzivot preciza
saskana ar UML MOFu un UMLu, lai varam mierigu
sirdsapzinu apgalvot, ka mes dzivojam saskana ar
tiem.
29
Citas saites

• ARIS 6 Collaborative Suite, System White Paper,
  IDS Scheer, 2003,http//www.ids-scheer.com/sixcms
  /media.php/1186/ARIS6-2SWPen2003-07.pdf
• System Architect,Tutorial, 2001, Popkin Software,
  http//www.popkin.com/products/product_overview.ht
  m
• QPR Process Guide White Paper, QPR ScoreCard
  White Paper, 2002, QPR Software Plc,
  http//www.qpr.com/protected/whitepapers/QPRProces
  sGuide/QPRProcessGuideWhitePaper.pdf,
  http//www.qpr.com/protected/whitepapers/QPR_Score
  Card_WhitePaper.pdf
• Casewise Corporate Modeler Product Info,
  Casewise, http//www.casewise.com/products/corpora
  te-modeler/corporate-modeler.php
• Unified Modeling Language Superstructure,
  version 2.0, Object Management Group (OMG), 2003,
  http//www.omg.org/docs/ad/03-04-01.pdf
• Meta Object Facility (MOF) 2.0 Core Proposal,
  Object Management Group (OMG), 2003,
  http//www.omg.org/docs/ad/03-04-07.pdf
• Response to the UML 2.0 OCL RfP Revised
  Submission,Version 1.6, Object Management Group
  (OMG), 2003, http//www.omg.org/docs/ad/03-01-07.
  pdf

30
UML 2.0 aktivitašu diagrammas preciza semantika

• Petijumi tika veikti 2004-2005 gada.
• Ši petijuma rezultati tika apvienotu un
  publiceti
• Valdis Vitolins, Audris Kalnins, Semantics of UML
  2.0 Activity Diagram for Business Modeling by
  Means of Virtual Machine, Proceedings Ninth IEEE
  International EDOC Enterprise Computing
  Conference, IEEE, 2005, pp. 181.-192.

31
AD precizas semantikas petijumi

• UML standarta AD preciza semantika ir aprakstita
  anglu valoda
• Precizai AD izpilde ir nepieciešama formala
  semantika precizaka valoda
• Ar precizas semantikas petijumiem ir
  nodarbojušies
• Stephen A. White, Process Modeling Notations and
  Workflow Patterns, March, 2004,
  http//www.omg.org/bp-corner/pmn.htm
• Conrad Bock, UML 2 Activity and Action Models
  Part 4 Object Nodes, in Journal of Object
  Technology, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 27-41.
  http//www.jot.fm/issues/issue_2004_01/column3
• Conrad Bock, UML 2 Activity and Action Models
  Part 2 Actions, in Journal of Object
  Technology, vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 41-56.
  http//www.jot.fm/issues/issue_2003_09/column4
• Rik Eshuis, Roel Wieringa, Comparing Petri Net
  and Activity Diagram Variants for Workfow
  Modelling A Quest for Reactive Petri Nets,
  2003, http//is.tm.tue.nl/staff/heshuis/pnt.pdf
• Harald Störrle, Jan Hendrik Hausmann, Towards a
  Formal Semantics of UML 2.0 Activities, 2004,
  http//www.pst.informatik.uni-muenchen.de/stoerrl
  e/V/AD-11-Limits.pdf
• Harald Störrle, Semantics and Verification of
  Data Flow in UML 2.0 Activities, 2004,
  http//www.pst.informatik.uni-muenchen.de/stoerrl
  e/V/AD2b-DataFlow.pdf

32
UML 2.0 aktivitašu diagrammas piemers
33
Kondrada Boka (Conrad Bock) skaidrojumi Jot

• Skaidrojumi ar detalizetakam bildem un
  detalizetaku tekstu ka standarta, bet dinamika
  tik un ta aprakstita anglu valoda

34
Stefena vaota (Stephen A. White) Workflow Patterns

• Apskatijis izplatitakos (un ne tik izplatitus)
  workflow paternus, ko skaidro ar BPMNu un UML AD.
• Zarošanas (paralelitate)
• Izveles
• Cilpas
• Partraukumi

35
Rik Eshuis, Roel Wieringa

• Semantics and Veri?cation of UML Activity
  Diagrams for Work ?ow Modelling,
• Comparing Petri Net and Activity DiagramVariants
  for Work ow Modelling A Quest for Reactive
  Petri Nets
• Skaidro translejot AD uz Petri tikliem, apskata
  tikai notikumus, bet nav datu plusmas
• AD apakškopa ir salidzinama ar Stavoklu diagrammu
  (State Chart)

36
UML Activity mapping to the Petri Nets, Harald
Störrle

• Semantics of UML 2.0 Activities,
• Semantics and Verification of Data Flow in UML
  2.0 Activities
• Semantics of Exceptions in UML 2.0 Activities
• Apskata gan notikumus, gan datu plusmas, gan
  apakšizsaukumus translejot tos uz Petri tikliem.
• Vispilnigakais no skaidrojumiem, izmantojot Petri
  Nets

37
Musu izveidota AD VM ir savadaka no UML standarta

• Implemente tikai apakškopu (kas nepieciešama
  biznesa procesu parakstišanai)
• Elementi no Fundamental, Basic, Intermediate,
  daži no Complete Activities
• Activities, Actions, Control and Object Flows,
  Activity Parameter Nodes, Pins, Control Nodes,
  Activity Partitions and Groups
• Ierobežojumi diagrammam
• outgoing edge from a ControlNode is not an
  incoming edge for the same ControlNode
• there should be no paths between
  CallBehaviorActions, InitialNodes, FinalNodes or
  ActivityParameterNodes containing both ForkNodes
  and JoinNodes

Forbidden Constructs
38
Activity Diagram standarta semantika

• Control Nodes with Guards are working as "traffic
  switches for visibility of offered tokens
• Only active elements are Action Engines
• They try to fill up their input pins with sets of
  tokens using "transitive closure visibility of
  offered tokens
• Activity Diagram Standard Semantics
• visibility rules are harder to implement than
  simple actions
• Processing of offered tokens all at once
  doesnt work correctly for Single Execution mode
  (important for simulation) - concurrent control
  tokens may be lost

39
Musu virtualas mašinas semantika

• Edges and Control nodes between stable nodes are
  concatenated into Paths
• PassRule is created from Guards of Paths edges
  which are "anded" together
• each PassRule can be evaluated independently
• Main active elements are Push and Pull token
  Engines
• provide token movement between stable nodes
  (actions, initial, final)
• Push engines are used for outgoing branches
• Pull engines are used for incoming branches
• Our semantics
• Simple and more suitable for execution
• Works also in Single Execution mode

40
AD metamodela apakškopa un atbilstošas ADVM klases
41
Celi (Paths) un markieru dzineji (Token Engines)

• Paths are created as a "transitive closure" of
  Edges and IntermediateNodes between Queues of
  StableNodes.
• constraints and conditions, coming from Guards
  and Control Nodes are "concatenated" into the
  PassRule
• TokenEngines for queues are added the following
  way
• if for an OutputQueue there exists at least one
  OutgoingPath without Join, then a PushEngine for
  this OutputQueue is created
• if for an InputQueue there exists at least one
  IncomingPath with Join, then a PullEngine for
  this InputQueue is created

42
Musu AD virtualas mašinas metamodelis
(bez ActivityFactory klases)
43
Musu ADVM ekvivalence un izmantošana

• Equivalence
• Essential event trace starts of action
  executions and the token sets consumed and
  produced by these actions are the same for both
  virtual machines on any activity diagram.In our
  subset of UML Activity Diagrams
• there is no real race for tokens by actions in
  the selected subset(no implicit fork, no forks
  in a path leading to a pull engine, mutually
  exclusive guards for decisions)
• any token will be delivered to its destination in
  our VM not later than in the original VM
• assertion that all input pins must have at least
  one token (or an appropriate group of tokens, if
  this is a join pin) for the action to start,
  becomes true at exactly the same moment when the
  original VM would have finally collected all the
  offered tokens
• Usage
• Works well for BPM and workflow systems, easily
  implementable
• AD simulator a tool important for workflow
  validation

44
Citas saites

• A.Kalnins, J. Barzdins, E.Celms. Efficiency
  Problems in MOLA Implementation. 19th
  International Conference, OOPSLA2004, Vancouver,
  Canada, October 2004 http//melnais.mii.lu.lv/audr
  is/OOPSLA_MOLA.pdf
• QVT-Merge Group. MOF 2.0 QVT RFP, Revised
  submission, version 1.0. OMG Document,
  ad/2004-04-01, http//www.omg.org/cgi-bin/doc?ad/2
  004-04-01

45
Biznesa procesu transformacijas

• Petijumi uzsakti 2005. gada un tiek turpinati.
• Petijuma rezultati ir apvienoti raksta Use of UML
  and Model Transformations for Workflow Process
  Definitions, kas tiek gatavots iesniegšanai
  konference.

46
Kas ir biznesa procesu transformacijas

• Musdienu pasaule pastav daudz un dažadas
  modelešansa valodas, kuras var izmantot biznesa
  procesu modelešanai
• UML 2.0 Activity Diagram
• UML 2.0 State Machine
• JPDL - jBPM Process Definition Language.
• DSL -Domain Specific Language (biznesa procesu
  modelešanas profils gan nav definets)
• BPEL - Business Process Execution Language for
  Web Services
• XPDL (XML Process Definition Language), BPML
  (Business Process Modelling Language), YAWL (Yet
  Another Workflow Language)
• Ir ari daudz un dažadi dzineji, kas izpilda
  procesu definicijas (šobrid vairums no tiem
  izpilda uz UML stavoklu diagrammu bazetas
  valodas).
• Musu uzskats ir ka izstradajot sistemas ar MDD
  pieeju nepartraukti rodas vajadziba transformet
  modelus
• abstraktaku procesa definiciju konkretaka valoda
  (PIM-gtPSM transformacija),
• Procesa definiciju viena valoda uz citu lidzigu
  valodu (PIM-gtPIM transformacija)
• Ja transformacijas nav iespejams veikt
  automatiski, MDD ideja nav dzivotspejiga, jo tad
  biznesa procesu ir izdevigak uzreiz implementet
  kada specifiska veida (programmešanas valoda).

47
Derek Miers, Paul Harmon, The 2005 BPM Suites
Report,Process Modeling Simulation Tools Report

• Analize (define) Workflow sistemas
• Norada uz svarigajam funkcijam
• Integracija (prasme izsaukt citas sistemas),
• Automatizacija (kontroles strukturas, izveles,
  cilpas)
• Resursu parvaldiba (t.i. materiali un ari
  cilveki)
• Dažadi uzdevumu veidi (sistemas iekšiene, citu
  sistemu izsaukšana, manualas operacijas)
• Atbalstu manualu operaciju veikšanai uzsveram ari
  mes

48
BPMN vs AD

• Stephen A. White, Process Modeling Notations and
  Workflow Patterns
• BPTrends March, 2004, http//www.omg.org/bp-corner
  /pmn.htm
• Apgalvo, ka BPMN un UML AD ar laiku sapludis
  viena valoda, jo esot loti lidzigas. Mes tam
  nepiekritam, jo metamodeli ir loti dažadi
• Dažadi skaidrots (biznesa un viena sadarbibas
  partnera) procesa jedziens,
• AD ir vairak datu plusmas vadita, bet BPMN
  vairak notikumu vadita
• Howard Smith, BPM and MDA Competitors,
  Alternatives or Complementary
• Ari apgalvo lidzigi, ka UML AD un BPMN ir lidzigi
• AD ir PIM pec definicijas, bet
• Domas dalas, vai PSM jabut izpildamam, daži
  uzskata, ka PIM ir tuvaks biznesa limenim un
  tadas lietas ka iterators, vertibu pieškiršana
  PIMa nav vajadziga
• Bet, tad, lai PIMu varetu izpildit, transformejot
  uz PSMu, bus jaliek klat (parasti jaimplemente
  manuali) kaut kas papildus
• BPMN tiek uzskatita par PIM, bet dažas jomas ta
  ir specifiskaka par AD.Tai ir labak izstradata
• procesu sadarbiba
• procesu veiceju norade operacijam
• dažadu veidu procesu (iekšejie, izsaukumi uz
  arejam sistemam, manuali) izdališana

49
Business Process Definition Metamodel

• Standarts
• Business Process Definition Metamodel Revised
  Submission to BEI RFP bei/2003-01-06, Object
  Management Group (OMG), http//www.omg.org/docs/be
  i/04-01-02.pdf
• Sasaucas ar Stephen A. White, un ir dots
  vienkaršako diagrammas elementu mapings no BPMN
  uz AD,
• Nav mapojuši pašu galveno - Business
  Process/Process/Pool/Lane uz AD un tas elementiem
• Notikumu mapošana ir vienkaršota, nav nemti vera
  start/intermedia/end notikumu mapošanas atškiriba
  uz AD elementiem,
• Nav nemta vera elementu asociaciju pretejo galu
  elementu mapošana

50
Jaunakas zinas BPMN un OMG

• Endrju Votsona (Andrew Watson) 9-Nov-2005
  prezentacija "OMG s new modelling
  specifications
• norada, beidzot ari OMG ir kerušies pie biznesa
  modelešanas sakartošanas. Vinš min jomas, kas
  augsta limeni sasaucas ar musu pedejo gadu
  petijumiem
• Business motivation model (biznesa apkartne)
• Business Process Modelling Notation (dinamikas
  apraksts BPMN AD vieta)
• Semantics of Business Vocabulary Rules
  (statiskas strukturas apraksts)
• Organisational structure metamodel (beidzot!)
• Šobrid balstas uz musu veco ideju, ka BPMN un AD
  var pabazt zem vienota metamodela cepures.
• Talak paradisim, ka ar transformaciju to izdarit
  ir efektivak, jo nav vajadzigas nedabigas
  kopigas konstrukcijas

51
PIM -gt PSM workflow transformacijas

• Stephen A. White "Using BPMN to Model a BPEL
  ProcessBPMN -gt BPEL (Business Process Execution
  Language (for Web Services))
• Jean Bezivin, u.c., Applying MDA Approach to B2B
  Applications AD -gt BPEL
• Behzad Bordbar, Athanasios Staikopoulos, On
  behavioural model transformation in Web
  services,izveidojuši BPEL metamodeli, AD -gt BPEL
• Keith Mantell, From UML to BPEL, Model Driven
  Architecture in a Web services world AD -gt BPEL
• Ta ka merka valoda (BPEL) ir šaura, izmanto tika
  dalu no workflow definešanas lidzekliem (tikai
  automatiskas proceduras), iztrukst
• resursu parvaldiba
• manualu operaciju atbalsts
• Nav darbu, kas veiktu pilnvertigu (musu izpratne)
  workflow transformaciju

52
Biznesa process, aktivitašu diagramma un BMPNa
53
AD biznesa procesa profils (M2 slanis)

• Šis ir Aktivitašu diagrammas metamodela dala,
  (MOLA transformacijas avots)
• Metamodelis ir papildinats, izmantojot vajo
  paplašinašanu, t.i. izmantojot tikai stereotipus.
• Ar stereotipiem metamodelis mainits netiek -
  stereotipiem var tikai pievienot papildus
  elementarus atributus, vai mainit esošo
  asociaciju jegu, bet nevar ieviest jaunas klases
  vai asociacijas

54
BPMN metamodelis (M2 slanis)

• Šis ir BPMN metamodela dala, (MOLA
  transformacijas merkis)
• Metamodelis ir veidots pec Business Process
  Modeling Notation (BPMN), Version 1.0 - May 3,
  2004, Business Proc-ess Management Initiative
  (BPMI, http//www.bpmi.org/) vardiska apraksta

55
AD-gtBMN MOLA transformacijas fragments
AD (diagrammas) transformacija uz BPMN Business
Process un Pool
AD Partition transformacija uz BPMN Pool un
Process
56
Citas Saites

• Web Services Business Process Execution Language
  Version 2.0, Working Draft 01, December 2004,
  OASIS Open, Inc., http//www.oasis-open.org/apps/o
  rg/workgroup/wsbpel/
• Tom Baeyens, The State of Workflow, May 2004,
  http//www.theserverside.com/articles/content/Work
  flow/article.html
• Derek Miers, Paul Harmon, The 2005 BPM Suites
  Report, Version 1.0, March 15, 2005,
  http//www.bptrends.com/reports_toc_01.cfm
• Curtis Hall, Paul Harmon, The 2005 Enterprise
  Architecture,Process Modeling Simulation Tools
  Report, Version 1.0, April 28, 2005,
  http//www.bptrends.com/reports_toc_02.cfm
• Petia Wohed, et.al., Pattern-based Analysis of
  UML Activity Diagrams, http//is.tm.tue.nl/researc
  h/patterns/download/uml2patterns BETA TR.pdf
• Behzad Bordbar, Athanasios Staikopoulos, On
  behavioural model transformation in Web services,
  5th International Workshop on Conceptual Modeling
  Approaches for e-Business eCOMO'2004, November
  8-12, 2004, http//www.cs.bham.ac.uk/bxb/Papres/e
  COMO-paper-011.pdf
• Jean Bezivin, et.al., Applying MDA Approach to
  B2B Applications A Road Map, Workshop on Model
  Driven Development (WMDD 2004) at ECOOP 2004,
  Springer-Verlag, LNCS, vol. 3344, June 2004,
  http//www.sciences.univ-nantes.fr/lina/atl/www/pa
  pers/ECOOP2004bezivin.pdf
• Rational Software Architect, http//www-306.ibm.co
  m/software/awdtools/architect/swarchitect/
• Tracy Gardner, UML Modelling of Automated
  Business Processes with a Mapping to BPEL4WS, Apr
  21, 2004, http//www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/ra
  tional/library/4593.html
• Stephen A. White, Using BPMN to Model a BPEL
  Process, BPTrends, March 2005, http//www.bptrends
  .com/publicationfiles/03-05 WP Mapping BPMN to
  BPEL- White.pdf
• QVT-Merge Group. MOF 2.0 QVT RFP, Revised
  submission, version 1.0. OMG Document,
  ad/2004-04-01, QVT-Merge. http//www.omg.org/docs
  /ad/05-03-02.pdf
• A. Kalnins, J. Barzdins, E. Celms. Model
  Transformation Language MOLA. Proceedings of
  MDAFA 2004 (Model-Driven Architecture
  Foundations and Applications 2004), Linkoeping,
  Sweden, June 10-11, 2004. pp.14-28.
• ProGuide, http//www.proformacorp.com
• xBML, http//www.xbmlinnovations.com
• Celms E., A. Kalnins, L. Lace. Diagram
  definition facilities based on metamodel
  mappings. OOPSLA2003 (Workshop on
  Domain-Specific Modeling), Anaheim, California,
  USA, October 2003, pp. 23-32.

57
Turpmakie petijumi

• Modelešanas valodu metamodelu izstrade MOLA
  transformaciju pielietojumiem
• BPMN,
• ..
• Domenspecifisku modelešanas riku izstrade (uz EBM
  vai Jauna rika bazes)
• ...