The Rise of Big Business in America

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The Rise of Big Business in America

• Objective Students will analyze how big business
  shaped industrial progress in America to
  determine its affects on society
• Warm Up Answer the following questions using
  your textbook (these question will help you in
  our class discussion)
• Read Belief in Free Markets on 467, What is
  laissez-faire capitalism? And how is
  laissez-faire capitalism supported by Social
  Darwinism?
• Look at the map on page 462, what region had the
  most railroads. Why do you think this was so?

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Transcontinental Railroad

• In 1862 a transcontinental railroad project went
  underway and was completed by 1869
• Progress VS. Problem
• Effects of the Rail expansion
• Sped up settlement in the West
• Adoption of standard time efficiency (states
  had many local times)
• HUB Cities CHICAGO (Look at page 465)

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Laissez-Faire FREE TRADE

• American economic system is CAPITALIST (private
  industry runs business)
• By the late 1800s most businessmen believed in
  Laissez-faire (to let do) ? Conduct business
  without intervention by the government
• No government regulation/laws to conduct business
• The idea is that businesses will make laws that
  suit the people (because they want people to buy
  their products)
• Many businessmen believed in Social Darwinism
  SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST
• Weak businesses wont last and the strong
  businesses (hard workers) will come out on top

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Business Structure Change Shoe Maker to Shoe
Factory

• BEFORE Single/Partner businesses (owned and
  operated by one person with their money)
• 1860s Corporation A business with the legal
  status of an individual. It is owned by
  stockholders (people who buy a piece of the
  company). Major business decisions are made by a
  board
• RIGHTS OF COMPANIES STARTED TO HAVE MORE/EQUAL
  RIGHTS TO PEOPLE (Fair/unfair?)

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• WHAT IS THE AUTHOR SAYING ABOUT CORPORATIONS AND
  THE GOVERNMENT?

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Integration of companies/industries

• Vertical Integration Purchase of companies
  producing the supplies and the services upon
  which the main business depends
• Horizontal Integration Purchase of competing
  companies in the same industry
• BOTH KINDS LEAD TO LOTS OF MONEY BEING MADE BY
  BUSINESS OWNERS

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The Rise of Big Business in America
Objective Students will analyze how big business
shaped industrial progress in America to
determine its affects on society Warm Up Copy
the questions on the board for the movie Agenda
1. Industrialization Movie 2. Class Notes on Big
Business 3. Independent Work (make-up homework)
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Movie Questions Industrialization

• What is Industrialization?
• Describe how railroads affected
  Industrialization?
• Describe the Centennial Celebration in 1876, what
  things were exhibited in Machinery Hall?
• What did Alexander Graham Bell invent?
• Why were cities important for industrialization?
• How did humans threaten/hurt the natural
  resources of the United States with
  Industrialization? Which resources were depleted?
• What does the narrator mean by The United States
  had emerged by an economic colossus?

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The Rise of Big Business

• Objective Students will investigate business
  concepts to analyze its impact on the American
  economy of the 1870s and today.
• Warm UP Monopoly Cartoon Worksheet
• Classwork Business Worksheet (in partners or
  alone but fill out your own worksheet)
• NOTEBOOK CHECK

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Big Business Progress or Problem for America?

• Objective Students will investigate the rise of
  big business in American history to evaluate its
  affect on society (economically and socially)
• Agenda
• WARM UP Finish Chapter 14 Worksheet and REVIEW
  (10 minutes)
• Chapter 14 QUIZ Open Note/HW
• Scientific Innovation assignment Make a small
  (8x11 poster of your invention for our timeline)

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Monopolies and Trusts

• Trust When companies agreed to merge and turn
  over their separate stocks/rights to a board of
  trusties.
• The trusties than ran the group as if it were a
  single corporation.
• Monopoly When a trust gained complete control
  over an industry.
• Sherman Anti-Trust Act
• Made it illegal to form trusts that interfered
  with free trade
• Bill Gates and Microsoft (kind of a monopoly)

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Working Conditions during the Second Industrial
Revolution

• Misdistribution of wealth in US (10 of
  population controlled 75 of the )
• Movement from skilled labor to unskilled labor
  (poorly paid, child labor, immigrant
  exploitation)
• Sweatshops cramped workshops set up in shabby
  apartments

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Workers seek change through STRIKES and UNIONS

• By the late 1800s, working conditions were so
  dismal that workers began organizing into Unions
• Worked for equal pay, end of child labor, and an
  8 hour workday
• Xenophobia Fear of Foreigners
• Eastern Europeans were used to striking
• Blacklist list of people whom were refused a job
• If you were a known unionist/striker youd be
  blacklisted from all the employers

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Ch 14 Quiz Questions (Complete Sentences)

• 1. Name one PUSH factor and one PULL factor for
  why people moved WEST in the 1800s?
• 2. What is an entrepreneur? Name one entrepreneur
  from the 1800s and explain why he/she was an
  entrepreneur.
• 3. DEFINE Trusts and Monopolies. Explain how
  trusts or monopolies hurt consumers in the 1800s?
• 4. Describe working conditions for unskilled
  laborers in the 1800s?
• 5. You own a fast-food restaurant. Explain how
  you would
• VERTICALLY INTEGRATE your business to make
  profit.
• HORIZONTALLY INTEGRATE your business to make
  profit.

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The Age of Invention1870-1920

• After completing your homework on the information
  for a specific Scientific Invention, complete a
  8x11 poster displaying the history and
  significance of your invention for our INVENTION
  TIMELINE
• List the inventor, year it was invented, why it
  was invented/what did people do before the
  invention, and the significance of the invention
  to modern day. Add a drawing or visual of the
  invention.

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Importance of the Age of Invention

• As city populations grew, people needed faster
  transportation and communication
• Streetcars, Subways, Automobiles, Airplanes
  (1900s)
• Telegraph (beep beeps), Telephone, Typewriter
• Inventions added convenience and LEISURE TIME TO
  MODERN LIVING

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Immigrants pour into America and Migrants move
through America

• Objective Students will study the different
  waves of immigrants to evaluate how they
  economically, socially and politically affected
  American culture
• Warm Up Write a sentence or two describing each
  of the following pictures. All pictures are of
  immigrants in the late 1800s.
• FOR EACH PICTURE, PREDICT WHERE THE PEOPLE CAME
  FROM

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Stringing Beans in Baltimore
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Shucking Oysters in Florida
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Immigrants in a tenement
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Americanization of Immigrants
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Immigration to America

• Immigration is always a choice and not everyone
  could immigrate
• Why people moved?? Desire for a better life
• PUSH and PULL Factors (see following slide)
• Not everyone could afford to go (many spent their
  lifesavings to get a ticket)
• Journey to America was painful (emotionally/physic
  ally) and long
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vUhtLKpim-Uw
• Not everyone was allowed in
• Immigration laws didnt exist in 1800s UNLESS you
  were seriously diseased or disabled (unable to
  work)

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PUSH and PULL Factors for Immigration

• Russian Jews fled religious persecution
• Religious freedom in America
• Desperate poverty in Eastern Europe
• No economic opportunity in Europe (no land/no
  jobs)
• America was known as the land of opportunity
• 1840s ? Potato famine in Ireland resulting in
  severe starvation/poverty/disease
• Cheap land in Western part of United States
• Growing cities in United States

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Ellis Island and Angel Island

• Elis Island
• US Government immigration station opened in 1882.
• IMMIGRANTS HAD TO PASS INSPECTION
• If you were found unfit, HAD to go back to
  country
• Families got split up permanently
• Sent back if diseased/disabled (hazard to US
  citizens or burden to US citizens)

• Angel Island
• 1910 West Coast Immigration station in San
  Francisco
• Chinese racism ? people detained for weeks in
  prison-like conditions
• Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 (no immigration)
• Anger Chinese were taking US jobs
• FIRST US immigration law

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Nativism Anger/Fear towards those not from own
country

• Efforts of Nativists to stop immigration in early
  1900s
• Chinese Exclusion Act
• Push for literacy tests (never passed in Govt.)
• Americanization efforts (make foreigners more
  American) Y.M.C.A.

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How the Irish became American TIME/POPULATION

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How does Immigration affect our lives?

• First Lady Michele Obama taking questions in DC
  about immigration.
• Do you think that illegal immigration is an
  issue? (positive or negative for the country?)

• http//www.hulu.com/watch/150772/the-obama-adminis
  tration-girl-questions-first-lady-on-immigration