IS 201 Principle of Information Systems

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IS 201 Principle of Information Systems

• Sec 81
• Term 2/ 2544
• ??? ??? 1

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MANAGING THE DIGITAL FIRM
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BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT

• GLOBALIZATION
• INDUSTRIAL ECONOMIES
• TRANSFORMATION OF THE ENTERPRISE
• EMERGENCE OF THE DIGITAL FIRM

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GLOBALIZATION

• MANAGEMENT CONTROL
• COMPETITION IN WORLD MARKETS
• GLOBAL WORK GROUPS
• GLOBAL DELIVERY SYSTEMS

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INDUSTRIAL ECONOMIES

• KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMIES
• PRODUCTIVITY
• NEW PRODUCTS SERVICES
• KNOWLEDGE AS AN ASSET
• TIME-BASED COMPETITION
• SHORTER PRODUCT LIFE
• TURBULENT ENVIRONMENT
• LIMITED EMPLOYEE KNOWLEDGE BASE

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TRANSFORMATION OF ENTERPRISE

• FLATTENING
• DECENTRALIZATION
• FLEXIBILITY
• LOCATION INDEPENDENCE
• LOW TRANSACTION COSTS
• EMPOWERMENT
• COLLABORATIVE WORK

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EMERGENCE OF THE DIGITAL FIRM

• DIGITALLY-ENABLED RELATIONSHIPS WITH CUSTOMERS,
  SUPPLIERS, EMPLOYEES
• CORE BUSINESS PROCESSES VIA DIGITAL NETWORKS
• DIGITAL MANAGEMENT OF KEY ASSETS
• RAPID SENSING RESPONDING TO CHANGE

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ELECTRONIC COMMERCE

• INTERNET LINKS BUYERS, SELLERS
• LOWERS TRANSACTION COSTS
• GOODS SERVICES ,ADVERTISED, BOUGHT, EXCHANGED
  WORLDWIDE
• BUSINESS-TO-BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS INCREASING

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ELECTRONIC BUSINESS

• INTRANET BUSINESS BUILDS PRIVATE, SECURE NETWORK
• E-MAIL, WEB DOCUMENTS, GROUP SOFTWARE EXTENDS
  EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION CONTROL
• VIRTUAL ORGANIZATION

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SCOPE OF INFO SYSTEMS

• 1950s TECHNICAL CHANGES
• 60s-70s MANAGERIAL CONTROL
• 80s-90s INSTITUTIONAL CORE ACTIVITIES
• GROWING IMPORTANCE

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THE CHANGING MANAGEMENT PROCESS

• ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP)
• ELECTRONIC COMMERCE
• ELECTRONIC BUSINESS
• ELECTRONIC MARKET

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WHAT YOU CAN DO ON THE INTERNET

• COMMUNICATE COLLABORATE
• ACCESS INFORMATION
• DISCUSS
• OBTAIN INFORMATION
• ENTERTAIN
• TRANSACT BUSINESS

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VIRTUAL ORGANIZATION
CORE COMPANY
FINANCE COMPANY
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SUPPLY-CHAIN MANAGEMENT
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SYSTEM
INPUT
OUTPUT
PROCESS
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WHAT IS AN INFORMATION SYSTEMS ?
Interrelated components working together to
collect, process, store, and disseminate
information to support decision making,
coordination, control, analysis, and
visualization in an organization.
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INFORMATION SYSTEM
Information
Data
INPUT
OUTPUT
PROCESS
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INFORMATION
Data that have been shaped into a form that is
meaningful and useful to human beings.
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DATA
Streams of raw facts representing events
occurring in organization or the physical
environment before they have been organized and
arranged into a form that people can understand
and use.
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INPUT
The capture or collection of raw data from within
the organization or from its external environment
for processing in an information system.
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PROCESSING
The conversion, manipulation, and analysis of
raw input into a form that is more meaningful to
humans.
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OUTPUT
The distribution of processed information to the
people who will use it or to the activities for
which it will be used.
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FEEDBACK
Output that is returned to the appropriate members
of the organization to help them evaluate or
correct input.
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COMPUTER-BASEDINFORMATION SYSTEMS(CBIS)
Information systems that rely on
computer hardware and software for processing and
disseminating information.
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FUNCTIONS OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM
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• DATA
• INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
• Computer hardware
• Software
• Communications
• USER
• IS Personnel
• PROCEDURE

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TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
KIND OF SYSTEM GROUPS
SERVED
STRATEGIC LEVEL

SENIOR MANAGERS
MANAGEMENT LEVEL

MIDDLE MANAGERS
KNOWLEDGE LEVEL

KNOWLEDGE


DATA WORKERS
OPERATIONAL

OPERATIONAL LEVEL


MANAGERS
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MAJOR TYPES OF SYSTEMS

• EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEMS (ESS)
• DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS)
• MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS (MIS)
• KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS (KWS)
• OFFICE AUTOMATION SYSTEMS (OAS)
• TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEMS (TPS)

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TPS DATA FOR MIS APPLICATIONS
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INTERRELATIONSHIPS AMONG SYSTEMS
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TRADITIONAL VIEW OF SYSTEMS

• WITHIN THE BUSINESS There are functions, each
  having its uses of information systems
• OUTSIDE THE ORGANIZATIONS BOUNDARIES There are
  customers and vendors
• FUNCTIONS TEND TO WORK IN ISOLATION

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ENTERPRISE SYSTEM
Vendors
Customers
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STRATEGIC ROLE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

• STRATEGIC INFO SYSTEM
• CAN CHANGE GOALS, OPERATIONS
• PRODUCTS, SERVICES
• ENVIRONMENT
• TO GAIN COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE