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• Give a man a dole and you save his body and
  destroy his spirit. Give him a job and pay him
  an assured wage and you save both the body and
  the spirit.

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THEGREAT DEPRESSION

• A24
• 7.3.12

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Effects on Business Industry

• GNP drops 104 billion in 1929 to 56 billion in
  1933
• Total national income fell by over 50

• Business fails 100,000 between 1929 and 1933

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Effects on Business Industry

• Bank failures
• about 20 all banks (over 6000) between 1929 and
  1933)
• over 9 million savings accounts lost(2.5 billion)

Depositors gathering outside a bank, April 1933
Bank Failures, 1929-1933
1932
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Effect on workers and families

• Unemployment 25 in 1932?
• hobos

Men Lined Up at the New York City Employment
Bureau, 1932
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Effect on workers and families

• Malnutrition
• Disease tuberculosis, typhoid and dysentery.
• soup kitchens and bread lines

Soup kitchen, Chicago, 1930
Soup kitchen, 1931 (Cleveland)
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Effects on Farmers

• Drought hits Great Plains
• Dust Bowl
• Okies
• Farmers destroy crops and move West
• Resettlement Adminstration

Dust Bowl
Dust storm, Springfield, CO, 1935
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Dust storm, Elkhart, KS, 1937
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The Dust Bowl
Aftermath of dust storms, South Dakota, 1936
Dust Bowl Farm, Texas, 1938
Abandoned house, Kansas, April 1941
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Migrants
A Destitute Family in the Ozark Mountains. 1935
Okies migrate west in 1939
Dorthea Lange, Covered Wagon Again 1935
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Migrants in California
"Cheap Auto Camp Housing for Citrus Workers
Dorothea Lange, Tulare County, California, Feb.
1940
Migrant Auto Camp, California, 1936
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Migrant Mother Dorothea Lange 1936
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HOOVERS RESPONSE
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Federal Response Under Hoover

• Herbert Hoover (1929-1933)
• Philosophy limited government, individualism
• Initial response?
• public works programs

"Boulder Dam, 1942, Ansel Adams
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Shanty towns Hoovervilles
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Contemporary Political Cartoon
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1932 ELECTION

• Misery Sweeps Roosevelt into Office

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1932 ELECTION

• Franklin D. Roosevelt
• New Deal
• Wins by a land slide

Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1920 Vice Presidential
nominee for Democratic Party
Roosevelt Campaigning for Office in Kansas 1932
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NEW DEAL

• Willing to experiment with government power has
  more
• Provides relief for people who cant take care of
  selves
• Fireside Chats? The Only Thing We Have to Fear
  is Fear Itself
• Creates jobs with Public works programs Alphabet
  Soup
• Closes Banks and insures the in them. (FDIC)
• Social Security
• Increases peoples hope
• Doesnt end depression

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Criticisms

• Gave the govt too much power Socialism?
• Supreme Court declares acts unconstitutional
• Women and African Americans receive less aid
• Does too much/ not enough
• Brings about Second NEW DEAL
• Social Benefits, union support, higher taxes for
  rich
• SOCIAL SECURITY
• Doesnt end the Depression