Title: Network IQ Training Manual Chapter 2 - Fibre Optic Cable Types and Manufacturing
1Network IQ Training ManualChapter 2 - Fibre
Optic Cable Types and Manufacturing
2Fibre Optic Cable Types and Manufacturing
- Loose Tube Cable (Indoor Outdoor)
- Tight-Buffered Cable (Indoor Outdoor)
- Applications
3Loose Tube Cable Fibre Buffer Colouring
- Colour code is according to
- EIA/TIA-598-A, also referred to as Telcordia
colour code
Fibre No. Fibre coat Colour
1 BLUE BL
2 ORANGE OR
3 GREEN GR
4 BROWN BR
5 SLATE SL
6 WHITE WH
7 RED RD
8 BLACK BK
9 YELLOW YL
10 VIOLET VI
11 ROSE RS
12 AQUA AQ
Cables gt 12 fibres have the same colour code with
stripes
4More Colour Coding Standards
Colour Code ISO
No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Colour
Colour Code IEC 60794-2
No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Colour
Colour Code DIN VDE 0888
No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Colour
Colour Code Swisscom
No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Colour
For identification of more than twelve fibers is
a ring mark. The colours of the fibers are
repeated
5Fibre optic cable type code acc. DIN VDE 0816
6Cable Codes Corning
Example of Fiber description E9/125
0.36F3,5 0,22H18 E9 Single mode fiber
9µ glass core diameter 125µ Cladding
diameter 0,36 / 0,22 Attenuation
(db/km) F At wavelength 1300 nm
H At wavelength 1550nm 3,5 / 18
Dispersions parameter at 1300nm Remark cabled
parameters. Values on fibre data sheet are better
7Loose Tube Cable Fibre Buffering (up to 24 fibre)
Gel-filled Buffer tube
Optical Fibre
Filling Compound
Gel-free Buffer tube
Dry tube
Optical Fibre
Swellable yarns
Fibre bundle is a group of Optical fibres in 1
loose tube
8Stranded Loose Tube Cable Fibre Buffering
Side view of the loose tubes
After Manufacturing
Buffer Tube Contraction
Buffer Tube Expansion
Cross-section view of the loose tubes
9Stranded Loose Tube Cable Stranding
- Central Member
- Anti-Buckling
- Steel or Dielectric
Buffer Tubes with Fibres
Central Member
PE Sheet
- Advantages
- SZ Stranding provides more flexibility
- Allows easy midspan access
- Reduce the turn effects under pulling force
10Stranded Loose Tube Cable Jacketing
Dry Waterblocking Material
Buffer Tubes with Fibres
- Tensile Strength Elements
- Main Load Bearer
- Aramid and/or
- Fibre glass Yarns
Central Member
- Jacket
- PE
- FRNC
- Core Protection
- Chemical
- Resistance
- Abrasion
- Resistance
Strength Elements
Dry Waterblocking Material
Jacket
- Armouring
- Corrugated Steel Tape
- Glass Yarn Armouring
11Central Tube Cable
Central tube Ø 3.0mm up to 12
or 5.0mm up to 24 fibres,
Gel free buffer tubes optional
Dry Waterblocking Material
Rodent protection by glass yarn armour,
metal-free
- Tensile Strength Elements
- Main Load Bearer
- Aramid and/or
- Fibre glass Yarns
Swellable tape
Jacket, PE
Rip cord
- Jacket
- PE
- FRNC
- Core Protection
- Chemical
- Resistance
- Abrasion
- Resistance
- Armouring
- Corrugated Steel Tape
- Glass Yarn Armouring
- Advantages
- High flexibility
- Low weight and fire rate
12MPC - Multi Purpose Cable
- For Indoor and Outdoor Installations
- Halogen free Flame retardent cable
construction - Small and light weight design
- Various cable designs for different
applications - Rodent protection
- UV resistant
- Swellable elements for improved water
penetration - and faster installation
- Dry cable core
- Gel-free
13Cable Applications
Loose Tube
Dielectric
Greater than 50 Feet
Armoured MPC
Duct Bank
Dielectric
14Tight Buffered Cable Buffering
Coating Versions TB Easy Strip, FRNC, 1.5m
strip length, used in pigtails TB3 Standard,
FRNC, 10cm strip length, used in jumpers, i-MIC
1512-Fibre MIC Multifibre Indoor Cable
Fibre
- FRNC or PVC Sheath
- 2-24 Fibre
Tight Buffer
Coated Central Member
Strength Elements
Outer Jacket
Fibre Cable Jacket Colouring Indoor
- Aqua - OM3, OM4
- Orange - OM1, OM2
- Yellow - OS1, OS2
16Multi-Fibre Cable MPC Cable (TB3) (up to 24
fibre)
A-VQ (BN) H In-/Outdoor Cable
Tight Buffered Fibre
Glass yarn armour
LSZH Inner jacket
Rip cord
Swellable elements (water blocking)
Strength elements/aramid yarn
LSZH Outerjacket
171-Fibre, 2-Fibre Basic Cable Unit
Thermoplastic Buffer
- Used in standard patch cords
- Simplex Available in
- 2.0mm
- 2.8mm
- Duplex Available in
- 2x1.8mm (700?m coating)
- 2x2.0mm
- 2x2.8mm
Fibre
Kevlar
Outer Jacket
Simplex Cable
Duplex Cable (Zipcord)
18Break out Cable
1-Fibre Basic Unit
Dielectric Central Member
FRNC Overcoat
FRNC Jacket
Ripcord
19Cable Applications
Tight Buffered Cables
20Flame Retardant Cables European Flame and Smoke
Tests
IEC-Standard Test name IEC 60332 Tests on
electric and optical fibre cables under fire
conditions IEC 60332-1 Test for vertical flame
propagation for a single insulated wire or cable
IEC 60332-2 Test for vertical flame propagation
for a single small insulated wire or cable IEC
60332-3 Test for vertical flame spread of
vertically-mounted bunched wires or cables IEC
61034 Measurement of smoke density of cables
burning under defined conditions IEC
60754-1 Test on gases evolved during combustion
of materials from cables - Part 1 Determination
of the amount of halogen acid gas IEC 60754-2
Test on gases evolved during combustion of
electric cables - Part 2 Determination of degree
of acidity of gases evolved during the combustion
of materials taken from electric cables by
measuring pH and conductivity
FR
LS
0H or ZH
NC
21Mechanical Characteristics of Fibre Optic Cable
- Force Mass x Acceleration
- N Kg x 9.81m/sec2
Reference 1 pound 4.45N - Tensile Strength (IEC 60794-1-2-E1)
- FO cable is pulled by a tensile force measured in
Newton - Ex 2700 N
- Crush Resistance (IEC 60794-1-2-E3)
- FO Cable is tested using a plate which applies a
crushing load measured in Newton - Ex 3000 N/10cm (linear)
- Bending Radius (IEC 60794-1-2-E11 A)
- FO Cable is bent to meet its specified bending
radius - Ex Generally, 15xOD during installation and 10x
OD during operation - OD outer diameter of cable, non-armoured cable
- Requirement
- Mechanical Tests are conducted for 1 minute or
more - No fibre break or Attenuation more than 0.05 db
22Cont. mechanical characteristics of FO-Cable
Bending Radius Test
Tensile Test
Crush Resistance Test
23Environmental Characteristics of FO Cable
- Water Penetration (IEC 60794-1-2-F5)
- FO cable prevents water from penetrating inside
the cable and inside the loose tubes - Temperature Cycle (IEC 60794-1-2-F1)
- FO Cable can be exposed to low temperature or
high temperature without any material deformation
or high attenuation more than 0.05 db - Ex -40C to 70C
Requirement
Heat Chamber -40C to 70C Dwell time 6
hour Measurement at 1310 nm 1550 nm Max Att.
0.1 db/km
3 meter sample Water height 1 meter 24 hours No
water penetrate to the sealed side of the cable
24Cable Summary
- Two main design options for fibre cables
- Loose Tube (250um coated fibres)
- Tight Buffered (900um coated fibres)
- Loose Tube typically outdoor application
- Loose tube isolates fibre from external strain
- 250um easy to splice
- Use fan out tube if direct termination with
connectors - Tight buffered cables typically indoor
application - 900um allows direct termination with connectors
- Telcordia colour scheme is standard Corning code
others available