Test Review AP World History Ch. 8-10

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Test ReviewAP World History Ch. 8-10

• Part II

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What is a Shogun? What was the position of
the emperor in Japan?

• A Shogun was the military leader of all Japan.
  This was achieved through military conquest
• The emperor was largely a dynastic title. The
  real power was held by the Shogun

3
Describe the feudal system in Japan during the
600-1200 C.E. period

• The Heiji War, marks the beginning of feudal
  Japan, for the relationship of various provincial
  generals and lords to the shogun was the
  relationship of vassals to a lord. The individual
  provinces were more or less independent their
  lords, or daimyo, took oaths of allegiance to the
  shogun.
• http//www.wsu.edu/dee/FEUJAPAN/FEUJAPAN.HTM

4
Political aspects of feudal Japan

• What was significant about the Kamakura
  shogunate?
• 1st of three de-centralized military led
  governments
• Rise of Samurai class of warriors

• Compare European and Japanese feudalism
• http//www.regentsprep.org/Regents/global/themes/p
  oliticalsystems/feudalism.cfm

5
Who is Murasaki Shikibu?

• Female noblewoman-author of Tales of the Genji
• Book about the son of the Japanese emperor in
  Kyoto around 1000 C.E.
• http//www.taleofgenji.org/summary.html

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• What technological achievements of the Koryo
  dynasty of Korea?
• Beautifully printed editions of Buddhist texts
• Woodblock printing
• Moveable type-improved by the Chinese led to more
  cheaply printed texts, available to all

• What is Champa rice?
• Originally from India, became the staple crop in
  southern Viet Nam (Champa) and was brought as
  tribute to the Song China court and became
  popular with Chinese farmers because it matured
  faster than their own rice variety.

7
Compare the philosophies of Buddhism and
Confucianism

• Although both began as guidelines for living,
  Buddhism has developed into a religion.
  Confucianism emphasized inner harmony with nature
  and ancestor veneration, but Buddhism focused on
  development of the individual with nirvana, or
  total spiritual satisfaction as the goal.
• http//www.cliffsnotes.com/WileyCDA/CliffsReviewTo
  pic/Hinduism-Buddhism-Confucianism-and-Taoism.topi
  cArticleId-26957,articleId-26930.html

8
What are the differences between Confucianism and
Neo-Confucianism?

• Neo-Confucianism became popular during the Song
  dynasty in China. It was a new interpretation of
  the teachings of Confucius. This new
  interpretation emphasized individual moral and
  social responsibility with the sage who deals
  with social problems calmly as the human ideal
• Pg. 258

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Buddhists Confucianists continued

• Neo-Confucianists Buddhists used meditation
• Civil examinations for government positions
  included questions from Confucian classics and
  although this meant that positions were based on
  merit, noble sons who had the time to study the
  classics were more often successful.
• Success meant good marriage prospects, high
  salary and prestige. Failure could ruin a man and
  his family

10
What factors contributed to the growth of cities
after 1200 C.E.?

• Communes of citizens demanded more autonomy for
  self-government
• Increase in agricultureincrease in population
  (use of horse collar, plow)
• Return to money based economymore craftspeople
  rather than farmers
• Development of manufacturing and trade

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Where is Kievan Rus?Why was it important to
trade?

• The Slav peoples, ruled by the Swedish Vikings
  (Varangians) who lived in the area of Kiev
  controlled the trade on the Dnieper and Volga
  Rivers, much of trade was with the Byzantine
  Empire (blue)
• Pg. 232

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Who are the Slavs?

• member of the most numerous ethnic and linguistic
  body of peoples in Europe, residing chiefly in
  eastern and southeastern Europe but extending
  also across northern Asia to the Pacific Ocean.
  Slavic languages belong to the Indo-European
  family. Customarily Slavs are subdivided into
  east Slavs (chiefly Russians, Ukrainians, and
  Belarusians), west Slavs (chiefly Poles, Czechs,
  Slovaks, and Wends, or Sorbs), and south Slavs
  (chiefly Serbs, Croats, Slovenes, and
  Macedonians). Bulgarians, though of mixed origin
  like the Hungarians, speak a Slavic language and
  are often designated as south Slavs.
• http//www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548156/S
  lav

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What factors led to the development of a middle
class in many post-classical societies?

• Change from subsistence farming to technological
  diffusion, increase in population and
  consequently trade increases led to the
  development of a merchant class. The merchant
  class developed power through control of the
  economy.

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What effect did the Franks have on Europe?

• member of a Germanic-speaking people who invaded
  the western Roman Empire in the 5th century ad.
  Dominating present-day northern France, Belgium,
  and western Germany, the Franks established the
  most powerful Christian kingdom of early medieval
  western Europe. The name France (Francia) is
  derived from their name.
• http//www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/217113/F
  rank

15
In general, what rights did women have before 800
C.E.?

• Some rights in marriage as to choice of partner
  or to choose divorce
• Some rights to property, laws upheld their rights
  to have protection and support from a husband
• Women had control of the home and children
  although subservient to the husband.
• Some women could work outside the home in
  markets or as mid-wives.

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Comparison Questions
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Compare the Tang dynasty with the Byzantine empire

• Tang
• Christianity became popular but Buddhism was
  predominant
• Major trade center of Asia on Silk Road
• Built on accomplishments of Sui dynasty
• Tang Code of laws streamlined legal system

• Byzantine
• Christianity became predominant religion
• Major trade inter-section on Silk Road
• Built on accomplishments of Roman Empire
• Justinian Code of laws streamlined legal system

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Compare classical Rome to the Islamic Golden Age

• Rome
• Innovations in architecture and building
  practical inventions such as aquaducts

• Islamic Golden Age
• Inventions were more intellectual such as
  mathmatics, astronomy, medicine

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How are the Song dynasty and Italian city-states
similar?

• Song
• River side cities became centers of bustling
  trade
• Canals improved travel in and between cities
• Flying money allowed credit in other cities

• Italian city-states
• Located on the rivers and seaways of Italy
• Dominated the maritime trade in the Mediterranean
• Cities became independent through the power of
  trade
• Gold coinage became prolific due to trade increase

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Compare the Byzantine Empire to Rome

• Byzantine
• Flourished due to location on Silk Road
• Christianity became predominant
• Art centered on religious icons
• Suffered from attacks from Germanic tribes and
  Muslims

• Rome
• Began to lose economic stability due to droughts
  plague
• Polytheism
• Art was bas-relief, realistic sculpture in stone
• Suffered attacks from Germanic tribes

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How did you do?

• Good Luck!