Osteoporosis

1
Osteoporosis
2
What is Osteoporosis?

• A person with osteoporosis has lost a significant
  amount of bone mass and is subsequently at
  increased risk for fracture

3
Healthy vs Osteoporotic Bone (NOF)
4
Osteoporosis

• Like other conditions, osteoporosis is a silent
  disease
• Osteoporosis is different from arthritis
• Picture source Ourhealthnetwork.com

5
Osteoporosis

• Bone is very metabolically active tissue
• Some cells, osteoblasts, build new bone
• Some cells, osteoclasts, take away old bone
• When bone loss (resorption) exceeds formation,
  osteoporosis can develop over time
• Video clip (YouTube, 055)

6
Two Types of Bone Tissue Cortical Trabecular

• Cortical bone
• Also known as compact bone
• Appendicular skeleton
• Pelvis, limbs

7
Two Types of Bone Tissue Cortical Trabecular

• Trabecular bone
• Also known as cancellous bone
• Also known as spongy bone
• More prone to osteoporosis
• Bone turnover faster
• Axial skeleton
• Skull
• Ribs
• Sternum
• Spine

8
Osteoporosis Vulnerable Areas

• Spine
• Hip
• Although hip contains cortical bone, the area
  vulnerable to fractures is largely trabecular

9
Uncontrollable Risk Factors

• Age
• The older the individual, the higher the risk
• Sex
• Women are at higher risk until advanced age
• Race/ethnicity
• Caucasian, individuals of Asian descent more at
  risk
• Family history

10
Uncontrollable Risk Factors

• Body frame size
• Often assessed at wrist (circumference) or elbow
  (breadth)
• The smaller the frame, the higher the risk
• Calculator (myfooddiary.com)
• Some medical disorders
• If calcium absorption is negatively impacted
• If excessive steroid hormones are released

11
Controllable Risk Factors

• Diet
• Low in calcium, Vitamin D
• High in protein
• High in caffeine
• Physical inactivity
• Weight bearing exercise helps
• Smoking
• Tobacco use increases risk
• Complicated reduced calcium absorption lower
  weight nicotines impact on osteoblasts, lower
  Vitamin D

12
Controllable Risk Factors

• Eating disorders
• Anorexia nervosa increases risk
• Female athlete triad anorexia, amenorrhea,
  osteoporosis
• Excessive alcohol intake
• Consumption greater than 2-3 beverages/day
• Interference with calcium absorption

13
Osteoporosis Quiz Whats Your Risk?

• University of Arizona, College of Agriculture and
  Life Sciences