AGENCY-WIDE BENEFITS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLE SIZE AND WEIGHT MANAGEMENT

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AGENCY-WIDE BENEFITS ----------------------------
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------COMMERCIAL MOTOR VEHICLESIZE AND WEIGHT
MANAGEMENT
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CURRENT CHALLENGES

• Significant Growth in CMV Traffic
• Increased congestion and delay
• Demand for larger and heavier vehicles
• Mounting stress on infrastructure
• Greater need for effective and efficient
  enforcement

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CURRENT CHALLENGES

• CMV Size and Weight Non-compliance
• Premature pavement deterioration
• Increased annual maintenance costs
• State 8 to 144 million
• National 265 million to 1.11 billion
• Costly, time-consuming infrastructure repairs
• Single events 150,000 to 350,000
• Compromised safety levels
• Traffic delays, fuel consumption, harmful
  emissions

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CURRENT CHALLENGES

• Bridge Infrastructure Deterioration
• 72,500 U.S. bridges structurally deficient
• 65.3 billion repair estimate
• Inexact methods to reduce, refine, prioritize
  actions
• Uncertainties in traffic loading
• Uncertainties in bridge response

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CURRENT CHALLENGES

• Personnel Limitations
• Inflexible fixed weigh facilities
• Significant effort expended on compliant carriers
• 1 violation capture rates on U.S. Interstates
• Labor-intensive permit review, approval, issuance
• Lack of coordination, integration, data sharing
• Planning and programming
• Enforcement
• Design and engineering

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BACKGROUND

• 2006 European Scan Tour
• Emerging technologies
• Unconventional procedures
• Novel data applications
• Innovative funding mechanisms
• Multinational harmonization

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EUROPEAN APPROACH

• Unique Partnerships
• Similar agencies of different jurisdictional
  levels
• National and regional law enforcement agencies
• Different agencies
• Transportation, law enforcement, regulatory, and
  prosecution agencies

In The Netherlands, the Ministry of Transport
funds 100 additional limited capacity National
Police Agency officers who focus 40 and 60 of
their time on weight enforcement and
congestion/incident management activities,
respectively.
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EUROPEAN APPROACH

• Technology-based Policies/Procedures
• CMV enforcement
• size
• weight
• WIM system calibration
• OS/OW vehicle permitting, routing, and monitoring
• Bridge infrastructure preservation

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EUROPEAN APPROACH

• CMV Size Enforcement
• Infrastructure preservation
• Switzerland, The Netherlands protect critical
  tunnels
• Pre-selection for manual enforcement
• Germany, combined with Toll Collect system
• Direct enforcement
• Switzerland, combined with fixed weigh facilities

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EUROPEAN APPROACH

• CMV Weight Enforcement
• Pre-selection for manual enforcement
• Various countries, supports mobile and fixed
  operations
• Enforcement resource scheduling
• France, Slovenia, The Netherlands utilize
  historic WIM data
• Preventative carrier contacts
• France, The Netherlands target habitually
  non-compliant carriers
• Bypass prevention
• France, The Netherlands support site selection,
  site level system plans

Pre-selection, enforcement resource scheduling,
and preventative carrier contacts often combined
to provide comprehensive enforcement approach.
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EUROPEAN APPROACH

• Direct enforcement
• France, The Netherlands leading efforts
• Low-speed and high-speed WIM
• Attaining sufficient WIM system accuracy levels
• Gaining metrological certification
• Modifying existing laws that require static
  measurements

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EUROPEAN APPROACH

• WIM System Calibration
• Continuous calibration
• France, The Netherlands, during scheduled
  enforcement
• Quality assurance
• The Netherlands issues QA Statement with every
  data request
• Dynamic calibration
• The Netherlands utilizes specially designed
  vehicle

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EUROPEAN APPROACH

• OS/OW Vehicle Permitting, Routing, and Monitoring
  
• Self Permitting/Routing
• Switzerland provides self-routing Website
• Bridge Safety Assessment
• France, Slovenia use measured structure response,
  traffic data
• Remote Field Verification of Permits
• Slovenia, The Netherlands compare in-field
  measurements to permit

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EUROPEAN APPROACH

• Bridge Infrastructure Preservation
• Structural/safety assessment
• Slovenia, France enhance the accuracy of bridge
  safety conclusions through direct measurements
• Load testing
• Slovenia uses soft load testing

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SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGIES

• Overheight Vehicle Detection System
• Vehicle Profiler System
• WIM Systems
• In-road
• Bridge
• Dynamic Calibration Vehicle
• Vehicle Identification System
• Advanced Routing/Permitting System
• Archived Records Database

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SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGIES

• Overheight Vehicle Detection System

Functions Detects overheight vehicles using infrared, laser sensors Alerts driver of overheight status Recommends action using static signs/flashers, audible alarms, dynamic message signs
Considerations Provides 24/7 monitoring May experience false alarms Audible alarms may not be heard by driver, may disturb area businesses/residents
Estimated Cost 25,000 - 125,000 per system/approach Varies by driver communication technologies, on-site communication requirements
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SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGIES

• Vehicle Profiler System

Functions Provides three-dimensional vehicle profile Supports pre-selection at high speeds Supports direct enforcement at low speeds
Considerations Provides 24/7 monitoring in high-speed applications May be combined with fixed weigh facilities Accuracies to 2 in. height/width, 4 in. length at 5 mph
Estimated Cost 250,000 per system
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SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGIES

• In-road WIM System

Functions Measures and records axle, gross weight using piezo quartz, piezo ceramic, fiber optic sensors
Considerations Provides 24/7 monitoring May be less accurate than traditional WIM systems Low cost supports wider implementation
Estimated Cost 9,000 - 32,500 per lane Varies by sensor type, on-site communication requirements Requires additional, ongoing maintenance with associated costs
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SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGIES

• Bridge WIM System

Functions Measures, records weight using existing structures instrumented with strain transducers/gauges Measures, records axles using traditional sensors or Nothing-on-Road/Free-of-Axle Detector (NORFAD) systems
Considerations Requires suitable bridge and location Most successful on short, stiff bridges Structural assessments require transducer calibration Calibration may require specialized expertise
Estimated Cost 100,000 - 130,000 per bridge/system Varies by sensor type, on-site communication requirements
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SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGIES

• Dynamic Calibration Vehicle

Functions Calibrates dynamic load measurements to true dynamic - rather than static - loads
Considerations May be used to calibrate traditional static weigh bridges
Estimated Cost 1.72 million for vehicle construction 6,300 per in-service day
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SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGIES

• Vehicle Identification System

Functions Cameras capture vehicle silhouette, license plate images OCR software converts license plate image to numeric data Images/data transmitted via DSRC to portable computer used by enforcement officials
Considerations Conversion of license plate images may result in errors
Estimated Cost 52,000 - 80,000 per system Varies by camera type, on-site communication requirements
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SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGIES

• Advanced Routing/Permitting System

Functions Allows drivers to self-route based on origin, destination, route restrictions
Considerations Requires supporting highway, bridge information Initial development costly due to different state fees, routing, regulations Provides 24/7 access for industry
Estimated Cost 2.0 8.3 million per statewide system
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SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGIES

• Archived Records Database

Functions Supports data-driven enforcement scheduling Supports preventative carrier contacts Supports enhanced data quality Encourages long-term performance monitoring
Considerations Requires procedures for quality control
Estimated Cost 225,000 - 300,000
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FUNCTIONAL INTERFACE
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QUESTIONS