Input devices are used to feed data to your computer.

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Input Peripherals

• Input devices are used to feed data to your
  computer.
• The users enter data through input devices, the
  computer converts it to binary, and then the CPU
  reads the data.
• They are connected to the computer via ports to
  manage the transfer of data between the computer
  and the devices.

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Keyboard

• Application - Word Processing,
• The keyboard we normally use has a qwerty layout.
• Apart from character keys, a keyboard has the
  function keys, cursor control keys, page control
  etc..
• Pressing a key on the keyboard causes a scan code
  to be sent to the computer via the keyboard port.
• Nowadays keyboards are more ergonometric and are
  being designed to reduce stress.

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Advantages and Disadvantages

• Typists can use with ease.
• Every computer comes with a keyboard

• If you are not a fast typist, it can be
  relatively slow.

Note keyboards can be found with wire and
without (wireless)
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Mouse

• Application Computer Aided Design
• Used to position the cursor on the screen by
  moving it about on your tabletops

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Different types of Mouse

1. Ball Mouse which has a ball underneath which as
   the muse is moved a flat surface enables a
   corresponding mouse cursor to move in the same
   direction on the screen.

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• 2. Opt mechanical Same as a mechanical mouse,
  but uses optical sensors to detect motion of the
  ball.
• 3. Optical Uses a laser to detect the mouse's
  movement. Optical mice have no mechanical moving
  parts. They respond more quickly and precisely
  than mechanical and opt mechanical mice.

Note mouse can be found with wire and without
(wireless)
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Advantages and Disadvantages

• Allows diagrams to be easily drawn and modified,
  therefore it is very versatile for drawing
  packages.
• Relatively cheap.
• Easy and convenient to use.
• Selects a position on screen more quickly than is
  possible with a keyboard.

• Uses more desk space than any other pointing
  device.
• It cannot be used to input text
• Relatively slow for selecting options from menus.
  
• Requires a flat surface to operate.

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Trackball

• Application Drawing Packages and Menu Selection
• It works exactly like a mouse, except that the
  ball is rotated by hand.
• This device was initially used with laptop
  computers.

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Advantages and Disadvantages

• More finger movement needed to reach buttons than
  any other pointing device.

• Uses less desk space than a mouse.

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Joystick

• Application Playing games and computer
  simulation
• Enables the user to control movement on the
  screen by maneuvering a small lever.
• It usually has buttons with which actions can be
  carried out.

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Advantages and Disadvantages

• Allows the fast interaction needed in games.
• Much easier than using a keyboard.

• Cannot be used to accurately select options from
  screen
• Special interface required.

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Touch Pad

• Application Menu Selection
• Touch pads let you control the pointer with your
  finger.
• As you move your fingertip, the cursor follows
  the movement.
• You click by tapping the finger on the pads
  surface.

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Advantages and Disadvantages

• Less prone to dust.

• Small active movements makes precise cursor
  control difficult

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Light Pen

• Application Computer Aided Design
• It is a light sensitive device
• It can be used to write or draw on the screen
• It has to be used with a device which outputs
  light
• When the tip of the pen is placed next to the
  display screen, light coming from the screen is
  detected by a photo detector in the tip of the
  pen.
• Then the software determines the screen location
  (x and y coordinates) where the light pen is
  pointing

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Advantages and Disadvantages

• More direct and precise than using a mouse
• Easier to draw with

• Can record only the presence or absence of light
• Requires software written specially for it

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Touch Screen

• Application Fast Food and Menu Selection
• The user need only to point a finger to indicate
  the location needed.

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Different types of Touch Screen

• LEDs are placed along a vertical and horizontal
  edge of the screen and a series of photo
  detectors along the opposite sedges. When the
  user touches the screen one or more LEDs are
  blocked in the vertical and horizontal directions
  so the software can determine the approximate
  location the user pointed at.
• A pressure sensitive membrane is placed over the
  screen. Pressure on this membrane is detected by
  the computer and then the software calculates the
  position

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Advantages and Disadvantages

• User just uses his finger
• It is very useful for people whose work involves
  a lot of movement or standing up

• Accuracy of a touch screen is not very good so
  this restrict them to selecting function
• Not useful when needing to input large amount of
  data

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Graphics Tablet

• Application Computer Aided Design
• It is a flat surface that has a fine grid of
  vertical and horizontal wired embedded in it.
• Attached to you find the stylus (like a pen)
• Like the touch sensitive screen the device
  controller can determine the row/column address
  of the stylus from the embedded wire mesh
• It has high resolution

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Image Scanner

• Application Desktop Publishing
• It can produce a digital image of a document for
  input and storage in a computer
• The technology is very similar to the photocopier
  

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Different types of Scanners

1. Hand Scanner small scanner that can be passed
   over the document surface by hand.

2. Flat bed like a photocopier, on which the
input document is placed and scanned
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Advantages and Disadvantages

• No artistic performance is required

• High quality graphics require large amounts of
  disc space.
• Scanned handwriting or text is treated as one
  whole picture unless u have the specific software.

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Digital Camera

• High resolution pictures can be taken and stored
  in specially designed storage in the camera
• The camera can be connected to the computer and
  pictures can be downloaded
• Since pictures are digital they can be edited,
  enhanced and printed

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Advantages and Disadvantages

• Easy image capture
• Pictures can be send through telephone lines

• Still relatively costly

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Bar Code Reader.

• Set of bars and spaces of different width.
• They are used to identify the product
  purchased.
• They are used in
• Libraries
• Luggage routing
• Stocktaking, etc..
• Consists of light sensitive and a light
  emitting diode.
• Nowadays almost all products are give a UPC
  (universal product code)
• Written in 2 forms human readable and barcode.

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Different types of Bar Codes.
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Optical Mark Reader (OMR)

• Allows direct transfer of data from source
  document to computer.
• Information obtained by marking with a pencil.
• It can detect the presence or absence of a mark
  by shining a light and measure the amount of
  light reflected.
• Used for
• Questioners
• Tests
• Software notices if there are more then one
  marked boxes.

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Optical mark reader paper.
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Magnetic Ink Character Reader (MICR)

• Reads only those numbers written in magnetic
  ink.
• It is really accurate and sensitive.
• It is practically tamperproof.
• Found in almost every shop.
• They are used in
• Banks and they are the biggest users.
• Passport control.
• Significant important documents.
• Shops to check if money is false.

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Advantages and Disadvantages.

• MICR is difficult to forge
• Documents can still be read when folded,
  written etc..

• MICR readers and encoders are very expensive.
• The system can only accept a few different
  characters.

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Optical Character Reader (OCR).

• It recognizes characters from their shape.
• Scanners are frequently used for optical
  recognition.
• Some can read hand-printed characters (neatly
  written), typed or printed fonts.
• How it works
• Light is reflected from paper and from ink.

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Advantages and Disadvantages.

• Data can be read and checked by people.
• Can be programmed to read text and neat
  handwriting.
• Documents can be inputted in the computer
  without the need of re-typing them.

• Regularly fail to recognize characters.
• Certain words can be easily mistaken for others.

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Pen Computing.

• Utilizes an electronic pen (called a stylus)
  rather than a keyboard for input.
• Some recognize your handwriting and transform
  it into typed text.
• Some need to be trained first in order to
  recognize your handwriting.
• The most sophisticated do not need any
  training.
• They are hand held.
• Too small for a full size keyboard.

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Different types of stylus.
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Web Cam

• Can be used as a Video Conference System, a Home
  Network System or for Real time Webcam Web
  Casting!
• It is a camera that is in some way connected to
  the World Wide Web, or Internet.
• Can take many different forms and flavors.
• One of the most common types of webcams are
  personal cameras that are connected to a home PC,
  which with the help of some software allow the
  user to share a moving image of themselves with
  others.

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Types of Web Cams.
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Speech Recognition
Human speech is recorded and coded into a
sequence of electrical signals
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Advantages and Disadvantages

• No types or data is necessary
• The system can be done remotely by telephone, by
  handicaps and by people whose hands are busy

• Current speech recognition does not give good
  results
• Relatively few words can be recognized and the
  error rates are high
• The system is not suitable for noise places

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Signature Pad

• Offers a fully integrated signature capture
  option that allows users to capture signatures
  and store them electronically.
• There are those which are portable and those
  which are not.
• There are those which are wireless.
• There are different types of signature pads and
  the more they go the more they evolve.
• Customer information, service applications and
  teller-based transactions which are recorded
  electronically.

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Types of Signature Pads.
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Palm Reader

• Mostly used for security and privacy, this
  small device can read your palm.
• You put your hand in front of it and it scan
  your fingerprints
• More evolved palm readers scan vein structures
  in the users hand without touching the device.
• The device uses infrared light to scan the
  palm.
• Data about your hand layout has to be stored on
  a computer in order to identify if you have
  access or not.

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Future Input Devices
3D - Input Decives
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3D Mouse

• Application Visual Simulation
• It provides intuitive and precise interactive
  motion control of three-dimensional graphic
  objects
• Motion control (X, Y, Z, pitch, roll and yaw)
  without the need for calibration.

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SpaceBall 5000
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SpaceMouse Plus
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Space Traveler
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Cadman
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3D Joystick

• Application Visual Simulation
• 3D graphics control and manipulation

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Ascension Wanda
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Inition 3DiStick
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Glove
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Head-Mounted Display
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Made By

• Sefora Azzopardi
• Kirsten Briffa
• Jeanella Ebejer