??????????? ?? ??????????? .NET ? .NET Framework

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??????????? ?? ??????????? .NET? .NET Framework
???????????? ?? .NET Framework
??????? ?????
?????????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???????
academy.devbg.org
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??????????

1. ????? ? .NET?
2. ??????????? ?? ??????????? Microsoft .NET
3. ????? ? .NET Framework?
4. ??????????? ?? .NET Framework
5. Common Language Runtime (CLR)
6. ?????????? ???
7. ???????? ???? MSIL
8. ????????? ? ?????????

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?????????? (2)

1. .NET ??????????
2. Application domains
3. Common Language Specification (CLS), Common Type
   System (CTS)
4. Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) ?
   ???????????? ?? ???????? ?????
5. Framework Class Library
6. ??????????? ????? ?? ?????????? Visual Studio

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??????? ?? Microsoft ?? .NET

• ???????????
• ?? ????? ??????????
• ?????????
• ?? ????? ?????

XML Web ???????????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?
????????????
???????????
????????????
???????
???????
??????
??????? ??????????? ?????????????? ?? ???????
?????????? ?? ??????? ? ?????????
?????????? ?? ??????????
?????????? ?? ???????
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????? ? ??????????? .NET?

• ?????????? ?? ??????????
• ???????? ?????? ? ????????????
• ????????? ? ?? ????? ??????????
• ??????????????? ?????????????? ?? ??????????,
  ?????????? ? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ?
  ??? ??????
• ??????? ?? Microsoft ?? ?????????? ?? ???????????
  ??????????
• ?????????, ????? ???????? ???? ?????

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????? ? .NET Framework?

• ????????? ?? ?????????? ? ?????????? ?? .NET
  ?????????? ? Web ??????
• ????? ?? ???????????? ?????????? ?? ??????????
  ???
• ????????? ?????, ?????????? ?? ??????? ? ??????
  ?????????????? ?? ??????????
• ???????????? ?? ??????? ?? ????????????
• .NET Compact Framework
• ????????? ?? ?????????? ? ?????????? ?? .NET
  ?????????? ?? ??????? ??????????

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????? ? .NET Framework 2.0?

• ?????? 2.0 ?? .NET Framework ??????? ?????
  ?????????? (?????? ?????? 1.1)
• ?????? 2.0 ?? ????? C ??????????????? ??????
  (generics), ?????? ??????
• ASP.NET 2.0 master pages, ???? ????????,
  ????????? ?????? ? ???? ?? ?????, ??-?????
  ??????????
• ADO.NET 2.0 ???? ??????????
• Windows Forms ???? ??????????

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?????????? ?? .NET Framework

• Common Language Runtime (CLR)
• ????? ?? ???????????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ???
  ???? ???? ????????? ??????
• ????????? .NET ????????????
• Framework Class Library (FCL)
• ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ??
  .NET ??????????
• ?????????? ????????? ?????????????? ??
  ?????????? ADO.NET, XML, ASP.NET, Web Services,
  Windows Forms, ...

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??????????? ?? .NET Framework

• ?? ????????? ?????????, ????????? ? ?????????????
  ?? ????????
• ????????? ?? ???????????? ????? ?????? (?????,
  COM, MSMQ, IIS, WMI)
• CLR ? ??????? ?????? ? ??

??????????? ???????
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??????????? ?? .NET Framework (2)

• CLR ????????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? .NET ???
• ????????? ???????, ???????????????, ???????????,
  ...

Common Language Runtime
??????????? ???????
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??????????? ?? .NET Framework (3)

• ?????? ???????-??????????? ?????????? ? ???????
  ???????
• ????????, ????-?????, ???????????????, ?????? ?
  ?????, ?????????? ?????????, ?????????,
  ??????????????,

Base Class Library
Common Language Runtime
??????????? ???????
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??????????? ?? .NET Framework (4)

• ?????? ?? ???? ?? ?????
• ??????? ? ????????? ????? ?? ??????? (DataSets)
• ????? ????????? ?? XML

ADO.NET and XML
Base Class Library
Common Language Runtime
??????????? ???????
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??????????? ?? .NET Framework (5)

• ????????????? ????????? ?? ???????????? Web
  ???????, Windows GUI, Web ??????,

ASP.NET Web Forms Web Services Mobile Internet
Toolkit
Windows Forms
ADO .NET and XML
Base Class Library
Common Language Runtime
??????????? ???????
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??????????? ?? .NET Framework (6)

• ???? ?? ???????????? ?? ?????!

Delphi
C
C
VB.NET
J
Perl
Common Language Runtime
??????????? ???????
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Common Language Runtime (CLR)

• ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??????????? ??????????
  (Managed Execution Environment)
• ????? ?? ???????????? ?????????? ?? ??????????
  .NET ????????? ???
• ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????? (???? JVM)
• ?? ? ????????????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ??
  ????? ?? ?????????? (JIT ??????????)
• ???????? ? ? ????????????? ??????????

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?????? ? ???????????? ?? CLR

• ???????????? ?? IL ???? ? JIT ????????????
• ?????????? ?? ??????? ? ????????? ?? ????????????
• ?????? ?? ????????
• ?????????????? ? ??
• ?????????? ?? ???????????
• Code access security
• Role-based security

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?????? ? ???????????? ?? CLR (2)

• ?????????? ?? ????????????
• ?????????? ?? ??????????????? ??????????
  ??????????? ?????????? ?? ????? (threads)
• ???????? ? ???????????? ???
• ????????? ?? ????????? ?? debug ? ????????????
  (profiling) ??? ?????????? ?? ??????????

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??????????? ?? CLR
Base Class Library Support
Thread Support
COM Marshaler
Type Checker
Exception Manager
Security Engine
Debug Engine
IL to Native JIT Compiler
Code Manager
Garbage Collector
Class Loader
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?????????? ??? (Managed code)

• ?????, ????? CLR ?????????
• ???????????? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????
  MSIL (Intermediate Language)
• ?????? ?? ?? ?????????
• ???????? ?? ???????, ??????????, ????????,
  ??????, ??????, ?????????
• ???????? ?? ???????????
• ??????????, ???????? ?? ????? .NET ????, ??
  ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??? (MSIL)

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?????????? ??? (2)

• ???????-??????????
• ??????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ? ?????? (type-safe)
• ???????
• ????????
• ????????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ????? ??
  ????????????
• ????????? ??????????? ????? ???????? ?????????

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???????????? ??? (Win32 ???)

• ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ? ????????
• ??????? ???????? ??? ???????????
• ??????? ???????? ? ????????????
• ?? ??????? ?????????, ????? ?? ???????
• ????????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ???
• ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?????????

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?????????? ?? ???????

• CLR ??????????? ????????? ???????
• ?????????-?????????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ? ?.
  ???. managed heap
• ?????????????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ??
  ?. ???. garbage collector
• ????? ?? ???-??????????? ???????? ?
  ?????????????? ?? ????? ??????????
• ?????? ?? ????? (memory leaks)
• ?????? ?? ?????????? ??? ???????????????? ?????
• ???????? ?? ????????? ???? ??????????

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Intermediate Language (MSIL, IL, CIL)

• ???? ?? ????? ???? (??????? ????)
• ??????? ???????????
• ???? ????????, ?? ? ???????-???????????
  ???????????
• ?????????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????
• ?????????? ?? ????????????? ? ????????? ??
  ??????????
• ?????????? ?? ????????? ?? ????????? ?????
• ????????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ???????????
  ?????????

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???????? ???????? ?? ????? MSIL
.method private hidebysig static void Main() cil
managed .entrypoint // Code size 11
(0xb) .maxstack 8 ldstr "Hello, world!"
call void mscorlibSystem.ConsoleWriteL
ine(string) ret // end of method
HelloWorldMain
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?????????? ? ??????????
??????????
Assembly (.EXE ??? .DLL ????)
- ?????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ???
??????????
- ????????????? ??? ???????????
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??? CLR ????????? MSIL?
trusted code
???? ?????????? ???
????????? ?? ???????????? ?????
??????????
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.NET ????????? (Assemblies)

• ????????? ?????????? DLL ? EXE ???????
• ???-??????? ??????? ?? ??????????????? ? CLR
• ???? ???????? ????? ?? ????????
• ???? ????????? ? ???????? (DLL hell)
• ????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ? ????
  ???????
• ???????? ?????????

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??????????? ? ???????????
???????? ?? ????????
???????, ??????????, ?????? ?????? ???????,
?????????????? ?????????? ????-??????????,
???????? ??????, ????????? ?? ????????, ???????
???????? ????????
???????? ?? ?????????
??? ?????? ???????????
?????? ??????
??????????? ?? ????? ????????? ????? (security
permissions) ???????????? ??????
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.NET ????????????

• ?????????????? ????????? ???????
• ??????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?????????
• ?????????? ?? ? ?????? ????????, ??? ??????
  ??????????? ?? ????????????
• ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ??????
  ?? ?????? ?????????
• ???? ????????
• ????? ??????????, ???????????? ? ??????????

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????????? ?? ????? ????? ? CLR

• Common Language Specification (CLS)
• ?????????? ?? ???????, ????? ?????? .NET ????? ??
  ????????? ?? ???????
• ??????????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ?????? .NET
  ?????
• ????????? ???????????? ????? ???????
• Intermediate Language (MSIL)
• Common Type System (CTS)
• ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? .NET ?????
• ????????? ???????????? ?? ???????

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Common Language Specification (CLS)

• ???? ??????? ???????????? (CLS)
• ??????? ?? ??????? ? ??????????, ?? ?????
  ????????? ?????? .NET ?????
• ????????? ???????????? ? ????? ??????????????
  ????? .NET ???????
• ???????? CLS ?????? ?????? .NET ????? ?? ??
  ???????-???????????
• ??? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ?? CLS ?????????
  ??????? ?? ???? ???????????? ? ??????? .NET ?????

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Common Type System

• ???? ??????? ?? ?????? (CTS)
• ???????? ???????????? ?? CLR ?????? ????? ?
  ???????? ??? ???
• ????????? ???????????? ?? ??????? ?????
  ?????????? .NET ?????
• String ? C ? ?????? ???? String ??? VB.NET ? ?
  J
• ?????????? ? ?????????? ??????
• ?????? ?????? ?????????? System.Object
• String ? ?????????? ???

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Common Language Infrastructure

• ??????????????? ???? ?? CLR
• ???????? ISO 232712003
• ?????? ??? ??????????, ???????? ?? ????????
  ?????, ????? ?? ?? ?????????? ? ???????? ?????
  ??? ?? ?? ???????? ? ?????????????
• .NET Framework ????????????? ?? CLI ?? Windows
• Mono ????????????? ?? CLI ?? UNIX ? Linux
  http//www.mono-project.com/

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?????????????? ? CLI

• Common Language Specification (CLS)
• Common Type System (CTS)
• Common Intermediate Language (CIL)
• ?????????? ?? ??????????
• ????????? ? ?????????
• ????? ?? .NET Framework Class Library
• ?? ?????? ? ???????????????!

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.NET ???????

• ?????, ???????????? ?? Microsoft
• C, C, J, VB.NET, JScript
• ????? ?? ????? ??????????
• Object Pascal, Perl, Python, APL, COBOL, Eiffel,
  Haskell, Oberon, Scheme, Smalltalk
• ??? ?? ???????? ????? ? ???? ??????
• ???????????? ? ????????, ? ?? ????????
• ???????????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ? ??????????
  ?? ??????????
• ?????? ??????? ?? ??????, ????????? ????? ?
  ?????????? ?? ???????

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?????? C

• ??????? ????? C, Java ? Delphi
• ??????? ??? ???????????-??????????o ????????????
• ??????????, ???????? ? ???????
• ??? ????? ????????? ?? C/C
• XML-???????? ????????????
• ???????? ?? GUI ? Web ??????????
• ? C ?????? ? ?????!
• ???????????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????
• ????. 5.ToString() ? ??????? ?????????
• C ? ?????????????? ?? ECMA ? ISO

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?????? C ??????
using System class HelloWorld static void
Main() Console.WriteLine("Hello,
world!")
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Framework Class Library (FCL)

• Framework Class Library ? ???????????? ??????????
  ?? .NET Framework
• ?????? ?? ??

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???????? ?? ???????????? FCL
System.Web
System.Windows.Forms
Services
UI
Design
ComponentModel
HtmlControls
Description
WebControls
Discovery
Protocols
System.Drawing
Caching
Security
Drawing2D
Printing
Configuration
SessionState
Imaging
Text
System.Data
System.Xml
ADO
SQL
XSLT
Serialization
Design
SQLTypes
XPath
System
Collections
IO
Security
Runtime
InteropServices
Configuration
Net
ServiceProcess
Remoting
Diagnostics
Reflection
Text
Serialization
Globalization
Resources
Threading
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Visual Studio

• ??????????? ????? ?? .NET ??????????
• ?????? ????????
• ????? ???????
• ?????????? ? SQL Server ? IIS
• ????? ????????? ?? ??? ??????
• ????????? ?? .NET ??????????
• ?????????? ?? ??????????? ? ????????? ?? ????
  ?????????

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Visual Studio (2)

• ???????? ???????????? ???????????-???????????,
  ???????? ?? ???????
• ???????? ????? C, C, VB.NET ? J
• ?????? ? ?????????? ? ???????????? ???
• ??????? ????????? (wizards) ? ?????????
• Windows Forms Designer
• ASP.NET Web Forms Designer
• ADO.NET DataSet Designer
• ?????? ????? ?????? ??????

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??????? ?? Visual Studio 2005
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??????????? ?? ??????????? .NET ? .NET Framework
????????
http//academy.devbg.org/dotnet/
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??????????

1. ??????? ???????? .NET Framework. ?? ?????
   ?????????? ?? ?????? ???
2. ????? ???????????? ??????? ?? ????????????
   ?????????? ?? ????????? ??? Common Language
   Runtime (CLR)?
3. ????? ????????????? .NET ???????????
   (assemblies)?
4. ????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ?
   ????????????
5. ????? ?? .NET ?????????????
6. ???????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???? ???????.
7. ????? ? ?????????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????
   ????????? ?????? ???????????? native ???? ????? ?
   ?????????? ?? ????? MSIL?

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??????????

1. ????? ? Common Language Specification (CLS)? ????
   ? ?????????? ???
2. ????? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?
   .NET Framework (Common Type System)?
3. ???????? ??????? ?? .NET ???????. ????? ? ??????
   ????? ????
4. ????? ? Framework Class Library (FCL)? ?????
   ?????????????? ???????? ???