Some Maddening Facts About Aggression

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Some Maddening Facts About Aggression

• Lincoln Garfield
  McKinley Kennedy

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Some Maddening Facts About Aggression
Jackson T. Roosevelt
F. Roosevelt

Truman Ford
Reagan
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Eye For An Eye New Application For An Old Rule?
?

African Embassies Afghan Camps
WTC 08-07-98
08-20-98 09-11-01
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Eye For An Eye New Application For An Old Rule?

Khadafi
Lockerbie 1986
1988
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Eye For An Eye New Application For An Old Rule?

?

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Domestic Violence

How often does it occur ?
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Nuclear War

How many times must you be able to destroy all
life on Earth?
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The Most Destructive War

Nanking Stalingrad
Normandy
World War II-55 or 130 Million Deaths
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Somme Offensive 1916

British and French Gain 12 Kilometers Casualties
British (420,000), French (200,000), Germans
(500,000)
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The Cost of War

Iraqi Tank Predator UAV
Stinger Missile
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Holocaust

• Six million Jews (67 of Europes population)
  were exterminated
• Others Roma, mentally retarded, mentally
  disturbed, 3 million Soviet POWs, homosexuals,
  Jehovahs Witnesses, Communists, Socialists

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Demise of Native Americans

From Roanoke to Wounded Knee
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Historys Greatest Murderer

Mao Zedong
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Media And Violence High School Students

Columbine Shootings
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Media And Violence Terrorism

Who Benefits From These Images ?
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The Cost Of Virulent Political Rhetoric

Congresswoman Giffords
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Guns
Canada
US US/Can Murders
2.0 7.6 3.8 x Murders with
Firearms 0.6 5.2 8.7
x Murders with Handguns 0.3 4.6
15.0 x Murders without Firearms 1.4 2.4
1.7 x Per 100,000 Population

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US Soft On Crime ?
Prisoners (Per 100000) Population
US 700
Russia 635
Belize 460 South Africa
405 Mexico
145 UK 125
Egypt 120 Canada
110 Australia
110 France 75 Japan
45 India
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Equal Justice For All Who Goes To Prison ?

• Justice Department reports that one in eight
  black men in their 20s or early 30s were behind
  bars last year, compared with 1 in 63 white men.
• 72-87 of those in prison are functionally
  illiterate. As the saying goes "If you think
  Education is expensive, Try ignorance"......
• In 1980, about 40,000 Americans were locked up
  for drugs-only offenses. Now the number is
  450,000, three-fourths of them black or Latino,
  though drug use is no higher in those groups than
  among whites.

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Terrorism

The response of the weak
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The Likelihood of Death Per Year in the US
(Averaged Over the Last Decade)
Pneumonia 1 in
4,500 Suicide 1 in
9,200 Murder 1 in
14,000 Automobile Accident 1 in
6,500 Domestic Terrorism 1 in 800,000

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My Dog

Fozzie Is Hung Up On Paper
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Salem Witch Trials

Young Girls And Hostility To Newcomers
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Holocaust

Hitler And German Poverty After World War I
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Recent News Or Just

Mental Imbalance And A Hostile Political
Environment
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A Replay Of An Old Story

Gabby Giffords
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Almost All Behavior Is Due To An Interaction

Between The Individual And Social Environment
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Freud

He Who Is At So Many Beginnings
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Three Influences on Freud

Judaism Darwin
World War I
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Freuds Theory of Instincts

• Life Instincts Eros and libido
• How the life instincts work
• The Death Instincts Thanatos
• How the death instincts work
• Conflict of life and death instinct

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Catharsis

Release of Instinctual Energy
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Konrad Lorenz and Ethology

Imprinting
On Aggression
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Aggression in Nonhuman Animals

• Often involves territoriality
• 1) Territory holders get to reproduce
• 2) Get to use resources in territory
• Sexual selection

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Aggression in Nonhumans And Humans

• Aggression in nonhumans often strengthens the
  species
• Aggression in nonhumans often regulates
  population
• Aggression in humans could destroy life on Earth
• What went wrong?

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Aggression Between Wolves

• How long would it take a wolf to kill another
  wolf?
• Why do wolves seldom kill other wolves?
• Aggression inhibiting signals evolve over time

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Aggression Between Hummingbirds

• Would hummingbirds have strong or weak aggression
  inhibiting signals? Why?
• With respect to aggression inhibiting signals are
  humans more like wolves or more like
  hummingbirds? Why?

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Humans Aggression Inhibiting Signals

• How long would it take a human to kill another
  human with his or her bare hands?
• Until recently humans were relatively harmless
  omnivores.
• However, recently in our evolutionary history
  human tool use greatly expanded.

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Humans Aggression Inhibiting Signals

• Humans became the master killer of the planet
• Humans did not have time to evolve strong
  aggression inhibiting stimuli
• As a result, aggression largely uncontrolled by
  inhibiting signals has a destructive impact on
  the survival of the species.

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Distance Aggression And Inhibiting Signals

• Persons engaged in hand-to-hand combat
• Humans did not have time to evolve strong
  aggression inhibiting stimuli
• As a result, aggression largely uncontrolled by
  inhibiting signals has a destructive impact on
  the survival of the species.

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Capital Punishment

• 74 percent of Americans surveyed say they favor
  the death penalty for people convicted of murder
  in a 2003 Gallup poll
• Despite its public support capital punishment
  remains controversial in the US

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Capital Punishment

• Of the 85 prisoners executed in 2000, 49 were
  white, of which 6 were white Hispanic 35 were
  black and 1 was American Indian. 
• Of the 3,593 prisoners on the death rows of U.S.
  prisons at the end of 2000, about 55 percent were
  white, 43 percent were black, with all other
  races represented 2 percent.

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Capital Punishment How To Kill?
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Capital Punishment How To Kill?
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Capital Punishment Ignorance Hypothesis

• Furman vs Georgia
• Justice Marshall
• A woman taking Social Psychology
• Stuart and Vidmar

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Capital Punishment Who Do We Execute

• Of the 85 prisoners executed in 2000, 49 were
  white, of which 6 were white Hispanic 35 were
  black and 1 was American Indian. 
• Of the 3,593 prisoners on the death rows of U.S.
  prisons at the end of 2000, about 55 percent were
  white, 43 percent were black, with all other
  races represented 2 percent.
• Blacks were almost five times as likely as Whites
  to be on death row

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Executions By State (2002)
State Executions State
Executions Texas 33
Ohio
3 Oklahoma 7 Alabama
2 Missouri 6
Mississippi 2
Georgia 4 North
Carolina 2 Virginia 4
Louisiana 1 Florida
3 California
1 South Carolina 3 Of 71 Executions 67
(94) Occurred in the South
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Executions Of Juveniles By State Since 1976
State
Executions Texas
13 Virginia
3
Oklahoma
3
Georgia
1 Louisiana
1 Missouri
1 South Carolina
1 Of 23 Executions
23 (100) Occurred in the South
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Capital Punishment Phillips Archival Study

• Phillips (1980) recorded reports of murders and
  capital punishments publicized in London between
  1858 and 1921.
• Immediately after a well-publicized execution,
  homicides dropped about 35.
• Several weeks later homicides increased above the
  rate that would have been expected if no
  execution had taken place.
• When averaged over a period of six weeks, capital
  punishment did not influence the number of
  homicides.