HENRY VIII

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HENRY VIII
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THE REFORMATION IN ENGLAND

• King Henry VIII wants divorce from his wife
  Catherine of Aragon
• Annulment church says marriage never happened
• Catherine of Aragon is aunt to HRE Charles V -gt
  pope cant afford to offend him
• Pope refused to grant annulment
• Kings men -gt Thomas Cranmer and Thomas Cromwell
  are ordered to make the divorce happen

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HENRY AND THE BREAK WITH ROME

• Parliament passes law saying religious courts
  cant appeal to Rome -gt this abolishes papal
  authority in England
• Cranmer grants annulment and Henrys secret
  marriage to Anne Bolyn is made legit
• THE ACT OF SUPREMACY 1534 King is made head of
  the new Church of England
• Thomas More refuse to go along with this is put
  on trial for treason and executed

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CANTERBURY CATHEDRAL
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THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND ANGLICAN CHURCH

• Monarch is head of the new church
• Monasteries are abolished
• Land and possessions of the monasteries is
  confiscated by the king
• King is enriched by this and shares the wealth to
  gain more aristocratic support
• The church of England is no longer Catholic -gt
  but it still looks and acts Catholic

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THE SIX WIVES OF HENRY VIII

1. Catherine of Aragon -gt divorce
2. Anne Boleyn -gt beheaded
3. Jane Seymour -gt produces male heir -gt she dies in
   childbirth
4. Anne of Cleves -gt painting -gt ugly -gt divorce
5. Catherine Howard -gt beheaded
6. Catherine Parr -gt outlives Henry

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EDWARD VI
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KING EDWARD VI OF ENGLAND 1547-1553

• Child king -gt 9 years old -gt sickly
• Regent/regency
• Protestants control the king -gt want the Church
  of England to look and act more Protestant and
  less Roman Catholic
• 1. clerical marriage
• 2. elimination of images
• 3. BOOK OF COMMON PRAYER

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MARY TUDOR BLOODY MARY1553-1558

• Edward dies at 15 and is succeeded by his half
  sister Mary Tudor
• Mary was a hardcore militant Catholic
• Restores the Catholic church in England
• Orders the burning at the stake of hundreds of
  protestants -gt gets the name bloody Mary
• All of Mary actions push people away from the
  Catholic Church and towards Protestantism

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JOHN CALVIN AND CALVINISM

• John Calvin
• Institutes of the Christian Religion
• Absolute sovereignty of God
• Predestination
• The elect
• Calvinism -gt dynamic and activist faith
• Calvinism -gt militant crusading Protestantism

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CALVINS GENEVAThe Fortress of the Reformation

• Geneva becomes the center of Calvinism
• THE CONSISTORY -gt ruling body made up the towns
  ministers
• Strict enforcement of religious and moral purity
• No excessive drinking, no gambling, must attend
  church, no criticism of ministers
• Geneva attracts protestant missionaries who
  spread Calvinism
• Calvinism spreads to France, the Netherlands,
  Scotland, and central and parts of eastern Europe

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THE SOCIAL IMPACT OF THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION

• The Reformation had an impact on all areas of
  social life
• Family
• Education
• Popular religious practices

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THE FAMILY IN THE TIME OF THE REFORMATION

• Celibacy -gt marriage -gt procreation
• Protestantism celebrated the family and loving
  relationship between man and wife
• Protestants maintained the old views of man as
  the head of the household and women good wives
  and mothers
• Education for both boys and girls -gt literacy -gt
  in order to read the bible
• Protestant Reformation did not change womens
  subordinate/lower position in society

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EDUCATION IN THE REFORMATION

• Protestant reformers adopted the classical
  emphasis of humanist schools
• Expanded the base of who was educated -gt in favor
  of state funded education for most
• Education for protestants literacy ability to
  read the bible

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RELIGIOUS PRACTICES AND POPULAR CULTURE

• Protestants abolished or limited
• Indulgences
• Veneration of saints and relics
• Pilgrimages
• Monasteries
• Clerical celibacy
• Statues
• Religious processions, parades, carnivals
• Saints day
• In some places attempts to ban
• Taverns
• Plays
• Dancing
• Christmas celebration