Effective Partnerships: What Role in Migration and Development?

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Effective Partnerships What Role in Migration
and Development?
Louka T. Katseli

• Migration and Development World Bank and OECD
  Development Centre Conference
• 23-24 May 2007

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Gaining from Migration Report
http//www.oecd.org/dataoecd/29/51/38422104.pdf

• Joint initiative OECD Development Centre,
  Migration Policy Institute and individual
  experts, supported by DG Employment (EC) and OECD
• Official launch 13 September 2007 at EU
  Presidency Conference on EU Legal Migration

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Enriched by comments from
29 March 07 Brussels Experts Meeting
23-24 May 07 World Bank Conference on Migration
and Development
9-10 July 07 Global Forum on Migration and
Development
12 June 07 Berlin Conference on Migration and
Development
26-27 April 07 Rhodes Conference on Migration
and Development A Euro-Mediterranean
Perspective
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Gaining from Migration Key Outputs
Final Report (proposals for managing a new
mobility system)
Evaluative reviews what do we know about
Policy Briefs synthesising policy lessons
regarding

• Migration, employment, growth
• Challenges for integration
• Diaspora networks
• Migration and development

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Gaining From Migration Main Messages

• Large gains through labour mobility
• Emerging global labour-mobility system requires
  new thinking
• Old dichotomies (skilled/unskilled
  sending/receiving countries temporary/permanent
  migration labour-based vs. family migration)
  have become dysfunctional
• Needed an orderly system to cover job-market
  needs based on realistic occupational
  qualifications

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Management and perceptions of the system need
overhauling

• Smart, renewable permits
• Temporary, cyclical migration schemes
• Major simplification of bureaucratic and
  administrative procedures for legal admission,
  residence and work permits
• A monitoring and information sharing system

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Migration and development policies need to be
interlinked

• Receiving country migration policies must be
  viewed through a development lens (to assess
  their impact on skills, labour markets, poverty)
• Sending-country development policies must be
  viewed through a migration lens
• The role of aid to smooth adjustment and build
  capacity in sending countries

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Regional and Multilateral Initiatives are Also
Needed

• Regional (not merely bilateral) co-operation is
  needed to facilitate migration management,
  circularity, development
• Regional governance schemes need to be
  strengthened
• WTO GATS Mode 4 provisions can facilitate
  orderly market creation, sharing of
  responsibilities and more effective
  intermediation by foreign firms

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Effective partnerships can facilitate management
of the global labour-mobility system

• Sending and receiving countries must be involved
• but also
• Diaspora networks
• The private sector (employers, banks)
• Transit countries
• International or intergovernmental organisations
  (World Bank, EU) can help develop principles and
  a framework for such partnerships

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Effective Partnerships Four levels
1. Managing mobility
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Effective Partnerships Whats Involved? (1)

• (1) Mobility management
• Smart, renewable permits
• Information, communication and monitoring systems
• Simplification of admission, readmission and
  deportation procedures
• Specification of rights and responsibilities of
  migrants
• (2) Managing labour markets
• Opening up channels for legal immigration/emigrati
  on
• Agreed principles for regularisation procedures
• Portability of social security benefits
• Revisit codes of ethical conduct
• Phasing of benefits for immigrants
• Re-deployment of human-resources and
  replenishment of labour-market needs, supported
  by development assistance

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Effective Partnerships Whats Involved?

• (3) Managing economic adjustment
• Fiscal impact and burden sharing
• Regional integration
• Financing infrastructure investment and
  improvements in social-delivery systems
• Innovative financial instruments for local
  development
• Reducing costs and improving access for
  remittances
• Diaspora for development programmes
• (4) Managing social and political adjustment
• Urban and social policies
• Engagement of diaspora communities in integration
  and development
• Second and third generation migrants
• Legal and political rights of migrants

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Effective Partnerships For Whom?

• Benefits for
• Migrants
• Protection of human rights,
• Improved information,
• Lowering of costs
• Receiving countries
• Legal vs. irregular migration
• An orderly system for labour-market needs
• Sustainable co-operation and burden-sharing with
  sending countries
• Improved integration prospects
• Sending countries
• Smoother adjustment to emigration
• Strengthened replenishment capacity
• Improved financial benefits
• Expanded investment in human capital formation

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For more info www.oecd.org/dev/migration
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Thank you for your attention!