Sexually Transmitted Infections

1
Chapter 25

• Sexually Transmitted Infections HIV/AIDS

2
The Risk of STIs

• Sexually transmitted disease (STD) or Sexually
  transmitted infections are infectious diseases
  spread from person to person through __________
  contact

3
STDs The Hidden Epidemic

• ________________ occurrences of disease in
  which many people in the same place at the same
  time are affected
• Many people are __________________ meaning they
  are without symptoms
• Even though STDs are diagnosed they are not
  always reported

4
High Risk Behaviors

• Being sexually active with more than 1 person
• Engaging in unprotected sex
• Selecting high-risk partners
• Using alcohol and other drugs

5
Consequences of STDs

• Some STDs are _____________ Some symptoms can
  be treated but the virus can still remain in the
  body
• Some STDs cause ____________ hepatitis B virus
  can cause cancer of the liver. HPV can cause
  cancer of the cervix

6
Consequences of STDs

• Some STDs can cause complications that affect the
  ability to reproduce females can develop
  _________ which can damage the reproductive
  organs
• Some STDs can be passed from an infected female
  to her child before, during or after birth

7
Preventing an STD through abstinence

• ___________________ the deliberate decision to
  avoid harmful behaviors, including sexual
  activity before marriage and the use of tobacco,
  alcohol, and other drugs

8
Common STIs

• Lesson 2

9
Human Papillomavirus

• ________________-__Or_________ is a virus that
  can cause genital warts or asymptomatic infection
• A _______ test and other medical examinations may
  detect changes associated with HPV
• Most cases appear to be temporary and are
  probably cleared by the immune system

10
Genital Warts

• These are pink or reddish warts with cauliflower
  like tops that appear on the genitals, the
  vagina, or the cervix one to three months after
  infection from HPV
• Diagnosis is determined by a _______ worker by
  examination of the warts

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Genital Warts

• Examination treatment is essential, because
  once you have acquired the virus you have it for
  _________

12
Chlamydia

• Chlamydia is a bacterial infection that affects
  the reproductive organs of both males and females
• It is ______________ often goes undetected
• It is diagnosed by laboratory examinations of
  secretions
• It can be treated with ____________

13
Genital Herpes

• Genital Herpes is an STD caused by the herpes
  simplex virus. There are 2 types
• Herpes Simplex ___ usually causes cold sores
• Herpes Simplex _____ usually causes genital sores
• ________ types can infect the mouth and the
  genitals

14
Genital Herpes

• Genital Herpes is another one of the viruses that
  once you have contracted it, you have it for
  life!
• The ____________ can spread even when no signs or
  symptoms are present
• Medication can help prevent outbreaks and help
  control herpes but there is no cure

15
Gonorrhea

• Gonorrhea is a bacterial STD that usually affects
  mucous membranes
• ____ of all females show no symptoms of
  gonorrhea
• It can be treated with __________
• It is diagnosed by examining the discharge from
  males and females

16
Trichomoniasis

• Trichomoniasis is an STD caused by a microscopic
  ________________ that results in infections of
  the vagina, urethra, and bladder
• The disease could lead to ________ in women and
  inflammation of the vagina characterized by a
  discharge

17
Syphilis

• Syphilis is an STD that attacks many parts of the
  body and is caused by a small bacterium called a
  ___________
• The disease spreads throughout the blood stream
  and if left untreated will lead to damage of the
  liver and other organs

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No Symptoms

• The following STDs can be present without any
  symptoms (asymptomatic)
• Chlamydia, ______________, Genital Herpes,
  Trichomoniasis, some _______ Viruses

19
HIV / AIDS

• Lesson 3

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AIDS / HIV

• __________ Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
• __________ Human Immunodeficiency Virus

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How HIV Attacks Cells

• 1. HIV attaches to cell surface
• 2. Virus core enters cell and goes to nucleus
• 3. Virus makes a copy of its genetic material
• 4. New virus assembles at cell surface
• 5. New virus breaks away from host cell

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HIV the human body

• As the virus enters your body and takes over
  cells, it reproduces and looks to decrease the
  number of T cells. Therefore making the immune
  system more susceptible to disease
• ________________ Infections are infections that
  occur in individuals who do not have healthy
  immune systems

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How HIV is transmitted

• HIV can only be transmitted 1 of ___ ways
• Through Blood
• ___________
• Vaginal Secretion
• ______________

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How is HIV transmitted

• HIV enters cells of the ___________ system, where
  it makes more viruses that break away and attack
  other cells

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HIV Rumors

• You ______ get HIV from the following
• ________________
• Toilet Seats
• ________________
• Hugging
• ____________ Bites

26
Treatment for HIV AIDS

• Lesson 4

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Stages of HIV infection

• Stage 1 ________________ stage a period of time
  during which a person infected with HIV has no
  symptoms
• During this stage a person may show no signs for
  6 months to 10 years
• However, the virus continues to grow the
  infected person can still transmit the virus

28
Stages of HIV infection

• Stage 2 ________________ Stage the stage in
  which a person infected with HIV has symptoms as
  a result of a severe drop in immune cells
• Such symptoms may include swollen glands, weight
  loss, and yeast infections

29
Stages of HIV infection

• Final Stage __________, during the ladder stage
  of HIV infection, more serious symptoms appear
  until the infection meets the official definition
  of AIDS

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Detecting HIV

• There are basically _____ tests used in detecting
  HIV
• _______________________ test is a test that
  screens for the presence of HIV antibodies in the
  blood

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Detecting HIV

• The _________ test can give inaccurate results 2
  reasons include
• 1. Developing antibodies takes time perhaps the
  virus has not yet been completely developed in
  the body. Remember it could take many weeks
• (3-4 weeks) to get an accurate reading

32
Detecting HIV

• 2. Certain health conditions such as
  hemophilia, hepatitis, and pregnancy can cause
  false readings

33
Detecting HIV

• If the EIA test is positive then they will
  perform it a second time just to be sure that
  the results are accurate.
• If this is the case then they move onto another
  test called the _______________ Test

34
Detecting HIV

• _____________________is the most common
  confirmation test for HIV in the United States
• If this test comes back positive that means that
  all 3 tests have came back positive and then the
  person is determined to have HIV or HIV-Positive