G7 Chapter 14The Early Americas (12,000 BC - AD1000)

1
Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 17
The Early Americas The Aztec and Inca Empires The Age of Exploration Enlightenment and Revolution Enlightenment and Revolution







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G7 Chapter 14 The Early Americas (12,000
BC - AD1000)
3
G7C14 Key Terms and People
Mesoamerica maize obsidian Pacal observatories Popol Vuh
4
100
Answer

• a sharp, glasslike volcanic rock

1. Maize
2. Obsidian
3. Maya Civilization
4. Palenque
5. Maya Society

5
200
Answer

• It reached its height between about AD 250 and
  900 centered around the Yucatan Penninsula in
  Mesoamerica (present day Mexico).

1. Maize
2. Obsidian
3. Maya Civilization
4. Palenque
5. Maya Society

6
300
Answer

• corn staple crop of the Americas

1. Maize
2. Obsidian
3. Maya Civilization
4. Palenque
5. Maya Society

7
400
Answer

• Upper Class - king, priests, professional
  Warriors and merchants
• Lower Class - farmers and slaves

1. Maize
2. Obsidian
3. Maya Civilization
4. Palenque
5. Maya Society

8
500
Answer

• The ancient Maya city of ___________ was a
  major power on the border between the Maya
  highlands and lowlands. Its great temples and
  plazas were typical of the Classic Age of Maya
  civilization.

1. Maize
2. Obsidian
3. Maya Civilization
4. Palenque
5. Maya Society

9
600
Answer

• corn staple crop of the Americas

1. Maize
2. Obsidian
3. Maya Civilization
4. Palenque
5. Maya Society

10
700
Answer

• Upper Class - king, priests, professional
  Warriors and merchants
• Lower Class - farmers and slaves

1. Maize
2. Obsidian
3. Maya Civilization
4. Palenque
5. Maya Society

11
800
Answer

• It reached its height between about AD 250 and
  900 centered around the Yucatan Penninsula in
  Mesoamerica (present day Mexico).

1. Maize
2. Obsidian
3. Maya Civilization
4. Palenque
5. Maya Society

12
900
Answer

• a sharp, glasslike volcanic rock

1. Maize
2. Obsidian
3. Maya Civilization
4. Palenque
5. Maya Society

13
1000
Answer

• The ancient Maya city of ___________ was a
  major power on the border between the Maya
  highlands and lowlands. Its great temples and
  plazas were typical of the Classic Age of Maya
  civilization.

1. Maize
2. Obsidian
3. Maya Civilization
4. Palenque
5. Maya Society

14
G7 Chapter 15 The Aztec and Inca Empires
(1325-1537)
15
G7C15 Key Terms and People
causeways conquistadors Hernan Cortes Moxtezuma II Codex Pachacuti Quechua llamas Atahualpa Francisco Pizarro masonry
16
100
Answer

• It covered half the territory of present day
  Mexico.

1. The Aztec Empire 6. Aztec Society
2. Tenochtitlan 7. The Inca Empire
3. Conquistadors 8. Atahualpa
4. Hernan Cortes 9. Francisco Pizarro
5. Moctezuma 10. Inca Society

17
200
Answer

• It covered the South American western coast
  from the north to the south along the Andes
  mountain ranges.

1. The Aztec Empire 6. Aztec Society
2. Tenochtitlan 7. The Inca Empire
3. Conquistadors 8. Atahualpa
4. Hernan Cortes 9. Francisco Pizarro
5. Moctezuma 10. Inca Society

18
300
Answer

• 14851547 - After arriving on the coast of
  Mexico, he burned his ships so his men couldnt
  return home. They had no choice but to stay and
  fight with him. In the end they conquered the
  Aztecs, partly due to his leadership and
  determination to find gold. Also, the Spanish
  had a huge advantage by having guns and the
  Aztecs only having arrows.

1. The Aztec Empire 6. Aztec Society
2. Tenochtitlan 7. The Inca Empire
3. Conquistadors 8. Atahualpa
4. Hernan Cortes 9. Francisco Pizarro
5. Moctezuma 10. Inca Society

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400
Answer

• Kings ruled the empire and lived in luxury.
  Nobles served as important officials, such as tax
  collectors and judges. Priests performed many
  important duties, such as keeping calendars.
  Warriors fought to conquer other peoples and
  capture victims for sacrifice. Merchants traded
  goods like food, clothing, and tools. At the
  bottom of society, farmers and slaves were left.
  Slaves who disobeyed orders were sacrificed to
  the gods.

1. The Aztec Empire 6. Aztec Society
2. Tenochtitlan 7. The Inca Empire
3. Conquistadors 8. Atahualpa
4. Hernan Cortes 9. Francisco Pizarro
5. Moctezuma 10. Inca Society

20
500
Answer

• This was the capital of the Aztec Empire. To
  build this amazing city, the Aztecs had to
  overcome many geographical challenges.
• The citys island location made travel and
  trade difficult. To make it easier to get to and
  from their city, the Aztecs built three wide
  causewaysraised roads across water or wet
  groundto connect the island to the shore. The
  causeways were made of rocks covered with dirt.
• It was surrounded by water, but the water was
  undrinkable. As a result, the Aztecs built a
  stone aqueduct, or channel, to bring fresh water
  to the city.

1. The Aztec Empire 6. Aztec Society
2. Tenochtitlan 7. The Inca Empire
3. Conquistadors 8. Atahualpa
4. Hernan Cortes 9. Francisco Pizarro
5. Moctezuma 10. Inca Society

21
600
Answer

• Spanish soldiers in the Americas who explored
  new lands, searched for gold and silver, and
  tried to spread Christianity.

1. The Aztec Empire 6. Aztec Society
2. Tenochtitlan 7. The Inca Empire
3. Conquistadors 8. Atahualpa
4. Hernan Cortes 9. Francisco Pizarro
5. Moctezuma 10. Inca Society

22
700
Answer

• The king, priests, and government officials
  made up the upper class.
• For the lower class, most were farmers,
  artisans, or servants. There were no slaves in
  Inca society. Lower-class men and women farmed on
  government lands, served in the army, worked in
  mines, and built roads.
• Parents taught their children how to work, so
  most children didnt go to school. But some
  carefully chosen young girls did go to school to
  learn weaving, cooking, and religion. Then they
  were sent to serve the king or work in the temple
  in Cuzco.
• Lower-class Incas lived outside Cuzco in small
  houses. By law they had to wear plain clothes.
  Also, they couldnt own more goods than they
  needed.

1. The Aztec Empire 6. Aztec Society
2. Tenochtitlan 7. The Inca Empire
3. Conquistadors 8. Atahualpa
4. Hernan Cortes 9. Francisco Pizarro
5. Moctezuma 10. Inca Society

23
800
Answer

• 14661520 - He ruled the Aztec Empire at its
  height, but he also contributed to its downfall.
  The tribute he demanded from neighboring tribes
  made the Aztecs unpopular. In addition, his
  belief that Cortés was Quetzalcoatl allowed
  Cortés to capture him and eventually conquer the
  empire.

1. The Aztec Empire 6. Aztec Society
2. Tenochtitlan 7. The Inca Empire
3. Conquistadors 8. Atahualpa
4. Hernan Cortes 9. Francisco Pizarro
5. Moctezuma 10. Inca Society

24
900
Answer

• 15021533 - He was the last Inca king. He was
  brave and popular with the Inca army, but he
  didnt rule for long. A Spanish friar offered him
  a religious book to convince him he should accept
  Christianity. He held the book to his ear and
  listened to it. When the book didnt speak, he
  threw it on the ground. The Spaniards used this
  as a reason to attacks.

1. The Aztec Empire 6. Aztec Society
2. Tenochtitlan 7. The Inca Empire
3. Conquistadors 8. Atahualpa
4. Hernan Cortes 9. Francisco Pizarro
5. Moctezuma 10. Inca Society

25
1000
Answer

• 14751541 - He organized expeditions to explore
  the west coast of South America. His first two
  trips were mostly unsuccessful. But on his third
  trip, his luck changed. With only about 180 men,
  he conquered the Inca Empire, which had been
  weakened by disease and civil war. In 1535 he
  founded Lima, the capital of modern Peru.

1. The Aztec Empire 6. Aztec Society
2. Tenochtitlan 7. The Inca Empire
3. Conquistadors 8. Atahualpa
4. Hernan Cortes 9. Francisco Pizarro
5. Moctezuma 10. Inca Society

26
G7 Chapter 16 The Age of Exploration
(1400-1650)
27
G7C16 Key Terms and People
Henry the Navigator Vasco de Gama Christopher Columbus Ferdinand Magellan circumnavigate Francis Drake Spanish Armada Columbian Exchange plantations Bartolome de las Casas racism mercantilism balance of trade cottage industry atlas capitalism market economy
28
100
Answer

• (c. 14801521) Portuguese explorer who sailed
  for Spain, his crew was the first to
  circumnavigate (go all the way around) the globe.

1. Christopher Columbus
2. Ferdinand Magellan
3. The Columbian Exchange
4. Mercantilism
5. Capitalism

29
200
Answer

• This was the process of plants and animals that
  were traded from the Old World to the New World
  and from the New World to the Old World.

1. Christopher Columbus
2. Ferdinand Magellan
3. The Columbian Exchange
4. Mercantilism
5. Capitalism

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300
Answer

• (14511506) Italian sailor supported by the
  rulers of Spain, he reached the Americas in 1492.

1. Christopher Columbus
2. Ferdinand Magellan
3. The Columbian Exchange
4. Mercantilism
5. Capitalism

31
400
Answer

• an economic system in which individuals and
  private businesses run most industries

1. Christopher Columbus
2. Ferdinand Magellan
3. The Columbian Exchange
4. Mercantilism
5. Capitalism

32
500
Answer

• a system in which a government controls all
  economic activity in a country and its colonies
  to make the government stronger and richer

1. Christopher Columbus
2. Ferdinand Magellan
3. The Columbian Exchange
4. Mercantilism
5. Capitalism

33
600
Answer

• (14511506) Italian sailor supported by the
  rulers of Spain, he reached the Americas in 1492.

1. Christopher Columbus
2. Ferdinand Magellan
3. The Columbian Exchange
4. Mercantilism
5. Capitalism

34
700
Answer

• (c. 14801521) Portuguese explorer who sailed
  for Spain, his crew was the first to
  circumnavigate (go all the way around) the globe.

1. Christopher Columbus
2. Ferdinand Magellan
3. The Columbian Exchange
4. Mercantilism
5. Capitalism

35
800
Answer

• an economic system in which individuals and
  private businesses run most industries

1. Christopher Columbus
2. Ferdinand Magellan
3. The Columbian Exchange
4. Mercantilism
5. Capitalism

36
900
Answer

• a system in which a government controls all
  economic activity in a country and its colonies
  to make the government stronger and richer

1. Christopher Columbus
2. Ferdinand Magellan
3. The Columbian Exchange
4. Mercantilism
5. Capitalism

37
1000
Answer

• This was the process of plants and animals
  that were traded from the Old World to the New
  World and from the New World to the Old World.

1. Christopher Columbus
2. Ferdinand Magellan
3. The Columbian Exchange
4. Mercantilism
5. Capitalism

38
G7 Chapter 17 Enlightenment and Revolution
(1642-1800)
39
G7C17 Key Terms and People
enlightenment secular Voltaire salon Mary Wollstonecraft John Locke natural rights Charles-Louis Montesquieu Jean-Jacques Rousseau popular sovereignty Benjamin Franklin Thomas Jefferson English Bill of Rights Declaration of Independence Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
40
100
Answer

• 16941778 ___________ is the pen name of the
  French philosopher and author François-Marie
  Arouet. He used his wit, intelligence, and sense
  of justice to poke fun at religious intolerance.
  _________ skill and bold ideas made him a popular
  writer. In his writings he argued that the
  purpose of life is the pursuit of human happiness
  through progress in science and the arts.

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural Rights 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

41
200
Answer

• the idea that every man should have the right to
  be able to think and to worship as they please

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural Rights 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

42
300
Answer

• (17061790) American colonial leader, he argued
  that the British government had no right to tax
  the colonists because they had no representation
  in Parliament. He is the 100 bill man!

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural Rights 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

43
400
Answer

• When did he live? 16321704
• Where did he live? England and the Netherlands
• What did he do? He worked as a professor,
  physician, and government official. He wrote
  about the human mind, science, government,
  religion, and other topics.
• Why is he important? He believed in the right of
  common people to think and worship as they
  pleased and to own property. He also had great
  faith in science and peoples basic goodness. Not
  everyone liked his ideas. At one point he fled to
  Holland to avoid arrest by political enemies. His
  ideas have inspired political reforms in the West
  for some 300 years.

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural Rights 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

44
500
Answer

• (17121778) French philosopher, he believed in
  popular sovereignty and the social contract
  between citizens and their governments.

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural RIghts 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

45
600
Answer

• The idea that governments should express the
  will of the people.

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural Rights 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

46
700
Answer

• This was a period during the 1600s and 1700s
  when reason was used to guide peoples thoughts
  about society, politics, and philosophy.

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural Rights 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

47
800
Answer

• A document approved in 1689 that listed rights
  for Parliament and the English people and drew on
  the principles of the Magna Carta.

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural Rights 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

48
900
Answer

• (16891755) French Enlightenment thinker, he
  believed that government should be divided into
  separate branches to protect peoples freedom.

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural Rights 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

49
1000
Answer

• Government is separated into branches to
  balance authority.

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural Rights 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

50
G7 Chapter 17 Enlightenment and Revolution
(1642-1800)
51
G7C17 Key Terms and People
enlightenment secular Voltaire salon Mary Wollstonecraft John Locke natural rights Charles-Louis Montesquieu Jean-Jacques Rousseau popular sovereignty Benjamin Franklin Thomas Jefferson English Bill of Rights Declaration of Independence Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen
52
100
Answer

• (16891755) French Enlightenment thinker, he
  believed that government should be divided into
  separate branches to protect peoples freedom.

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural Rights 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

53
200
Answer

• Government is separated into branches to balance
  authority.

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural Rights 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

54
300
Answer

• This was a period during the 1600s and 1700s
  when reason was used to guide peoples thoughts
  about society, politics, and philosophy.

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural Rights 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

55
400
Answer

• The idea that governments should express the
  will of the people.

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural Rights 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

56
500
Answer

• (17121778) French philosopher, he believed in
  popular sovereignty and the social contract
  between citizens and their governments.

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural Rights 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

57
600
Answer

• When did he live? 16321704
• Where did he live? England and the Netherlands
• What did he do? He worked as a professor,
  physician, and government official. He wrote
  about the human mind, science, government,
  religion, and other topics.
• Why is he important? He believed in the right of
  common people to think and worship as they
  pleased and to own property. He also had great
  faith in science and peoples basic goodness. Not
  everyone liked his ideas. At one point he fled to
  Holland to avoid arrest by political enemies. His
  ideas have inspired political reforms in the West
  for some 300 years.

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural Rights 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

58
700
Answer

• (17061790) American colonial leader, he
  argued that the British government had no right
  to tax the colonists because they had no
  representation in Parliament. He is the 100
  bill man!

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural Rights 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

59
800
Answer

• the idea that every man should have the right to
  be able to think and to worship as they please

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural Rights 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

60
900
Answer

• the idea that every man should have the right
  to be able to think and to worship as they please

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural Rights 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

61
1000
Answer

• 16941778 ___________ is the pen name of the
  French philosopher and author François-Marie
  Arouet. He used his wit, intelligence, and sense
  of justice to poke fun at religious intolerance.
  _________ skill and bold ideas made him a popular
  writer. In his writings he argued that the
  purpose of life is the pursuit of human happiness
  through progress in science and the arts.

1. Enlightenment 6. Separation of Powers
2. Voltaire 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
3. John Locke 8. Popular Sovereignty
4. Natural Rights 9. Benjamin Franklin
5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu 10. English Bill of
   Rights

62
Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 17
The Early Americas The Aztec and Inca Empires The Age of Exploration Enlightenment and Revolution Enlightenment and Revolution
100 - 2 100 - 1 100 - 2 100 - 2 100 - 5
200 - 3 200 - 7 200 - 3 200 - 4 200 - 6
300 - 1 300 - 4 300 - 1 300 - 9 300 - 1
400 - 5 400 - 6 400 - 5 400 - 3 400 - 8
500 - 4 500 - 2 500 - 4 500 - 7 500 - 7
600 - 1 600 - 3 600 - 1 600 - 8 600 - 3

700 - 5 700 - 10 700 - 2 700 - 1 700 - 9
800 - 3 800 - 5 800 - 5 800 - 10 800 - 4
900 - 2 900 - 8 900 - 4 900 - 5 900 - 4
1000 - 4 1000 - 9 1000 - 3 1000 - 6 1000 - 2
63
100

• 2. Obsidian

64
200

• 3. Maya civilization

65
300

• 1. Maize

66
400

• 5. Maya Society

67
500

• 4. Palenque

68
600

• 1. Maize

69
700

• 5. Maya Society

70
800

• 3. Maya Civilization

71
900

• 2. Obsidian

72
1000

• 4. Palenque

73
100

• 1. The Aztec Empire

74
200

• 7. The Inca Empire

75
300

• 4. Hernan Cortes

76
400

• 6. Aztec Society

77
500

• 2. Tenochititlan

78
600

• 3. Conquistadores

79
700

• 10. Inca Society

80
800

• 5. Moctezuma II

81
900

• 8. Atahualpa

82
1000

• 9. Francisco Pizarro

83
100

• 2. Ferdinand Magellan

84
200

• 3. The Columbian Exchange

85
300

• 1. Christopher Columbus

86
400

• 5. Capitalism

87
500

• 4. Mercantilism

88
600

• 1. Christopher Columbus

89
700

• 2. Ferdinand Magellan

90
800

• 5. Capitalism

91
900

• 4. Mercantilism

92
1000

• 3. The Columbian Exchange

93
100

• 2. Voltaire

94
200

• 4. Natural Rights

95
300

• 9. Benjamin Franklin

96
400

• 3. John Locke

97
500

• 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau

98
600

• 8. Popular Sovereignty

99
700

• 1. Enlightenment

100
800

• 10. English Bill of Rights

101
900

• 5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu

102
1000

• 6. Separation of Powers

103
100

• 5. Charles-Louis Montesuieu

104
200

• 6. Separation of Powers

105
300

• 1. Enlightenment

106
400

• 8. Popular Sovereignty

107
500

• 7. Jean-Jacques Rousseau

108
600

• 3. John Locke

109
700

• 9. Benjamin Franklin

110
800

• 4. Natural Rights

111
900

• 4. Natural Rights

112
1000

• 2. Voltaire