Enhancing Patient Care by Improving the Structure of Ophthalmic Education

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Enhancing Patient Care by Improving the Structure
of Ophthalmic Education

• Bruce E. Spivey, M.D., M.S., MEd.
• President, International Council of Ophthalmology

IAPB 9th General Assembly 2012 September 17,
2012 Hyderabad, India
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The International Council of Ophthalmology has
created a comprehensive Education Program with
particular focus on developing Countries

• Residency Curriculumnow universally
  acceptede.g. EBO. Also Medical Student and
  Allied Health
• Resident Program Directors Courses22 Worldwide
• Annual Evaluation (5 Exams)2,000 each year
• Fellowship Programs3 months for developing
  countries615. Additional 1 year programs
• Subspecialty Curriculum12 including Community
  Ophthalmology and Management
• Teaching the Teachers Programat supranational
  meetings
• Center for Ophthalmic Educatorsweb based
• CME/CPDFuture

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Learning Occurs in Many Ways

• Watching and listeningobservership
• Following and mimickingpreceptorship
• Curriculum with objectivesstructured experience

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What the ICO curriculum is and is NOT.

• ICO curriculum presently is Content what to
  teach (needs local modification)
• ICO curriculum intends to include How, when,
  who, where to teach
• Curriculum framework implementation plan is
  LOCAL determined and implemented locally
• Curriculum Revision
• Updates the existing three levels (basic,
  standard and advanced.) It will also add a
  section on community eye health and incorporate a
  new fourth "subspecialist" or "fellowship" level
  of training
• This fourth level will serve as the basis for the
  future development of subspecialty curricula

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Future

• Moving from traditional to modern definition of
  curriculum
• Traditional What to teach (content outline)
• Modern What, Who, When, How, Why
• The future of ICO curriculum To be the go to
  resource globally for ophthalmic educators
• Alignment with Teaching the Teachers projects
• Subspecialty curricula development now in
  progress

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What we have donewhat we are doing next

• Updated initial 2006 curriculum in 2011
• Now creating fellowship curricula
  (sub-specialties)
• Disseminating curriculum worldwide
• Adding languages
• Using curriculum as teaching tool in Teaching the
  Teachers program globally

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Residency Curriculum Created-2006

• Total of 16 Sub Segments
• Total number of Ophthalmologists involved is
  140-- this includes those who developed the
  content as well as who reviewed it
• New ICO Residency Curriculum 2011, finalized
  September 2012 to be
• Modified as to Environment and Capacity locally
• ICO Programs International Curricula
• - For residents, allied providers and medical
  students (2006)
• - For Ophthalmic assistants (2009) and
  refractionists (2011)
• - New curriculum for residents (2012)
• - For subspecialty training (2012-2014)

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ICO Program Directors Meetings gt 1000 Program
Directors thus far!
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Residency Program Directors Course

• 2004
• Mexico City, Mexico
• 2006
• Lima, Peru
• Cairo, Egypt
• 2007
• Lahore, Pakistan
• Buenos Aires, Argentina
• Brasilia, Brazil
• 2008
• Florianopolis, Brazil
• Portoroz, Slovenia
• Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

• 2009
• Beijing, China
• Bali, Indonesia
• Bogotá, Columbia
• 2010
• Hyderabad, India
• Ankara, Turkey
• Xian, China
• Bogotá, Colombia
• 2011
• Guangzhou, China
• Crete, Greece
• Delhi, India
• 2012
• Portoroz, Slovenia
• Nanjing, China
• Helsinki, Finland

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EvaluationAnnual Exam- Initiated 1994

• Exams take place in 67 countries, and 130
  examinations centers
• Exams offered
• Theoretical Optics and Refraction
• Basic Science
• Clinical Sciences
• Advanced FICO
• Foundation Assessmentavailable in January 2013
• In 2012 the number of exams taken
• Clinical Sciences 754 exams
• Basic Science 1,261 exams
• Theoretical Optics and Refraction 1,312 exams
• Advanced FICO- 232 registered, exam to be taken
  in October
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• TOTAL of 3,327 exams taken

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Subspecialty Fellowships- Initiated 2000

• Number Provided
• 615 since 2000 3 Months
• 6 Helmerich 1 year
• 4 Alcon Slovenia 1 year
• SAARC just beginning
• Fred Hollows Foundation Fellowships just
  beginning and funded for 2012-2014
• ICO/FHF Fellowships 3 month fellowships
• Allocated to countries in Africa, South Asia,
  South East Asia, Pacific Region
• ICO/FHF 1 year subspecialty fellowships
• SAO/ICO/FHF 1 year subspecialty fellowships
• Allocated to the SAARC Region
•  - Number of Countries from 85          -Number
  of Countries to 25
• 3-months ICO Fellows come from 35-40 countries
  annually

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Subspecialty Curricula

• 4 are in progress (total number to be developed
  has not been decided yet, but at least 12)
• First 4 curricula planned to be available early
  2013
• Oculoplastic Surgery and Orbit
• Neuro-Ophthalmology
• Glaucoma
• Cornea, External Diseases, and Refractive Surgery
  
• A total of 30 ophthalmologists presently
  involved

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Needed Programs

• Advocacy
• International, national, regional, local
• Efficiency of Practice
• We need to learn it,
• and then teach
• Espousing and implementing
• team care
• ICO Membership
• Benefits for Members
• Support for society and leadership development

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Educators

• Education is key to professionalism
• Educators deserve our recognition, support and
  praise
• Educators rewards are too often only internal and
  to infrequently external
• We want to reward our leading educators with our
  respect, admiration and support emotional and
  financial
• Heres to good teachers everywhere!!!

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Center for Ophthalmic Educatorswww.educators.icop
h.org

• The Center offers educational resources for
  teachers of all ophthalmic learners, as well as
  ways to share and collaborate with your peers and
  other ophthalmic educators
• Resources in teaching theory, assessment tools,
  curricula and materials to use to teach with.
  Monthly newsletter Ophthalmic Educators Letter.
  Work areas for ICO initiatives such as curricula
  development. Web-based courses to improve
  knowledge of teaching methods and theory, and
  their application online and in the classroom
• Educate the educators about modern teaching and
  learning theory and methods
• Goal is to empower medical teachers

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Our GoalEnhance Patient Care by Improving
Education

• 1994- Exams Begin
• 2000- Fellowships
• 2004- Resident Program Directors
• 2006- Initial Resident Curriculum
• 2008- Ophthalmic Assistants and Medical Student
  Curricula
• 2009- Teaching the Teachers
• 2010- New and Additional Exams
• 2011- Revised Curricula
• 2012- Center for Ophthalmic Educators
• 2012- Fellowship Curricula
• 2013- FHF Fellows
• Two decades of enhancing programs. We are
  improving education Worldwideespecially in
  developing Countries

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2012 Strategic Plan for ICO Education
Training Teams to Meet Public Needs Curricula
and Expectations for Training Programs
Continuing Professional Development
Accreditation and Certification Teaching the
Teachers Technologies for Teaching and Learning
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