The Berlin Crisis (the Berlin Wall)

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The Berlin Crisis (the Berlin Wall)
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Berlin Crisis (the Berlin Wall)
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Cuban Missile Crisis

• Photos taken by a U.S. spy plane reveal missiles
  in Cuba
• The Soviets were using the U.S. defeat at the Bay
  of Pigs as a chance to assert their power
• They place offensive nuclear missiles in Cuba

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Kennedys Options

• Further negotiations with Khrushchev
• Allows them to continue building missile sites
• Makes Kennedy look weak
• Full invasion of Cuba
• Gets rid of the missiles
• Overthrows Castro

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Kennedys Options

• Blockade of Cuba
• Prevents more missiles being put in Cuba
• Forces Khrushchev to back off or take aggressive
  action
• Bomb the missile sites
• This knocks out the missiles
• Would the Soviets strike back?
• The Joint Chiefs want to attack Cuba Kennedy does
  not

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• Acheson I know the Soviet Union well. I know
  what they are required to do in the light of
  their history and their posture around the world.
  I think they will knock out our missile in
  Turkey.
• An advisor Well, then what do we do?
• Acheson I believe under our NATO treatywe
  would be required to resopond by knocking out a
  missile base inside the Soviet Union.
• Another advisor Then what do we do?
• Acheson Thats when we hope that cooler heads
  will prevail, and theyll stop and talk.

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Kennedys Decision

• Monday, October 22, Kennedy addresses the nation
• He puts the armed forces on full scale alert
• Orders a naval quarantine of Cuba
• October 25, one ship is stopped and allowed to
  continue the rest turn around
• October 26, Khrushchev sends Kennedy a letter and
  pledges
• Russia will remove the missiles if
• U.S. must end quarantine and vow not to invade
  Cuba

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Kennedys Decision

• October 27, Khrushchev sends another note
  demanding we get rid of our missiles in Turkey
• Kennedy ignores second note and accepts the first
  note
• He agrees to get rid of missiles in Turkey
  through secret negotiations

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Outcomes of the Crisis

• This is the closest that the world has ever come
  to full out nuclear war
• A hot line is established between leaders to
  allow them to communicate if this happens again
• Limited Test Ban Treaty bans all testing of
  nuclear weapons above ground

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