You must know this!

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• You must know this!
• Identify chromosomes as cellular structures that
  occur in pairs that carry hereditary information
  in units called genes.

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• You must know this!
• Recognize that when sexual reproduction occurs,
  genetic material from both parents is passed on
  and combined to form the genetic code for the new
  organism.

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• You must know this!
• Recognize that when sexual reproduction occurs,
  the offspring is not identical to either parent
  due to the combining of the different genetic
  codes contained in each sex cell.

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• You must know this!
• Compare and contrast the reproductive mechanisms
  of classes of vertebrates (i.e., internal vs.
  external fertilization).
• Human development video

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• You must know this!
• Explain how flowering plants reproduce sexually.

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There are several ways animals can produce
offspring. The two main methods of reproduction
are sexual and asexual. Sexual reproduction
requires two parents who donate genes to the
young, resulting in offspring with a mix of
inherited genes. In asexual reproduction, only
one parent is needed, resulting in offspring that
are genetically identical to the parent -- clones.
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• You must know this!
• Recognize that when asexual reproduction occurs,
  the same genetic information found in the parent
  cell is copied and passed on to each new daughter
  cell
• Recognize that when asexual reproduction occurs,
  the daughter cell is identical to the parent cell
• Mitosis vs. Meiosis video

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WHY???

• Why would organisms prefer asexual reproduction
  in stable conditions and sexual reproduction in
  more uncertain or less favorable conditions?

Imagine that a particular organism lacks a
certain gene necessary to break down a specific
type of food, yet others of the same species
within the population are able to break down that
food. What happens if the uncertain or less
favorable conditions lead to that being the
primary food source?
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Death

• The parent organism and all of their offspring
  produced through asexual reproduction would die!
• The chances that a particular organism will
  inherit the gene necessary to break down a
  specific type of food is much greater through
  sexual reproduction rather than through asexual
  reproduction!

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• You must know this!
• Identify examples of asexual reproduction (i.e.,
  plants budding, binary fission of single cell
  organisms).

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• Examples of asexual reproduction
• Mitosis
• The exact duplication of the nucleus of a cell so
  as to form two identical nuclei during cell
  division. Clones!

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• Examples of asexual reproduction
• Binary Fission
• Binary fission is very similar to mitosis
  however, there is no division of a nucleus within
  binary fission.

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• Examples of asexual reproduction
• Budding
• The division of cytoplasm is unequal so one of
  the daughter cells is larger than the other. The
  daughter cells can separate or remain attached.
  Yeast reproduces like this!

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• Examples of asexual reproduction
• Sporulation
• Occurs in molds, mosses, etc. Spores are
  produced in large numbers by mitosis.
• Spores are surrounded by a tough coat to help
  them survive harsh environmental conditions.

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• Examples of asexual reproduction
• Regeneration
• Refers to the replacement or regrowth of lost or
  damaged body parts

Regeneration and Stem Cells in Deer videos
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• Examples of asexual reproduction
• Vegetative Propagation
• Occurs only in plants. New plants develop from
  the roots, stems, or leaves of the parent plant.
  Potato eyes, strawberries, and Poison Ivy are
  good examples.

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• You must know this!
• Compare and contrast the processes of asexual and
  sexual reproduction, including the type and
  number of cells involved (one body cell in
  asexual, two cells in sexual), and the number of
  gene sets (body cells has two sets, sex cells
  have one set) passed from parent(s) to offspring.