Electronic Table of Contents and Publisher Summaries: Keys to the Library's Book Collections

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Electronic Table of Contents
and Publisher SummariesKeys
to the Library'sBook Collections

• David Williamson
• Cataloging Automation Specialist
• Cataloging Directorate
• Library of Congress

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TOC CountsGo to toccounts.html
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http//www.loc.gov/catdir/beat/
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Bibliographic Enrichment

Advisory Team

• Formed in Dec. 1992 as a Cataloging Directorate
  initiative
• Grant from the Edward Lowe Foundation
• Purpose To improve LC bibliographic products and
  services

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Working Outside the Box

• To develop tools to aid in creating and locating
  information
• To develop innovative workflows and policies
• To prepare pilot projects for production (Proof
  of Concept)

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Rules of the Game

• Projects can not distract from Library priorities
  (e.g. arrearage reduction)
• Projects should demonstrate their
  cost-effectiveness
• Projects populated by volunteer staff with
  minimal disruption to regular assignments

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Resources

• 22 participating staff from 12 divisions in 4
  directorates forming cross-cutting teams
• Lowe Foundation grant
• Support of the Director for Cataloging and the
  Director for Public Services and Collections for
  hardware and software

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Some AccomplishmentsTCEC

• Text Capture and Electronic Conversion
• CCQ 223/4 Brown Williamson Cataloging at the
  Library of Congress in the Digital Age, 1996
• Planning and Implementing Technical Services
  Workstations, 1997, M. Kaplan, editor. Chapter 9
  Custom Applications the Library of Congress
  Experience
• Eliminates the need to re-key data
• Programmatically provides MARC coding and ISBD
  punctuation
• Converts capitalization in the title, subtitle
  and table of contents

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Some AccomplishmentsBEOnline

• Goal To provide both bibliographic and direct
  access to selected online resources
• Model for identifying, selecting, and cataloging
  of Web resources
• Development of selection policies
• Creation of cataloging framework
• Interactive workflow with traffic manager
• Uses CORC (now)

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Some AccomplishmentsLCC and LCSH

• Financed conversion of T, QA, P, Z, JZ revision
  of HJ some K development, thus contributing to
  foundation of Classification
• Financed project to enrich LCSH with additional
  headings and references from alternative BE
  thesauri

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Current Projects Reviews

• Beginning 1999, annotating LC bibliographic
  records with annotations from the Outstanding
  Reference Sources annual list
• Beginning 2002, working with reference
  specialists to identify other possible sources
  for reviews

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Current ProjectsAdditional Analytics Access

• Links from LC catalog records to full-text
  electronic versions of many social science mono
  series of the working paper/ discussion paper
  type
• Access provided to full range of publications of
  such important institutions as National Bureau of
  Economic Research
• Undertaken in cooperation with the Joint
  IMF/World Bank Library

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Tables of Contents ProjectsTheoretical
Foundation

• Discovery Retrieval We must provide more
  information online about what our print
  collections hold, so that potential users of our
  holdings can more easily discover the treasurers
  they contain. Roy Tennant, LJ, Dec. 15, 2001

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Tables of Contents ProjectsTheoretical
Foundation

• Enabling Subject Access The limited number of
  subject headings assigned to monographs as well
  as the practice of providing a more general
  subject heading for a monograph that covers
  several more specific topics resulted in very
  inadequate subject access to monographs.
  Vinh-The-Lam

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Tables of Contents ProjectsTheoretical
Foundation

• Entry Level Vocabulary
• 505 and 520 notes account for the largest
  percentage increase in the number of unique words
  in bibliographic records, with averages of 15.5
  new subject terms per record. Calhoun Markey,
  1987.
• If a bridge to bib records is established, key
  words would provide effective access to
  controlled vocabularies. Bates others, 1990s.

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Tables of Contents Projects
Many students prefer the chaos of the web to the
drudgery of the library New York Times, August
10, 2000
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Ways to Get TOCs into Bib Records

• Catalogers manually type in the TOC
• Automated through ECIP
• Automated through ONIX
• Automated through DTOC

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BEATs Tables of Contents Projects

• ECIP TOC Electronic CIP manuscripts provided by
  publishers applying for CIP data
• ONIX TOC ONline Information eXchange data used
  by publishers to transfer bibliographic data
• Digital TOC Scanned from published books in the
  cataloging stream
• ECIP DTOC hybrid using ECIP info in the DTOC
  style workflow

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E-CIP TOC Production

• Month E-CIPs
• FY01 7468
• Aug. 768
• Sept. 515
• Oct. 745
• Nov. 933
• Dec. 927
• Jan. 1582
• Feb. 1600
• March 1670
• April 1760

• With TOC 50
• 1304 17 3734
• 199 26 384
• 148 29 258
• 196 26 372
• 302 32 467
• 305 33 464
• 506 32 791
• 518 32 800
• 489 29 835
• 494 28 880

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ECIP TOC DemonstrationShow E-CIP cataloging if
possible
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ONIX Project

• ONIX ONline Information eXchange
• MARC for publishers or HTML for publishers
• Used to send/receive publication information
• Used more in Europe but gaining in US

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ONIX TOCShow sample ONIX record
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ONIX Project

• Programming written on overtime using BEAT funds
• Created August 2001
• TOC files extracted over Labor Day weekend
• TOC files cleaned up and linked in 856 field
  September December 2001

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ONIX Project

• John Wiley Publishers provided the first file of
  ONIX records
• File contained 17K records
• 15K had TOC at that time
• 12K were in LC
• 10,090 unique TOCs extracted and linked

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ONIX Project Wiley

• 13,160 TOCs to date
• American Hospital Pub.
• Cliffs Notes
• Howell Book House
• Hungry Minds
• IDG Books ( for Dummies)
• IEEE Press
• Jossey-Bass
• Macmillan
• Pfeiffer

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ONIX Project

• Houghton Mifflin provided second file of ONIX
  records
• 4,045 records in the file
• 113 TOC files extracted and linked

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ONIX Project Houghton Mifflin

• 113 records
• Chambers
• Chapters
• Clarion Books
• Kingfisher
• Larousse
• Ticknor Fields

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ONIX Project McGraw-Hill

• 3,375 TOCs
• Appleton Lange
• Brown Benchmark
• International Marine
• Irwin
• Osborne
• Ragged Mountain Press
• TAB Books
• W.C. Brown

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ONIX Project Cambridge

• 12,975 TOCs
• Center for the Study of Lang. Info.
• Mathematical Assoc. of America
• SIGS Books
• St. Martins Press
• Stanford University Press

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ONIX Project Problems
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ONIX Project Problems
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ONIX Project Problems

• Inconsistency in coding
• vs. apos vs. 039
• Inconsistency inter-record and intra-record
• Inconsistency from publisher to publisher

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ONIX TOC DemonstrationGo to ONIX files on web
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Digital TOC(DTOC) PROJECT
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DTOC

• PROCESS
• TOCs are digitally scanned into images
• Images are edited and converted into text using
  Prime Recognition OCR software
• Files are HTML coded and mounted on LC web server

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Selection of DTOC Items

• Taken from current English-language imprints of
  research value
• TOCs must be laid out in straight-forward manner
• TOCs must have meaningful chapter titles

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Current Status of DTOC

• Currently 2800 TOCs linked to bib records in the
  856 field
• All subject areas are currently covered
• Currently processing approximately 100 new TOCs
  per week
• Goal is 50 new TOCs per day

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DTOC STAFF

• SELECTORS
• Bill Vernigor for ASCD
• Daiva Barzdukas for HLCD
• Gabe Horchler for SSCD
• Bruce Knarr for RCCD

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DTOC STAFF

• PROCESSORS
• Herb Garrett
• Lavette Lee
• Melissa Young
• Bob August
• Young Ki Lee
• Helen Pritchett

• TECHNICAL
• Bob August
• OVERSIGHT
• John Byrum

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The Cost of TOC Information

• BEAT projects should demonstrate their
  cost-effectiveness
• Mid 80s experiment with staff member typing TOC
  information into 505 field approx. 35 per title
• DTOC initially around 10 per title with older
  hardware and software
• DTOC now with better hardware and software 2
  per title

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The Cost of TOC Information

• ECIP TOC up to 5 minutes of an average
  catalogers time 1.69 per title
• ONIX TOC cost of initial programming and TOC
  extraction for 10,090 Wiley TOCs .065 per
  record
• ONIX TOC cost of making link to bib record
  .065 per record

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Publisher Description Project

• ONIX files contain a lot of useful information,
  including publisher descriptions
• 2,196 descriptions from Houghton Mifflin
• 4,436 descriptions from McGraw-Hill
• 14,183 descriptions from Cambridge
• 20,815 total descriptions

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ONIX Publisher DescriptionsGo to ONIX files on
web
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Abstracts Summary Project

• BEAT desire to enhance bib records
• Abstracts Summary pilot to keep the bib
  enhancement project alive
• Reviews of ALAs Best Reference Books of the year
  added to the bib records in a 520 note (20-30 a
  year)

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The Uses and Usefulness of TOC Data
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DTOC Hits on Web
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TOC Survey Results

• August-December 2001

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How did you find this TOC file?

• Catalog record 216 (61)
• Internet 130 (37)
• TOC Files 10 ( 3)

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Was this TOC information useful to you?

• Yes 301 (83)
• No 57 (17)

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Did you click on thelink to go to the
bibliographic recordand related links?

• Yes 211 (58)
• No 150 (42)

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Did you look through the Library of Congress
catalog record thatlinks to this TOC?

• Yes 106 (58)
• No 78 (42)
• (n/a 181)

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Did you try any of the links for related authors,
subjects to look for related items in the LC
catalog?

• Yes 46 (37)
• No 78 (63)
• (n/a 236)

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Were these links useful to your research
interests?

• Yes 53 (67)
• No 26 (33)
• (n/a 278)

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How do you describe yourself?

• Student/Researcher 213 (58)
• Casual user 53 (14)
• Librarian 83 (23)
• Other 17 ( 4)

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User Comments

• I'm going to take the book out of the Brooklyn
  Library and I already found out it is available.
  If the book I wanted were checked out and not
  available, I might find this TOC file really
  helpful. For today, it just confirmed that I
  should go to the library ASAP and get the book,
  since it is dead on what I want.
• TOCs are goodbeats having to go to the library
  to just see whether you want the book.
• TOC was very useful in determining whether this
  book had information on my specific subject.

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User Comments

• Confirmed that this is a book I want to see.
• It was nice to finally get into a web site that I
  can access information directly without finding
  advertisements.
• Putting links like TOC speeds up the searches and
  are better than letting the search engines rumble
  though thousands of similar phrases.
• Very useful, but would have been more useful if
  the TOC had been in the catalogue record of my
  local OPAC.

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User Comments

• I look for them TOCs on book seller web sites
  all the time. I find TOC incredibly useful.
• I was able to decide that I needed the book.
• I decided not to check out the book.
• Nice, but how do I get access to the contents of
  the book?
• I hoped it was a full text version of the entire
  book. That would have been a happy surprise.

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User Comments

• The TOC availability was quite useful. If only
  the full text was online as well.
• At least abstract of paper should be displayed.
• Should provide a brief summary of the book.
• Particulars regarding price of the book, name of
  publisher etc. also could have been included for
  the benefit of prospective buyers.

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Librarian Comments

• Please experiment with including the table of
  contents in tag 505 .
• Prefer to have TOC in the MARC record so that it
  will be available for searching in out OPAC
• I'm copy cataloging a book right now. The link
  to this TOC saves me the effort of retyping the
  TOC in the local system. It saves time!
• Found it while cataloging the book. Saves me
  doing analytics! Will be as helpful as people
  are willing to realize it CAN be.

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Librarian Comments

• I found the TOC to be very helpful. My company
  often borrows books from other libraries. As a
  corporation, we are watching our budget. TOCs
  help me decide if a book would be worth the
  charges that I will incur with an ILL
• I have started a TOC collection for books for
  further review. Thanks! Selector
• As a collection development librarian, I find a
  review of the TOC a good index to the content
  level and focus of the publication.

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Librarian Comments

• We were interested in purchasing this book, but
  had little information from advertising blurb.
  This makes the decision to purchase the book much
  easier (takes out the guess work).
• Gave me more info on sections contained within
  the book, making a decision on how relevant the
  book was to my needs.
• Translated from Spanish It lets me order this
  item and helps in cataloging material when the
  TOC is present.

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Librarian Comments

• With our Australian dollar at an all time low, it
  costs us an average 120 to buy a book from
  oversees. TOC is the best way to get the most
  use out of the items we do buy. Keep up the good
  work!

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And One Final Comment

• You are all beating with the best drums! How
  enriching. Thank you.

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David Williamsondawi_at_loc.gov202.707.5179
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TOC CountsGo to toccounts.html