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Welcome to England in the sixteenth century
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This is where we are going to start our journey
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We are going to..
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William Shakespeare
The River Avon

• William Shakespeare's parents lived in
  Stratford-on-Avon. This means the city named
  Stratford and is placed by the River Avon.

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William Shakespeare

• His mothers name was Mary Arden and she came
  from a landowning family in the neighbourhood of
  Stratford.
• His father owned some land. In 1590 he is known
  to have owned two houses in Henely Street. One of
  them is shown to visitors as William
  Shakespeares birth place.
• There are civic documents that tell us that the
  father seems, on more than one occasion, to have
  been in debt.

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William Shakespeare

• We dont know exactly when Shakespeare was born.
  There are no document which tell us the date.
  What we do know is the fact that he was baptised
  on the 26th of April 1564. There is a mark in the
  register of Trinity Church at Stratford-on-Avon.
• We do not know so much more about his childhood.
  There are no records that he attended any of the
  schools in Stratford. But it seems likely, in
  view of his fathers position in town, that
  William attended the Stratford grammar school.

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William Shakespeare

• His marriage, to a woman called Ann Hathaway, was
  contracted in haste, a special licence having
  obtained from the Bishop of Worchester on the
  27th of November 1582.
• Seven months later, on the 26th of May 1583 the
  eldest daughter Susanna was born. She married a
  doctor in 1607, John Hall. He had been in
  practice at Stratford since 1600, it seems quite
  possible that Shakespeare got some knowledge of
  medicine, shown in Shakespeares plays from him
• In 1585 two other children were born to them, The
  twins Hamnet and Judith. Hamnet died as a small
  boy 1596. Judith died 1662.
• William and his wife probably lived apart during
  the years Shakespeare was active as an actor and
  dramatist, but he went back to live with his wife
  in 1611

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William Shakespeare

• His career started around (roughly) 1590 and he
  was producing until 1610.
• When he stopped writing he had done
• 2 long poems
• 150 sonnets
• a few other poems
• 37 plays

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William Shakespeare

• Some of his famous plays are
• Romeo and Juliete
• A Midsummer Nights dream
• Hamlet
• King Lear
• Macbeth
• As you like it
• The Merchant of Venice
• Othello
• There are few of the plays where the original
  manuscript is preserved. Most of the plays have
  been published after Shakespeares death.

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William Shakespeare

• At the same time as he was writing his works, he
  was an actor and a part-owner of a theatrical
  company.
• At this time it was not so common with large
  theatres. Instead small companies travelled
  around the country and performed plays and read
  poems.

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William Shakespeare

• The plays that these companies performed were
  often satires of the persons who ruled the
  country. Not always mentioned with his or her
  name. Instead the writers of the plays used
  synonyms. They could also use descriptions so
  that no one could miss who they referred to.
• The companies were also often owned by a wealthy
  man. One example is The Earl of Leicesters
  company.
• These wealthy families showed their fortune by
  having actors employed. They were there to
  entertain the wealthy family and their guests.
• One of these companies visited Stratford in 1587.
  Maybe it was then Shakespeare took his chance and
  followed them to London

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William Shakespeare
Queen Elizabeth
She succeeded her sister Mary Tudor in 1588. She
ruled England to her death in 1603. She was never
married and had no children. This was very
uncommon at that time.
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William Shakespeare

• Some critics have since the middle of the
  nineteenth century tried to ascribe Shakespeares
  works to Francis Bacon and a number of other
  authors.
• These theories are not true. Today most people
  really believe that is was Shakespeare himself
  who wrote all the plays that bear his name.
• In the whole world there are only 8 original
  signatures from William Shakespeare left.

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William Shakespeare

• The famous theatre in London where Shakespeare is
  said to have performed his plays is called the
  Globe Theatre. The original building was placed
  on the banks of the River Thames. Unfortunately
  we can not see the original building today since
  it has been torn down.
• This is a picture of a full scale model, also
  built on the banks of Thames

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William Shakespeare

• Observe the stage in the middle of the building
  with the balconies around it.
• By this time women were forbidden to perform on
  stage so all the parts which required women were
  played by either boys or young men.

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William ShakespeareThe Globe
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William Shakespeare

• Shakespeare died on April 23 and was buried on
  April 25 1616. He was then 52 years old and a
  quite wealthy man
• His epitaph reads
• Good friend for Jesus sake forbeare To digg the
  dust encloased heare Blese be ye man yt spares
  thes stones And curst be he yt moves my bones.

Holy Trinity Church in Stratford-upon-Avon
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William Shakespeare
Sonnets became popular around 1550. The way of
writing came from Italy and it was introduced in
England by a writer named Wyatt (1503-42) There
are always 14 lines in a sonnet and it is divided
into 3 quatrains. The sonnet often tells us
about a beautiful woman and it glorifies
her. When you read a sonnet you have to use your
imagination. It is written with pictures.
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William Shakespeare
Sonnet 18 Shall I compare thee to a summers
day? Thou art more lovely and more
temperate Rough winds do shake the darling buds
of May, And summers lease hath all too short a
date Sometime too hot the eye of heaven
shines And often is his gold complexion
dimmed And everyfair from fair sometimes
declines, By chance or natures changing course
untrimmed But thy eternal summer shall not
fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou
owst Nor shall death brag thou wanderst in his
shade, When in eternal lines to time thou
growst So long as men canbreath, or eyes can
see So long lives this, and this gives life tho
thee
1609
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William Shakespeare
Sonnet 18 First quatrain Shall I compare thee to
a summers day? Thou art more lovely and more
temperate Rough winds do shake the darling buds
of May, And summers lease hath all too short a
date

• Shakespeare compares his love to a summer day. In
  this comparison she is more beautiful and more
  humble than summer can ever be.
• The summer is not perfect but he says that she is
  even better. The summer will eventually end when
  the fall comes.

1609
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William Shakespeare
Sonnet 18 Second quatrain Sometime too hot the
eye of heaven shines And often is his gold
complexion dimmed And every fair from fair
sometimes declines, By chance or natures
changing course untrimmed

• Even if the summer is wonderful and lovely
  sometimes it can be a little bit too much. The
  sun, that is the eye in the sky, shines to much
  and it can be too warm. The clouds can cover the
  sun so that you can not see it but you know it is
  there anyway.
• In the third line we are told that even a
  beautiful person cease to be beautiful
• It happens either through a coincidence /by
  chance/ or by nature

1609
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William Shakespeare

• Sonnet 18
• Third quatrian
• But thy eternal summer shall not fade,
• Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst
• Nor shall death brag thou wanderst in his shade,
• When in eternal lines to time thou growst
• Her eternal summer beauty will never go away
  /shall not fade /, nor will she loose possession
  of the beauty that she is the owner of /nor lose
  possession of that fair thou owst/
• She will age in a beautiful way and an old woman
  can also be beautiful
• The last line hints that what is written is
  forever /eternal/

1609
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William Shakespeare
Sonnet 18 So long as men can breath, or eyes can
see So long lives this, and this gives life tho
thee As long as humans can breath and eyes can
see so long will this poem live on, (what is
written is eternal) and thereby it will give her
life. She will never be forgotten, remembered
forever.
1609
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• William Shakespeare
• PPlays
• Three kinds of plays
• Tradgedies
• Hamlet
• Romeo Juliet
• Macbeth
• Comedies
• The merchant of Venice
• A midsummer Nights dream
• Historical dramas
• Richard III
• Henrik IV
• Henrik V

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William Shakespeare

• Famous quotations written by Shakespeare
• To be or not to be, that is the question
  Hamlet
• Give every man thy ear, but few thy
  voice Hamlet
• Something is rotten in the state of
  Denmark Hamlet
• Look like the innocent flower. But be the
  serpent under it. Macbeth
• By the pricking of my thumbs. Something wicked
  this way comes Macbeth
• is rotten in the state of Denmarkve ev

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William Shakespeare

• Famous quotations written by Shakespeare
• Love looks not with the eyes, but with the mind,
  And therefore is winged Cupid painted blind A
  midsummer Nights dream
• If you prick us, do we not bleed? if you tickle
  us, do we not laugh? if you poison us, do we not
  die? and if you wrong us, shall we not revenge?
  The Merchant of Venice
• The fool doth think he is wise, but the wise man
  knows himself to be a fool
• As you like it
• looks not with the eyes, but with the mind,And
  therefore is winged Cupid painted blindlooks not
  with the eyes, but with the mind,And therefore
  is winged Cupid painted blind