Food Insecurity and Vulnerability Information and Mapping System (FIVIMS) for Asia

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Food Insecurity and Vulnerability Information and
Mapping System (FIVIMS) for Asia
Highlights of FIVIMS Work under the Asia FIVIMS
Trust Fund Project GCP/RAS/170/JPN Naoki
Minamiguchi Vulnerability Analysis
Coordinator FAO Regional Office for Asia and the
Pacific, Bangkok 1 December 2003

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What is a fivims ?
Any system or network of systems that assembles,
manages, analyses and disseminates information
about people who are food insecure and/or
malnourished, or are at risk of becoming food
insecure and malnourished.
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FIVIMS Structures

• Inter-Agency Working Group (IAWG)
• Members include UN agencies, World Bank,
  bilateral aid agencies, NGOs, regional groups
• FIVIMS Secretariat at FAO, Rome
• National FIVIMS Partners in Asia and the Pacific
• FIVIMS Focal Points
• National FIVIMS Secretariats
• Inter-Ministerial FIVIMS Committees
• Technical Sub-Committees
• Core Analyst Groups

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Global FIVIMS Objectives

• Increase attention on structural and acute food
  insecurity and malnutrition issues (advocacy)
• Disseminate inter-agency consensus on best
  practices and methodological approaches
• Facilitate collaboration/co-ordination and
  information sharing among government
  institutions, civil society organisations and
  development partners
• Improve performance of national and sub-national
  Food Security (FS) information systems, and the
  utilisation of FS information

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National FIVIMS Principles

• National, and appropriate sub-national,
  information coverage of food security,
  vulnerability and malnutrition
• National ownership
• Basic questions WHO is food insecure, vulnerable
  and/or malnourished? WHERE are they located? WHY
  are they food insecure, vulnerable and/or
  malnourished? HOW MANY?
• Coordinated cross-sectoral coverage indicators
  on food availability, access (poverty), health,
  care, nutritional status
• Information produced and disseminated is
  effectively used by decision makers and action
  programmes
• Valid, timely, relevant and accessible
  information allows better decision-making and
  policy formulation
• Monitor progress towards food security, poverty
  reduction, and sustainable development goals and
  targets.

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National FIVIMS Principles

• National, and appropriate sub-national,
  information coverage of food security,
  vulnerability and malnutrition
• National ownership
• Basic questions WHO is food insecure, vulnerable
  and/or malnourished? WHERE are they located? WHY
  are they food insecure, vulnerable and/or
  malnourished? HOW MANY?
• Coordinated cross-sectoral coverage indicators
  on food availability, access (poverty), health,
  care, nutritional status
• Information produced and disseminated is
  effectively used by decision makers and action
  programmes
• Valid, timely, relevant and accessible
  information allows better decision-making and
  policy formulation
• Monitor progress towards food security, poverty
  reduction, and sustainable development goals and
  targets.

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Projects at National Level

• - FAO TCP Project on FIVIMS
• India (and a request for assistance to Myanmar)
• - Japan-funded Asia FIVIMS Trust Fund Project
  GCP/RAS/170/JPN
• Bangladesh, Cambodia, Philippines, Sri Lanka
  Thailand
• - EC-Funded FIVIMS Project "Supporting Pilot
  Applications of the FIVIMS initiative in four
  Less Developed Countries and in four Small Island
  Developing States"
• Samoa
• - Strengthening Information Systems to Guide
  Action Targeting the Poor and Food Insecure and
  Monitoring Progress towards the MDGs
  FNPP/GLO/001/NET STO4
• Bangladesh Cambodia
• - Strengthening National Food Security
  Information System GCP/VIE/024/ITA
• Viet Nam

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Regional Initiative
- Regional Expert Consultation of the
Asia-Pacific Network for Food and Nutrition
(ANFN) In 1999, 2000 2002, ANFN meetings
focused on reviewing and strengthening the
ongoing National FIVIMS initiative in the
countries in the Region - Establishment of the
ASEAN Food Security Information System (AFSIS)
Implemented by the ASEAN Secretariat linked
with FIVIMS FAOs direct support to AFSIS -
Asia FIVIMS Trust Fund Project
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Four Main Areas of Projects Activities

• Support to 5 selected countries
• - Cambodia, Philippines, Thailand, Sri Lanka
  (and Bangladesh)
• Institutional Establishment
• Indicators, Methodologies and Vulnerability
  Assessments
• Information Acquisition and Map Data Development
• Information System Development/Enhancement

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Four Main Areas of Projects Activities

• Support to 5 selected countries
• - Cambodia, Philippines, Thailand, Sri Lanka
  (and Bangladesh)
• Institutional Establishment
• Indicators, Methodologies and Vulnerability
  Assessments
• Information Acquisition and Map Data Development
• Information System Development/Enhancement

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Institutional Establishment

• Objective Formalize/Operationalize FIVIMS in the
  National Development and Poverty Alleviation
  Context
• CAMBODIA
• Establishment of National FIVIMS Committee,
  Technical Subcommittee and FIVIMS Secretariat
• FIVIMS Core Analyst Group
• FIVIMS Network
• Manual of Operations
• Linkage with the MDGs and PRSP Processes

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Institutional Establishment

• Objective Formalize/Operationalize FIVIMS in the
  National Development and Poverty Alleviation
  Context
• CAMBODIA
• Establishment of National FIVIMS Committee,
  Technical Subcommittee and FIVIMS Secretariat
• FIVIMS Core Analyst Group
• FIVIMS Network
• Manual of Operations
• Linkage with the MDGs and PRSP Processes

WORKHORSES !!
Advisory Group including NGOs
Defining How to do FIVIMS
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Four Main Areas of Projects Activities

• Support to 5 selected countries
• - Cambodia, Philippines, Thailand, Sri Lanka
  (and Bangladesh)
• Institutional Establishment
• Indicators, Methodologies and Vulnerability
  Assessments
• Information Acquisition and Map Data Development
• Information System Development/Enhancement

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Identifying Vulnerable Areas Populations
Indicators to Identify Vulnerable Provinces in
Thailand
(A) FOOD INSECURITY AND NUTRITION OUTCOMES

• Low birth weight (LBW)
• PEM for under-5 children (Thai reference median)
• Anaemia during pregnancy
• Per capita food consumption

Vulnerability Risks Coping Capacity
(B) Other RISK FACTORS and COPING MECHANISM

• Socio-economic demographic factors
• Socio-cultural condition educational factors
• Food production, environmental conditions and
  other risks factors

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Identifying Vulnerable Areas Populations
Expenditure Income Balance - income sufficiency
for expenditure
NSO Socio-economic Survey considers income
sufficiency for expenditure a good indicator of
vulnerability in Thailand. Thailand is regularly
monitoring provinces where expenditure exceeds
income.
Data Source and Availability National Statistics
Office (NSO) conducts a Household Socio-Economic
Survey every two years
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Identifying Vulnerable Areas Populations
Expenditure Income Balance - income sufficiency
for expenditure
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Identifying Vulnerable Areas Populations
Prevalence of PEM or Underweight (6 m. - 5 yrs
old) Trend 1996-98
Weight-for-age is an outcome of both short and
long-term food shortages or another form of
vulnerability. Therefore, weight-for-age of
under-5 children is recommended one of the main
variables for the Philippine FIVIMS
Data Source National Nutrition Surveys Food and
Nutrition Research Institute Department of
Science and Technology
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Identifying Vulnerable Areas Populations
Dropout Rate (Primary Education)
Families in economic crisis tend to take their
working age children out from school to cut
family expenses and to increase income. When
households face with financial distress, they
usually limit consumption and cut expenses, while
work age children in secondary school often have
to leave school to reduce family expenses and
help earn incomes.
Data Source Department of Education, Culture and
Sports (DECS)
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Identifying Vulnerable Areas Populations
Vulnerable Provinces in Thailand
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Identifying Vulnerable Areas Populations
Vulnerable Areas by Province (Philippines)
77 provinces (excluding NCR) were classified into
9 groups of provinces according to the level of
vulnerability to food insecurity. 38 provinces
could be considered vulnerable due to the
concomitance of different factors contributing to
their vulnerabilities.
V Vulnerable NotV Not Vulnerable Ave Average
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Identifying Vulnerable Areas Populations
However, more disaggregated or lower level
analysis is required
? to better answer the FIVIMS questions
who, where, why, how many ? exclusion and
inclusion problem ? to characterise/classif
y households according to food insecurity and
vulnerability typologies By utilizing household
surveys and census data where applicable for
in-depth VA and VGP.
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Identifying Vulnerable Areas Populations
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Four Main Areas of Projects Activities

• Support to 5 selected countries
• - Cambodia, Philippines, Thailand, Sri Lanka
  (and Bangladesh)
• Institutional Establishment
• Indicators, Methodologies and Vulnerability
  Assessments
• Information Acquisition and Map Data Development
• Information System Development/Enhancement

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Disaster Information in FIVIMS
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Disaster Information in FIVIMS
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Four Main Areas of Projects Activities

• Support to 5 selected countries
• - Cambodia, Philippines, Thailand, Sri Lanka
  (and Bangladesh)
• Institutional Establishment
• Indicators, Methodologies and Vulnerability
  Assessments
• Information Acquisition and Map Data Development
• Information System Development/Enhancement

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FIVIMS Tools

• Stand-alone Key Indicators Mapping System (KIMS)
  Software
• for PC users
• Web-based Key Indicators Data System (KIDS)
• Dynamic FIVIMS Data Mapping, Management and
  Dissemination System (www.asiafivims.net)

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Applications of Asia KIDS
--- FAO and non-FAO web sites using the Asia KIDS
technologies ---
TEMS - Terrestrial Ecosystem Monitoring
Sites url http//www.fao.org/gtos/tems/maps.jsp
Status On line GLiPHA - Global Livestock
Production and Health Atlas url
http//www.fao.org/ag/aga/glipha/index.jsp
Status Online WHO - WHO Global Database on Body
Mass Index url http//www.who.int/bmi/index.jsp
Status Online FIGIS - Fisheries Global
Information System url http//www.fao.org/fi/fi
gis/index.jsp Status in production WIEWS -
World Information and Early Warning System on
Plant Genetic Resources for Food and
Agriculture url http//apps3.fao.org/wiews/
Status in production
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More Information on FIVIMS?
www.fivims.net www.asiafivims.net
fivims-secretariat_at_fao.org