Horticulture Science Lesson 37 Identifying and Managing Insect Plant Pests in the Greenhouse

1
Horticulture Science Lesson 37Identifying and
Managing Insect Plant Pests in the Greenhouse
2
(No Transcript)
3
Interest Approach
Bring one or more plants that are suffering from
disease or insect problems into the classroom.
Also bring in one healthy plant. Ask the students
to explain why the infected plants could cause a
problem. Ask them if the infected plants should
be put in the greenhouse with the healthy plants.
Ask them to explain their answer.
4
Student Learning Targets

• I can explain insects
• I can explain insect mouth parts
• I can explain insect body parts
• Identify the major insect pests found in the
  greenhouse.

5
Terms

• aerosols
• aphids
• aster yellows
• biological control
• botanical insecticides
• Botrytis blight
• caterpillars
• chemical control

• cultural/physical control
• dampingoff
• dip
• drench
• Erwinia
• fumigants
• fungus gnats
• granular
• horticultural oils

6

• predatory organisms
• Pythium
• Rhizoctonia
• sanitation
• scale
• spray
• Thielaviopsis
• tobacco mosaic
• Western flower thrips
• whiteflies

• insect growth regulators
• insecticidal soaps
• leaf miners
• mealybugs
• microbial organisms
• mites
• metamorphosis
• parasitic organisms
• Phytophthora
• plant health
• powdery mildew

7
I can explain greenhouse insects basic knowledge
8
What are the major pests found in the greenhouse?

• The health of crops grown in a greenhouse is
  challenged by a variety of pests and diseases.
• The ability to identify major greenhouse pests
  and diseases is the first step in a pest
  management program.
• Insect pests can severely damage or ruin a crop
  if their populations are not managed.

9
Entomology

• What is Entomology?
• It is the study of insects. Insects are always
  around us. Scientists called
• entomologist spend most of
• their time studying these insects

10
Entomology

• There are more than 750,000 species of insects
  which have been identified
• There is about 2,000,000 species that have not
  been identified

11
Life cycles of insects

• There are two different life cycles that an
  insect can go through and they are
• Incomplete Metamorphosis
• Complete Metamorphosis
• Metamorphosis- a complete change of form
  structure or substance.

12
Incomplete Metamorphosis

• eggs
• to Early nymph (no wings)
• to late nymph (wings developing)
• Goes to Adult
• Three_Stages_of_Incomplete_Metamorphosis__Egg__Nym
  ph__Adult.asf - YouTube

13
Complete Metamorphosis

• Egg
• Young larva
• Mature larva
• Pupa
• Adult
• Mosquito life cycle - YouTube

14
Parts of insect

• There are three parts to any insect
• Head
• Thorax
• Abdomen

15
Head

• The head is the anterior of the three body
  regions of an adult insect. It bears the eyes
  (usually a pair of compound eyes), the antennae
  and the mouthparts.

16
Thorax

• The thorax is the middle of the three body
  regions of an adult insect. It is composed of 3
  segments. It bears 3 pairs of legs (one on each
  segment) and usually 2 pairs of wings. Some
  insects have only 1 pair of wings.

17
Abdomen

• The abdomen is the posterior of the three body
  regions of an adult insect. It is composed of 11
  segments. The abdomen bears the external
  genitalia of the insect. In female insects these
  consist of an ovipositor.

18
I can explain insect mouth parts
19
Insect classes

• How are insects grouped?
• They are grouped by the way they feed on plants.
  So they are grouped by their mouth parts.

20
Insect classes

• There are six different mouth parts
• Sponging
• Rasping- sucking
• Siphoning
• Chewing-lapping
• Chewing
• Piercing- sucking

21
Identify which insects have which types of
mouthparts

• Chewing
• grasshoppers, crickets
• Pinches or bites off
• Chews and ingest plant parts

22
Identify which insects have which types of
mouthparts

• Piercing-Sucking
• Aphids
• Pierce epidermal layer of plants
• Suck up the
• exuding sap

23
Identify which insects have which types of
mouthparts

• Siphoning
• Butterflies, moths
• Mouthparts dissolve solid substances
• such as sugar
• with their saliva

24
Identify which insects have which types of
mouthparts

• Chewing-Lapping
• Ants, bees, wasps
• Mouthparts suck up the exposed liquids

25
Identify which insects have which types of
mouthparts

• Sponging
• Flies
• Mouthparts have a combination of chewing and
  sucking mouthparts

26
3. Identify which insects have which types of
mouthparts

• Rasping-Sucking
• Beetles, weevils
• Insects lacerate (tear) the epidermis of plants
• Suck up the exuding sap

27
Mini Lab

• The following utensils are used as mouth parts
  pliers, syringe, straw, sponge. Pick the insect
  they wish to be.
• Pliers caterpillars, grasshoppers, ants and
  praying mantis
• Syringe mosquito
• Straw bees and butterflies
• Sponge fly

28
I can explain insect body parts
29
Part of Insect

• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• 4.
• 5.
• 6.
• 7.
• 8.
• 9.
• 10
• 11.
• 12.
• 13.

30
Activity

• Its time for Buganopoly
• Select 5 students to be on your team.
• Materials
• 1 game board
• 1 game piece bag
• 1 set of chance cards

31
Identify the major insect pests found in the
greenhouse.
32
What are the major pests found in the greenhouse?

• Aphids are pear-shaped, soft-bodied, usually
  wingless insects.
• They are often green or yellowish in color.
• Aphids have the ability to reproduce very
  rapidly.
• Astonishingly, they give birth to live young that
  are pregnant!
• Aphids use their mouthparts to pierce the plant
  and suck out juices.
• Aphids attack a wide variety of greenhouse plants.

33
What are the major pests found in the greenhouse?

• Caterpillars are the larvae of various moth
  species.
• They damage greenhouse crops by eating the
  plants.
• Fungus gnats are long-legged, winged, gray-black
  insects less than 1/8 inch long.
• The larvae of fungus gnats feed on root hairs and
  tunnel into plant stems.
• They prefer a growing medium that is constantly
  moist.

34
What are the major pests found in the greenhouse?

• Leaf miners are small, stocky flies.
• The adult deposits eggs inside a leaf.
• The eggs hatch, and the larvae feed on the
  interior of the leaf, making tunnels as they move
  along.
• Chrysanthemums are subject to leaf miner damage.

35
What are the major pests found in the greenhouse?

• Mealybugs are slow-moving, oval-shaped, whitish
  insects.
• They have a waxy finish and produce small cottony
  masses.
• Mealybugs pierce plant leaves and suck the plant
  juices.
• As with aphids, they give birth to living nymphs.

36
What are the major pests found in the greenhouse?

• Mites have eight legs and are related to spiders.
  
• Mites pierce leaf tissues and suck juices.
• Symptoms of damage include a yellow speckled
  appearance to the leaves, and, in severe cases,
  yellowing of the leaves and defoliation.
• Two spotted spider mites and red spider mites
  are among the most serious greenhouse pests.
• They appear as tiny specks on the plants and are
  often found on the undersides of leaves and near
  the apical meristems.

37
What are the major pests found in the greenhouse?

• A two-spotted mite has two dark spots on its
  back.
• Spider mites create a complex network of webbing
  as they move about a plant.
• Cyclamen mites infest a broad range of plants and
  are not visible to the naked eye.
• Bulb mites damage lily bulbs and the developing
  shoots.
• Commercial Pest Control in The Pepper Greenhouse
  (Spider Mites), Part 1. - YouTube

38
What are the major pests found in the greenhouse?

• Many types of scale insects infest greenhouse
  plants.
• Typically, they have flat, oval, often brown
  bodies.
• They may or may not be covered with armored
  shells.
• Scale insects pierce plant leaves and stems and
  suck juices.
• Western flower thrips are small dark brown
  insects with two pairs of fringed wings.
• They have rasping mouthparts that scrape plant
  tissue.
• The damage they cause to many kinds of plants
  often appears as whitish discoloration.

39
What are the major pests found in the greenhouse?

• Whiteflies are small white insects.
• They generally camp out on the undersides of
  leaves, where they pierce the tissues and suck
  juices.
• Their flat, scale-like larvae feed on the
  undersides of the leaves.
• Whiteflies are major pests of poinsettias and
  fuchsias.

40
1. 2.

• Major pests of poinsettias and fuchsias.

41
3. 4.

• They appear as tiny specks on the plants and are
  often found on the undersides of leaves and near
  the apical meristems.

42
5. 6.
43
7. 8.
This insect gives birth to live young that are
pregnant!