Acceleration is equal to ?v/?t. Velocity is a vector and there are two ways a vector can be changed: by changing magnitude or by changing direction. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Acceleration is equal to ?v/?t. Velocity is a vector and there are two ways a vector can be changed: by changing magnitude or by changing direction.

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Title: Acceleration is equal to ?v/?t. Velocity is a vector and there are two ways a vector can be changed: by changing magnitude or by changing direction.


1
Acceleration is equal to ?v/?t. Velocity is a
vector and there are two ways a vector can be
changed by changing magnitude or by changing
direction.
2
An acceleration due to a change in direction is
called a centripetal acceleration.
3
The equation is ac vt2/r.
4
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5
vi and vf are equal and can be called v. Also,
?d v ?t.Therefore, ?v/ vi ?d/r
becomes ?v/v v?t/r
6
?v/v v?t/r becomes ?v/?t v2/r
7
?v/?t v2/r ?v/?t a SO, a v2/r

8
A test car moves at constant speed around a
circular track. If the car is 48.2 m from the
tracks center and has a centripetal acceleration
of 8.05 m/s2, what is its tangential speed?
9
The direction of centripetal acceleration is
toward the center of the circle.
10
An object can have a centripetal acceleration and
a tangential acceleration. These two
accelerations are perpendicular to each other.
11
When both these components exist simultaneously,
the total acceleration can be found using the
Pythagorean theorem.
12
A Hot Wheels? car moves around a curve in the
track. The curve has a radius of 0.20 m, the
instantaneous velocity is 1 m/s, and friction is
causing a tangential acceleration of -0.5 m/s2.
What is the aC and what is the total acceleration?
13
A force is required to accelerate an object F
ma. A centripetal force is required to cause a
centripetal acceleration. Fc mac
14
Fc mac Fc mv2/rFc is measured
in newtons.
15
A pilot is flying a small plane at 30.0 m/s in a
circular path with a radius of 100.0 m. If a
force of 635 N is needed to maintain the pilots
circular motion, what is the pilots mass?
16
The centripetal force needed to pull an object
into a curved path is directed toward the center
of the circle formed by the path.
17
Inertia is often misrepresented as a force
centrifugal force. Centrifugal force is a
fictitious force.
18
Gravitational force is what pulls orbiting
objects into a elliptical path.
19
The magnitude of this force can be calculated
from Newtons Law of Universal Gravitation.
20
The force of attraction between two objects is
directly proportional to the product of the
masses of the objects and inversely proportional
to the square of the distance between their
centers of mass.
21
F Gm1m2\d2F is force of gravitationm1 m2
are massesd is distanceG is the universal
gravitational constant
22
Henry Cavendish measured G in 1797. G 6.67 x
10-11 Nm2/kg2
23
Find the distance between a 0.300 kg billiard
ball and a 0.400 kg billiard ball if the
magnitude of the gravitational force is 8.92 x
10-11 N.
24
We can use this law to find the mass of the
earth Fw Gmemp /d2
25
Fw Gmemp /d2 divide both sides by mp Fw
/mp Gme/d2
26
Fw /mp Gme/d2 Fw mp g, or
Fw /mp g, so g Gme/d2
27
G me are constant,so g is determined only by
d.
28
g Gme/d2, solve for me, me
gd2/G
29
me gd2/Gg 9.81 m/s2d 6.37 x 106 mG
6.67 x 10-11 Nm2/kg2me 5.96 x 1024 kg
30
Weight is the measure of the force of attraction
between the object and the Earth.
31
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