Module 2 Stakeholder analysis

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Module 2Stakeholder analysis
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Whats in Module 2

• Why do stakeholder analysis ?
• Identifying the stakeholders
• Assessing stakeholders importance and influence
• Working session

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Why do stakeholder analysis?
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First, define the background

• What are the project aims?
• Why conducting SP what are the objectives in
  informing/ involving people?
• At what level will people be able to participate?
  
• What contributions are expected from stakeholders?

?
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Why do a stakeholder analysis?
?
Time to write down a few ideas
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Why stakeholder analysis

• Identify which individuals and organisations will
  be affected
• Identify which will be able to influence the
  issues
• Identify who will need their capacity built in
  order to participate
• Identify stakeholder priorities
• Identify information and expertise held by
  stakeholders
• Detect possible risks and conflicts between
  stakeholder groups
• Uncover positive relationships between
  stakeholder groups
• Assess appropriate forms of participation for the
  different stakeholder groups
• Find ways of harnessing the support of those in
  favour, while managing the risks posed by those
  against it
• Identify ways to improve the initiative and
  reduce negative impacts on vulnerable and
  disadvantaged groups.

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?
But who gets to choose who is a stakeholder and
who not ?!

• Stakeholder analysis should be done by a team,
  not an individual
• Key to be clear about the issues at stake and
  problem boundaries

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How to go about it?

1. Identify the main purpose of the analysis
2. Identify the stakeholders
3. Assess stakeholder influence and importance

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Source ELI
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Identifying the stakeholders
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Who are the stakeholders?
?
Write down key criteria you need to keep in mind
when identifying stakeholders
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Stakeholders are...

• Those whose interests are affected by or
  potentially affected by the problems and
  solutions being addressed within the defined
  context
• Those whose activities affect or potentially
  affect the resources and institutions being
  addressed
• Those who influence management and implementation
  related to the issues at stake
• Those who possess information, expertise, or
  other relevant resources and
• Those who have an interest in the broader
  developments related to the issues at stake.

Source ELI
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Examples

• key individuals from the target populations
• local leaders
• non-governmental organisations (NGOs)
• community-based organisations (CBOs)
• government staff from various agencies
• local administration
• local consultants
• local businesses
• educational/research institutes

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Sources of information

• Compile existing information (e.g. other
  projects, socio-economic studies)
• Use techniques such as interviews, focus groups,
  workshops and questionnaires
• Cross check the list by asking key people to look
  critically at the initial list of stakeholders

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Means of identifying stakeholders

• Social profiles or probes as a starting point.
• Brainstorming sessions, interviews with key
  informants or focus groups.
• Established lists and databases, held by
  consultancies, authorities or research
  institutions.
• Public announcements, advertisements and notices
  to encourage stakeholders to engage in the
  process (self identification).
• Network or chain referral systems according to
  which key stakeholders are asked to assist in
  identifying other stakeholders.

Source DEAT
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What do you need to know about them?
?
List key characteristics that are useful to know
about the stakeholders. Remember the purpose of
the analysis.
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You may want to know...

• Basic stakeholder characteristics, such as
  social, cultural, religious, and group
  affiliation
• Their priorities in relation to the issues at
  stake
• The relative importance and power of stakeholder
  groups
• Patterns of interaction and relationships among
  stakeholders and the actual and potential
  conflicts of interest
• Stakeholder resources (e.g. financial resources,
  forms of expertise, local or indigenous
  knowledge, staff from NGOs who can assist in
  putting together workshops, or use of community
  time for monitoring and evaluation)
• Knowledge levels about related topics, which will
  also assist in determining outreach and education
  needs

Source ELI
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Stakeholder tables
Source DFID
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Source ELI
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Assessing stakeholder importance and influence
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Are some stakeholders more important than
others?What determines the influence they have
on the initiative?
?
List some factors that affect stakeholders
influence and importance...
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Assessing stakeholder influence and importance

• Influence
• Power to control what decisions are made
• Extent to which individuals, groups and
  institutions can persuade or coerce others into
  making decisions and taking certain actions
• Importance
• Refers to those stakeholders whose problems,
  needs and interests are a priority to the project
  in question

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Stakeholder matrix
High
Special efforts to meet needs and ensure participation Closely involved throughout the project
Not closely involved information sharing strategies aimed at general public Not target of project but may hinder it kept informed and views acknowledged
importance
influence
High
Low
Source FAO
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Stakeholder issue diagram
Source ELI
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Source ELI
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• The true benefits of
• participation can only be
• achieved when projects are as
• inclusive of diverse interests as
• possible and this requires a
• commitment of sufficient time
• and resources

Source ELI
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Scenario working session

• Define SP objectives
• Draw up a basic stakeholder table
• Who are stakeholders?
• What is their interest in the process?
• What resources can they bring to the process?
• Draw up importance/influence matrix
• Are there any broad groups of interest?
• Are there any possible conflicts of interest?
• Any risks to consider?
• What assumptions have we made? What information
  is missing?