Immunology general

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Immunology general
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Contents ? immunity and immunology ?
immunologic function ? immune system ? immune
response ? immunologic application
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medicine immunology Total number of
periods 36 periods time of giving lessons
references 1 Yi Xue Mian Yi Xue,Chen
Weifeng,2004,4rd Ed 2 Cellular and Molecular
Immunology,Abbas, 2004, 5th Ed 3
Immunobiology,Janeway, 2004, 6th Ed Department of
immunology, medicine school of Shanghai, Fudan
University
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? immunity and immunology IMMUNITY ?? IMMUNIS
(EXEMPT)
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Brief development history of
immunology 430 B.C. Thucydides
individuals who had recovered from
certain
infectious diseases were thereafter
protected
from the disease. 1798 Jenner
Vaccination 1880 Pasteur attenuated fowl
cholera vaccine 1890 Behring/Kitasato
antitoxin?humoral immunity 1883 Metchnikoff
phagocytose?cell mediated immunity 1945
Owen/Burnet immune toleration theory 1959
Burnet clonal-selection theory
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Ancient Chinese is performing variolation.
Edward Jenner is vaccinating cowpox.
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Edward Jenner(1749-1823)
Edward Jenner memorial hall(previous house)
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Emil Adolf von Behring,1854-1917 Bacteriologist,
Germany
Louis Pasteur,1822-1893 Microbiologist, France
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Paul Ehrlich (18541915)
Elie Metchnikoff (18451916)
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1 Immunity the condition of being protected from
infection by microorganisms or the effects of
foreign molecules. 2 Immunology A science
studying on organization and function of immune
system
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? immunologic function Biological effects of
immune system on antigens during immune
responds physiological effect---keeping normal
homeostasis pathological effect----resulting in
diseases
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Main function of immunity Defense Homeostasi
s Surveillance
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Physiological and pathological representation of
immune response
Function Physiological (advantageous) Pathological (harmful)
immune defense resist to pathogen hypersensitivity/ immunologic deficiency disease
immune homeostasis scavenge damaged or senile cell Autoallergic disease
immune surveillance Scavenge cells with misreplication/ mutant cell Cell cancerization persistent infection
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? immune system dominate immune
function execute immune effect comprise immune
organs, immune cells and immune molecules
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1. Immune organs center immune
organs conceptplaces where immunocytes genesis,
develop, differentiate and mature compositionbone
marrow, thymus and bursa of Fabricius (which is
one of Avian character) peripheral immune
organs conceptplaces where mature T, B
lymphocytes resident and contact with antigens
and carry out immune response compositionlymphono
de, spleen, mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue
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The cellular organization of the human thymus
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Organization of a lymph node
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2. immunocytes all cells that participate in
immune response and their precursors. Immune
Competent Cell,ICC cells participating in innate
immune response NK, macrophage, granular
leukocytes, monocyte, mast cell, B1-B cells
participating in adaptive immune response
T?B?APC
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3 immune molecules immunoglobulin, MHC,
complement, cytokine et al
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? Immune Response The whole process including
antigen recognition and antigen elimination .
1 Innate Immune Responsenon-specific,
inborn barrier phagocytosis normal humor
component 2 Adaptive Immune
Responsespecific, acquired humor
immunity cell immunity mucosa local immunity
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Comparison between innate immunity and adaptive
immunity
innate immunity adaptive immunity
Generated little by little during long term evolution Stimulated by antigen
Commonly owned by different germlines, herediable Specially owned by some individuals, non-herediable but form immune memory
Non-specific (respond generally) Specific (respond to special antigen)
React rapidly and generally Undergo process including recognition of antigen,expansion and differentiation and effect
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Character of immune response (adaptive
immunity) Specificity Adaptiveness Discr
imination Diversity Memory Transferabilit
y Immunotolerance
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? immunologic application 1 contribution of
immunology to biomedicine smallpox
extinction by immunization 1959 11th
WHA motion,1967 19th WHA priming 1977 the
last patient naturally infected, 1979.10.26
extinction Nobel Prizes for medicine and
physiology 1901(
the first)Behring serotherapy
2005 (the 95th) 19 times for
immunology and associated science immmunology
is a crucial medicine science pathogeny
associated with immunology
diagnose, prevent and treat drawing
assistance from immunology
immunology is a key life science
explain vital phenomenon
explore life rule
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2 The contribution of immunology to disease
diagnosis 3 The contribution of immunology to
disease prevention 4 The contribution of
immunology to disease treatment
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• To master basic conceptions of immunity,
  immunology and immune function
• To be familiar with the construction and function
  of immune organs and immunocytes
• To understand brief development history of
  immunology and its position in medicine