Early Years of the War

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Early Years of the War
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First Battle of Bull Run (Manassas)

• N named battle after nearest creek/river
• S named battle after nearest town
• N. Gen. McDowell marches troops SW of DC to fight
  southern troops lead by Gen. Beauregard
• Sunday afternoon, rich DC people bring picnic
  lunches to watch

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• Union outnumbers the South but Thomas Stonewall
  Jackson holds his ground
• Inspired rest of southern troops rebel yell is
  first heard
• Union troops panic and retreat back to DC, picnic
  goers get in the way huge mess
• McDowell fired and Lincoln appoints McClellan

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War at Sea

• North wanted to hurt South economically by
  cutting off trade with Europe
• N ships stretched from VA to Fl and in Gulf of
  Mexico to TX
• South tried using blockade runners to get into
  open ocean
• First submarine created The Huntley
• Ironclads see handout

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The War Out West

• After Bull Run not much happens in east for
  awhile each side regroups, trains
• Battles occur in TN, KY, and MS, North tries to
  split south by taking Miss and TN rivers
• N. Ulysses S. Grant wins battles in KY to prevent
  South from getting KY to secede

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Battle of Shiloh

• Huge battle near RR junction in Shiloh, MS
• Grants troops surprised early in morning by
  southern attack (Grant made mistakes)
• Battle lasts 2 days, very bloody, North wins with
  help of reinforcements

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• Both sides suffer huge casualties killed,
  wounded, or missing
• Bloody pond, Hornets Nest, Peach Orchard, pigs at
  night, stolen breakfast

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Seven Days Battle

• Lincoln orders McClellan to attack Richmond, he
  takes ships south along coast
• McClellan takes too much time, Lee prepares
  defenses
• Several battles take place between Richmond and
  the coast Seven Days Battles

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• North wins most of the battles but McClellan
  retreats each time
• Lee uses his cavalry lead by JEB Stuart to circle
  the Union forces hit and run attacks, cause
  major trouble
• JEB Stuart becomes a hero in newspapers,
  McClellan retreats back to DC

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Battle of Antietam

• Lee and Stonewall Jackson join their forces 20
  miles from DC
• Jefferson Davis orders Lee to invade Maryland
  wants to win major battle get support from Europe
• McClellans troops chase the Southerners and find
  battle plans wrapped around cigarsLees army was
  split in 5 parts McClellan too slow, misses
  chance

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• Two armies meet at Antietam Creek near
  Sharpsburg, MD
• Single bloodiest day in US history
• Heavy fighting at Burnsides Bridge, Bloody Lane,
  and the cornfield

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• Neither side really wins but South retreats
• McClellan didnt chase them, gets fired
• Lincoln uses this victory to free the slaves