APA Part 1

1
APA Part 1 Test citations
APA CitingWhat Do You Remember?
Video 1 min. 10 sec.
2
Example ArticleFormat This on a Piece of Paper
3
Pick the Correct Text Citation

• Text citation
• (Lee, Zhang and Yin, 2011)
• (Lee, Yin, Zhang, 2011)
• (Lee et al., 2011).
• (Lee, Zhang, Yin, 2011).

• Text citation
• (Lee, Zhang and Yin, 2011)
• (Lee, Yin, Zhang, 2011)
• (Lee et al., 2011).
• (Lee, Zhang, Yin, 2011).

4
Pick the Correct Reference Citation

• Lee, H. C.-K., Zhang, Z., Yin, H. (2011). A
  multilevel analysis of the impact of a
  professional learning community. Teaching and
  Teacher Education An International Journal of
  Research and Studies, 27(5), 820-830.
• 2. Lee, H. C.-K., Zhang, Z., Yin, H. (2011).
  A Multilevel Analysis of the Impact of a
  Professional Learning Community. Teaching and
  Teacher Education An International Journal of
  Research and Studies, 27, 5 (Jul 2011) pp.
  820-830.
• 3. Lee, H. C.-K., Zhang, Z., Yin, H. (July,
  2011). A Multilevel Analysis of the Impact of a
  Professional Learning Community. Teaching and
  teacher education An international journal of
  research and studies, 27, 5, 820-830.

• Lee, H. C.-K., Zhang, Z., Yin, H. (2011). A
  multilevel analysis of the impact of a
  professional learning community. Teaching and
  Teacher Education An International Journal of
  Research and Studies, 27(5), 820-830.
• 2. Lee, H. C.-K., Zhang, Z., Yin, H. (2011).
  A Multilevel Analysis of the Impact of a
  Professional Learning Community. Teaching and
  Teacher Education An International Journal of
  Research and Studies, 27, 5 (Jul 2011) pp.
  820-830.
• 3. Lee, H. C.-K., Zhang, Z., Yin, H. (July,
  2011). A Multilevel Analysis of the Impact of a
  Professional Learning Community. Teaching and
  teacher education An international journal of
  research and studies, 27, 5, 820-830.

5
APA Part 1 Test citations
APA CitingPart 1 Text Citations
Video 13 min. 30 sec.
6
APA Resources

• Publication Manual of the American Psychological
  Association (6th ed.)
• APA help / tutorials
• APA Library Guide see video tutorialshttp//nov
  a.campusguides.com/apa
• APAs Style site and bloghttp//www.apastyle.org
  / and http//blog.apastyle.org/
• APA Style Guide to Electronic References (2012)
  PDF file

7
When to Cite

• Ideas, theories, or research that directly
  influenced your work.
• Key background information, support or dispute
  your theory, or offer critical definitions or
  data.
• Document all facts and figures that are not
  common knowledge.
• For class assignments, use 1 or 2 of most
  representative sources for each key point.
• Literature reviews are more exhaustive .

See APA (6th ed.), p. 169
8
Text and Reference Citations
Two types of citations - text citations and
reference citations
9
Direct Quotes
Text citation (paraphrased) McPherson (2012)
raised issues about motivation in reading.
Text citation with direct quote McPherson
(2012) coined the phrase goblet of
motivation (p. 71).
Reference citation -- used in reference
list McPherson, K. (2012). Harry Potter and the
goblet of motivation. Teacher
Librarian, 34(4), 71. doi
10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.482
10
Citing Resources in Text
Citing Resources in Text
Research (Fink, 2007) confirmed the results of
cloning. The website did not support the data
(Wienhorst, n.d.). A couple of studies (Gehring
Eifrig, 1976 Skinner, 1956) found....
in alphabetical order Several comments
(Obama, B., 2011 Obama, M, 2012 Smith Jones,
2009a, 2009b)
See APA manual, pp. 176-178.
11
Citing Resources in Text
Citing Resources in Text
Research (Fink, 2007) confirmed the results of
cloning. The website did not support the data
(Wienhorst, n.d.). A couple of studies (Gehring
Eifrig, 1976 Skinner, 1956) found....
in alphabetical order Several comments
(Obama, B., 2011 Obama, M, 2012 Smith Jones,
2009a, 2009b)
See APA manual, pp. 176-178.
12
Citing Resources in Text
Citing Resources in Text
Research (Fink, 2007) confirmed the results of
cloning. The website did not support the data
(Wienhorst, n.d.). A couple of studies (Gehring
Eifrig, 1976 Skinner, 1956) found....
in alphabetical order Several comments
(Obama, B., 2011 Obama, M, 2012 Smith Jones,
2009a, 2009b)
See APA manual, pp. 176-178.
13
Citing Resources in Text
Citing Resources in Text
Research (Fink, 2007) confirmed the results of
cloning. The website did not support the data
(Wienhorst, n.d.). A couple of studies (Gehring
Eifrig, 1976 Skinner, 1956) found....
in alphabetical order Several comments
(Obama, B., 2011 Obama, M, 2012 Smith Jones,
2009a, 2009b)
See APA manual, pp. 176-178.
14
When to Use Ampersands and Commas

• Stating vs. citing
• Quinlan and Bardeen (2007) published a
  definitive study on information literacy in
  higher education.
• but
• Information literacy needs to be integrated
  into the curriculum (Quinlan Bardeen, 2007).

15
Ampersands and Commas in Citations

• Stating vs. citing
• Quinlan and Bardeen (2007) published a
  definitive study on information literacy in
  higher education.
• but
• Information literacy needs to be integrated
  into the curriculum (Quinlan Bardeen, 2007).
• Three or more authors cited, use commas
• Researchers (Creswell, Borg, Allsop, 2004)
  have found that this is true.
• Creswell, Borg, and Allsop (2004) found that
  this is true.

16
Differences in Text vs. Reference List

• Tunon and Ramirez (2012) found that...
• in the study (Tunon Ramirez, 2012).
• Tunon, J., Ramirez, L. (2012). ABD or EdD?
  Journal of Academic Librarianship, 10(2), 23-43.

See APA manual, pp. 177, .
17
Six or More Authors in Text vs. Reference List

• Text citation for six or more authors
• Wienhorst et al. (2010) found that .
• Reference citation with more than seven authors
• Wienhorst, S., Jones, R. E., Smith, T.,
  Stonebraker, W., Schaefer, A., Johnson, M., .
  . . Allsop, S. (2010). What...

List the first six authors and last author.
Separate with ellipses.
See APA manual, pp. 177, 184, 198.
18
Three to Five Authors
Citations in text Quinlan, Jones, Byron, and
Montgomery (2008) stated Quinlan et al. (2008)
observed (et al. is used after first
use when there are three or more
authors)Parenthetical citations in
text (Quinlan, Jones, Byron, Montgomery, 2008)
(Quinlan et al., 2008) One work by six or more
authors Wienhorst et al. (2009) (Wienhorst et
al., 2009)
Always use et al. for six or more authors for
in-text citations.
See APA manual, p. 177
19
Text Cites of Electronic Resources
In another case, Scanlon, Gallego, Duran, and
Reyes (2005) found that the results should be
based on assumptions that individuals are
capable of self-directed and self-initiated
learning (Methods section, para. 7). The
qualitative research methods discussed by Durango
were challenged by Bambang and Totonumu (Pival,
Falcao, Quinlan, 2009, Problems with
Qualitative Research, para. 5). It is
reassuring to believe that circumstances are
against you (Silva, 2007, Chapter 2, Specious
Barrier 1 section, para. 2).
Use name of section.
Use shortened section title in quotation marks.
See APA (6th ed.), p. 172, APA Style Guide
(2012), p. 17.
20
Text Cites of Electronic Resources
In another case, Scanlon, Gallego, Duran, and
Reyes (2005) found that the results should be
based on assumptions that individuals are
capable of self-directed and self-initiated
learning (Methods section, para. 7). The
qualitative research methods discussed by Durango
were challenged by Bambang and Totonumu (Pival,
Falcao, Quinlan, 2009, Problems with
Qualitative Research, para. 5). It is
reassuring to believe that circumstances are
against you (Silva, 2007, Chapter 2, Specious
Barrier 1 section, para. 2).
In another case, Scanlon, Gallego, Duran, and
Reyes (2005) found that the results should be
based on assumptions that individuals are
capable of self-directed and self-initiated
learning (Methods section, para. 7). The
qualitative research methods discussed by Durango
were challenged by Bambang and Totonumu (Pival,
Falcao, Quinlan, 2009, Problems with
Qualitative Research, para. 5).
Use name of section.
Use shortened section title in quotation marks.
See APA (6th ed.), p. 172, APA Style Guide
(2012), p. 17.
21
Groups as Authors
Use parentheses. Must use acronym thereafter.
Citations in text The American Psychological
Association (APA) observed American
Psychological Association APA (2009)
statedParenthetical citations in
text (American Psychological Association APA,
2009) NOTE Use (APA, 2009) thereafter.
See APA manual, p. 176
22
No Back-t0-Back Parentheses
Citations in text The American Psychological
Association (APA) observed American
Psychological Association APA (2009)
statedParenthetical citations in
text (American Psychological Association APA,
2009) NOTE Use (APA,
2009) thereafter.
See APA manual, p. 176
23
Secondary Sources
Text citation

• Freuds theory of the id, ego, and superego
  (as cited in Dickerson, 2012)
• Dickerson, L. (2012). Freudian concepts of id,
  ego and superego applied to chemical and other
  addictions. New York, NY Universe.

List the primary source in the reference list
entry
24
Personal Communications Only Cite in the Text

• (L. Acosta, personal communication, June 15,
  2012)
• Interviews gathered in an ethnography where the
  names of participants are not revealed
• Handouts not posted on website or available
  elsewhere
• Lectures that cannot be retrieved by other
  researchers (Blackboard, WebCT, Desire2Learn,
  Moodle, etc.)
• Restricted emails and not visible to the entire
  group
• Personal conversations
• Personal letters that are not accessible in an
  archive

25
Entire Websites Cited
See the data sets provided by the NCES
(http//nces.ed.gov).President Obama has used
Twitter (http//www.twitter.com/barackobama) and
Facebook (http//www.facebook .com/barackobama)
effectively in both the 2008 and 2012 campaigns.
Entire websites are not included in the
reference list. The APA Style Guide to
Electronic References (2012) is a useful source
for updated information on APA formatting or
look at the main page on the APA Library Guide
(http//nova.campusguides .com/apa
26
Direct Quotes
Paraphrasing
Direct quote

• Signed into law in January 2002 by President
  George W. Bush, the No Child Let Behind (NCLB)
  Act signaled the nations most sweeping education
  reform of federal education policy in decades.
  NCLB laid the groundwork for education reforms
  and the presidents attempt to strengthen
  Americas education system (Smith, 2008, p. 212).

APA manual, pp. 170-171
27
Paraphrasing
Direct quote

• Signed into law in January 2002 by President
  George W. Bush, the No Child Left Behind (NCLB)
  Act signaled the nations most sweeping education
  reform of federal education policy in decades.
  NCLB laid the groundwork for education reforms
  and the presidents attempt to strengthen
  Americas education system (Smith, 2008, p. 212).

Paraphrased
When the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act was
signed into law in January of 2002 by President
Bush, the law provided the most all-encompassing
reform in education the United States in decades
and provided a foundation for strengthening
educational policy at the national level for
years to come (Smith, 2008).
APA manual, pp. 170-171
28
Provide Page Number with Direct Quote
When using a direct quote, provide the page
victims of cyberterrorism (Windhorst, 2004,
p. 237). Krankenstein (2006) reported that
"empirical research verified compliance" (p. 48).
Lynch (2007) stated, The findings are not
valid (p. 22) but later maintained that other
studies reached different conclusions. was
defined as having leadership qualities
(Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 2001,
p. 346).
See APA, Chapter 6, p. 171-173
29
When Page Number Is Separated from the Author/Date
Page number can be separated from author/date
victims of cyberterrorism (Windhorst, 2004,
p. 237). Krankenstein (2006) reported that
"empirical research verified compliance" (p. 48).
Lynch (2007) stated, The findings are not
valid (p. 22) but later maintained that other
studies reached different conclusions. was
defined as having leadership qualities
(Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 2001,
p. 346).
See APA, Chapter 6, p. 171-173
30
Comma Used After Clauses
Comma used after clause
victims of cyberterrorism (Windhorst, 2004,
p. 237). Krankenstein (2006) reported that
"empirical research verified compliance" (p. 48).
Although Lynch (2007) stated, The findings are
not entirely valid (p. 22), he later argued that
other studies reached different conclusions.
was defined as having leadership qualities
(Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 2001,
p. 346).
See APA, Chapter 6, p. 171-173
31
Book Title Substituted for Author
Entry title substituted for author
victims of cyberterrorism (Windhorst, 2004,
p. 237). Krankenstein (2006) reported that
"empirical research verified compliance" (p. 48).
Although Lynch (2007) stated, The findings are
not entirely valid (p. 22), he later maintained
that other studies reached different
conclusions. was defined as having leadership
qualities (Transformational Leadership, 2001,
p. 346).
See APA, Chapter 6, p. 171-173
32
Book Title Substituted for Author
Republished Book and Using Circa
victims of cyberterrorism (Windhorst, 2004,
p. 237). Krankenstein (2006) reported that
"empirical research verified compliance" (p. 48).
Although Lynch (2007) stated, The findings are
not entirely valid (p. 22), he later maintained
that other studies reached different
conclusions. was defined as having leadership
qualities (Transformational Leadership, 2001,
p. 346). (Freud, 1900/1953) (miller,
2010-2012) (Pinzer, ca. 2011)
See APA, Chapter 6, p. 171-173
33
Quotes Introduced by a Clause
Quotes must be introduced.
In midsentence
The principal stated, Instructors may or may not
want to require an abstract for class
assignments (Tunon, 2006, p. 34), but she
concluded that they always summarized the
essential content of the paper.
At end of a sentence
Tunon (2006) found that instructors may or may
not want to require an abstract for class
assignments (p. 34).
34
Quotes Integrated into Sentence
Quotes must be introduced.
In midsentence
The principal stated, Instructors may or may not
want to require an abstract for class
assignments (Tunon, 2006, p. 34), but she
concluded that they always summarized the
essential content of the paper.
At end of a sentence
Tunon (2006) found that instructors may or may
not want to require an abstract for class
assignments (p. 34).
35
Text vs Block Quotes
APA manual, p. 92
Direct quote for less than 40 words
The abstract is a one-paragraph summary or
overview of the paper and should summarize the
essential content of the paper (Tunon, 2009, p.
34).
Block quote (more than 40 words)
Note where the periods go!
Students at Nova Southeastern University
have faced challenges in learning how to use
APA formatting. When discussing the challenges,
Strunk (1922) stated Use quotes around an
article title or book chapter, but italicize the
title of a book, journal, brochure, or
report when used in the body of the paper.  Use a
short title in the parenthetical citation
or complete title if the title is short. NOTE
Non-periodical titles like books and book
titles have all the important words capitalized
in the text citations, but these same book
titles do not have all the important words
capitalized in the reference list. (p.
342) Callahan (2001), however, says .
36
When to Include Page Numbers in the Text and
Reference List

• In the text, the page number is required for
  direct quotes and optional for paraphrased
  content. For example . . . validated findings
  (Turner, 2012, p. 233).
• Turner, J. T. (2012). The circle of learning.
  Reading Teacher, 23(5), 229-234.
• In the reference list
• Newspapers, newsletters, book chapters,
  conference proceedings. For example
• Turner, J. (2009). Piagets reading theories
  (pp. 210-233). New York, NY Scarecrow Press.

37
When to Include Page Numbers in the Text and
Reference List

• In the text, the page number is required for
  direct quotes and optional for paraphrased
  content. For example . . . validated findings
  (Turner, 2012, p. 233). Turner, J. T. (2012).
  The circle of learning. Reading Teacher,
  23(5), 229-234.
• Use pp. in the reference list for the following
• Newspapers, newsletters, book chapters,
  conference proceedings. For example
• Turner, J. (2009). Piagets reading theories
  (pp. 210-233). New York, NY Scarecrow Press.

38
Test yourself Text Citations

• The research project (Smith, Brown, and Jones, no
  date)
• or
• The research project (Smith, Brown, Jones,
  n.d.)
• or
• 3. The research project (Smith, Brown, Jones,
  no date)
• or
• 4. The research project (Smith, Brown, and
  Jones, n.d.)

?
?

• Two research studies (APA, 2002 Barnes, 2005)
  
• or
• Two research studies (Barnes, 2005. APA, 2002)
  

39
Test Yourself Direct Quotes

• MacDougall (2004, p. 34) stated that the
  Information Literacy Model needed to be
  implemented.
• or
• MacDougall (2004) stated that the Information
  LiteracyModel needed to be implemented (p. 34).
  
• or
• 3. MacDougall (2004) stated that the
  Information LiteracyModel needed to be
  implemented. (p. 34)

?
40
APA Part 2 Reference Citations
APA Citing Part 2 Reference Citations
Video 11 min.
41
Document TypeNot Delivery Method or Format
42
Formatting Article Citation
How to Cite a Journal Article in the Reference
List
43
Authors Names - Formatting
Citing Journal Articles
Author(s)
Watkins, R., Schlosser, C. (2000). Its not
about time A fresh approach to educational
equivalency. TechTrend, 24(3), 34-47.

• Initials, not first names. No title
• Ampersand (), not the word and
• Comma before the ampersand.

See APA (6th ed,), p. 184
44
Names

• In the reference list, one space between initials
• Brown, J. D. (2003).
• If authors first name is hyphenated, retain
  hyphen
• Chin, E.-F., Barry, B., Wilson, H. W.
• Do not include titles
• Arguellos, S., Ph.D. (2007).Bucher, J., Dr.
  (2005).
• Suffices
• Schaefer, W., III, Schaefer, W., Sr.

APA (6th ed.), p. 184
45
Year of Publication
Citing Journal Articles
Year of publication
Watkins, R., Schlosser, C. (2000). Its not
about time A fresh approach to educational
equivalency. TechTrend, 24(3), 34-47.

• Enclosed in parentheses
• Period after the parentheses
• No month or day if the publication is a journal,
• not a magazine, newsletter, or newspaper
  article.

See APA (6th ed.), p. 185
46
Article Title
Citing Journal Articles
Article title
Watkins, R., Schlosser, C. (2000). Its not
about time A fresh approach to educational
equivalency. TechTrend, 24(3), 34-47.

• Only first word in title and subtitle should be
• be capitalized as well as any proper names.
• A colon between the title and subtitle, and
• A period at the end of the title.
• Only one space after the period, not two.

See APA (6th ed.), p. 185
47
Journal Title
Citing Journal Articles
Watkins, R., Schlosser, C. (2000). Its not
about time A fresh approach to educational
equivalency. TechTrend, 24(3), 34-47.
Journal title

• Journal title should have all important words
  capitalized.
• It is italicized
• The journal title is followed by a comma

See APA manual, pp. 186-187
48
Journal Information
Citing Journal Articles
Watkins, R., Schlosser, C. (2000). Its not
about time A fresh approach to educational
equivalency. TechTrend, 24(3), 34-47.

• The volume number is italicized
• There should be no space betweenthe volume
  number and issue number
• Enclose issue number in parentheses
• and follow by a comma
• Do not use p. or pp. for journal articles.

Volume, issue, and page number(s)
See APA manual, p. 186
49
DOI Number
Citing Journal Articles Retrieved Full Text
Online

Watkins, R., Schlosser, C. (2000). Its not
about time A fresh approach to educational
equivalency. TechTrend, 24(3), 34-47.
http//dx.doi.org/10.1037/0002-9432.76.4 .482
OR Watkins, R., Schlosser,
C. (2000). Its not about time A fresh
approach to educational equivalency. TechTrend,
24(3), 34-47. doi10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.482
DOI number
APA Style Guide to Electronic References (2012)
Publication Manual of the American Psychological
Association (2010)

• Preferred in the APA style guide If the
  database has a Digital Object Identifier that
  functions as a unique identifier of the content
  and a link to the content, then use the URL
  version. http//dx.doi.org10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.
  482
• The APA manual only uses doi10.1037/0002-9432.76
  .4.482

50
Formatting of DOI

• Borman, W. C. (1993). Role of early supervisory
  experience in supervisor performance. Journal of
  Applied Psychology, 78(5), 443-449.
  doi10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.482

• Do not capitalize doi, and do not include a
  space before or after the colon.
• Break the number before most punctuation
• Do not include a period after the DOI number.

See APA manual, p. 192
51
Example of a DOI
52
Book With Location and Publisher

• Traditional

• Brooking, D. E. (2010). Research on distance
  learning. New York, NY Wiley.

APA manual, p. 202APA Style Blog
http//blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/2011/06/how-do-y
ou-cite-an-e-book.html
53
Book With URL

• Traditional

• Brooking, D. E. (2010). Research on distance
  learning. New York, NY Wiley.

• URL

Brooking, D. E. (2010). Research on distance
learning. Available from http//www.wiley.com
APA manual, p. 202APA Style Blog
http//blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/2011/06/how-do-y
ou-cite-an-e-book.html
54
Book With DOI

• Traditional

• Brooking, D. E. (2010). Research on distance
  learning. New York, NY Wiley.

• URL

Brooking, D. E. (2010). Research on distance
learning. Available from http//www.wiley.com

• DOI

Brooking, D. E. (2010). Research on distance
learning. doi10.234.57993.wiley-2010.78211
APA manual, p. 202APA Style Blog
http//blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/2011/06/how-do-y
ou-cite-an-e-book.html
55
Citing Websites
Entire website in text National Center for
Education Statistics NCES (http//nces.ed.gov)
is a comprehensive statistical resource. Omit
reference from reference list.
APA Style FAQs -- http//www.apastyle.org/learn/fa
qs/cite-website.aspx
56
Web Page Not Italicized
Brooks, E. (1945). Common birds of Indiana.
Retrieved from http//www.amosbutleraudubon
.org/images/stories/Brooks_Common_Birds_of_Indian
a.pdf
APA Style FAQs http//www.apastyle.org/learn/faqs
/web-page-no-author.aspx
57
Retrieval Statement for Web Page
Brooks, E. (1945). Common birds of Indiana.
Retrieved from http//www.amosbutleraudubon
.org/images/stories/Brooks_Common_Birds_of_Indian
a.pdf
APA Style FAQs http//www.apastyle.org/learn/faqs
/web-page-no-author.aspx
58
Archival vs. Changing Web Pages
Brooks, E. (1945). Common birds of Indiana.
Retrieved from http//www.amosbutleraudubon
.org/images/stories/Brooks_Common_Birds_of_Indian
a.pdf
American Library Association. (2011). Membership
policies. Retrieved June 12, 2012, from
http//www.ala.org/section/acrl/policies.pdf
APA Style FAQs http//www.apastyle.org/learn/faqs
/web-page-no-author.aspx
59
Web Pages With No Author
Reference citation

• Reference citation Indicators of school crime
  and safety Executive summary. (2011). Retrieved
  June 11, 2012, from http//www.hartlinger.com/cri
  me.html
• Local parents provided statistics (Indicators
  of School Crime, 2011).
• - If there is no author, put the title first and
  date second.
• Use the title of the page in the parenthetical
  text citation.

Web page in text
APA Style FAQs http//www.apastyle.org/learn/faqs
/web-page-no-author.aspx
60
Video Tutorials Tabhttp//nova.campusguides.com/
apa
61
Video Tutorials Tabhttp//nova.campusguides.com/
apa
62
References Page

• Page entitledReferences
• Hanging indentations
• Single space in citations
• Double space between citations
• Alphabetical order, then by date

References Page
centered
32
References
Jones, R. N., del Rio, J. A., Humenik, J. A.,
García, E. O., Ramírez, A. M. (2006). Citation
mining Integrating text mining and
bibliometrics for research user profiling.
Journal of the American Society for
Information Science and Technology, 52,
1148-1156. Kushkowski, J. D. (1985). Master's
and doctoral thesis citations Analysis and
trends of a longitudinal study. Portal, 3,
459-479. doi10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.482 Kushkowsk
i, J. D. (1999a). Identifying uniform core
journal titles for music libraries A
dissertation citation study. College Research
Libraries, 60(2), 153-163. Kushkowski, J. D.
(1999b). Measuring the use and value of
electronic journals and books. Issues in
Science and Technology Librarianship. Morner,
C. J. (1995). Measuring the library research
skills of education doctoral students. In
R. AnRhein (Ed.), Continuity transformation
The promise of confluence. Proceedings of
the Seventh National Conference of the
Association of College and Research Libraries,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, March 29-April 1,
1995 (pp. 381-391). Chicago Association of
College and Research Libraries. Norton, M. J.
(2009). Introductory concepts in information
science. doi10.5634/93944-090 O'Connor, D. O.,
Voos, H. (2008). Empirical laws, theory
construction, and bibliometrics. In J. Smith
B. B. Jones, New adventures on the Web.
Springfield, MA Springer Verlag.
63
Hanging Indentations

• Page entitledReferences
• Hanging indentations
• Single space in citations
• Double space between citations
• Alphabetical order, then by date

References Page
32
References
Jones, R. N., del Rio, J. A., Humenik, J. A.,
García, E. O., Ramírez, A. M. (2006). Citation
mining Integrating text mining and
bibliometrics for research user profiling.
Journal of the American Society for
Information Science and Technology, 52,
1148-1156. Kushkowski, J. D. (1985). Master's
and doctoral thesis citations Analysis and
trends of a longitudinal study. Portal, 3,
459-479. doi10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.482 Kushkowsk
i, J. D. (1999a). Identifying uniform core
journal titles for music libraries A
dissertation citation study. College Research
Libraries, 60(2), 153-163. Kushkowski, J. D.
(1999b). Measuring the use and value of
electronic journals and books. Issues in
Science and Technology Librarianship. Morner,
C. J. (1995). Measuring the library research
skills of education doctoral students. In
R. AnRhein (Ed.), Continuity transformation
The promise of confluence. Proceedings of
the Seventh National Conference of the
Association of College and Research Libraries,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, March 29-April 1,
1995 (pp. 381-391). Chicago Association of
College and Research Libraries. Norton, M. J.
(2009). Introductory concepts in information
science. doi10.5634/93944-090 O'Connor, D. O.,
Voos, H. (2008). Empirical laws, theory
construction, and bibliometrics. In J. Smith
B. B. Jones, New adventures on the Web.
Springfield, MA Springer Verlag.
64
Spacing

• Page entitledReferences
• Hanging indentations
• Single space in citations
• Double space between citations
• Alphabetical order, then by date

References Page
32
References
Jones, R. N., del Rio, J. A., Humenik, J. A.,
García, E. O., Ramírez, A. M. (2006). Citation
mining Integrating text mining and
bibliometrics for research user profiling.
Journal of the American Society for
Information Science and Technology, 52,
1148-1156. Kushkowski, J. D. (1985). Master's
and doctoral thesis citations Analysis and
trends of a longitudinal study. Portal, 3,
459-479. doi10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.482 Kushkowsk
i, J. D. (1999a). Identifying uniform core
journal titles for music libraries A
dissertation citation study. College Research
Libraries, 60(2), 153-163. Kushkowski, J. D.
(1999b). Measuring the use and value of
electronic journals and books. Issues in
Science and Technology Librarianship. Morner,
C. J. (1995). Measuring the library research
skills of education doctoral students. In
R. AnRhein (Ed.), Continuity transformation
The promise of confluence. Proceedings of
the Seventh National Conference of the
Association of College and Research Libraries,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, March 29-April 1,
1995 (pp. 381-391). Chicago Association of
College and Research Libraries. Norton, M. J.
(2009). Introductory concepts in information
science. doi10.5634/93944-090 O'Connor, D. O.,
Voos, H. (2008). Empirical laws, theory
construction, and bibliometrics. In J. Smith
B. B. Jones, New adventures on the Web.
Springfield, MA Springer Verlag.
65
Alphabetical Order

• Page entitledReferences
• Hanging indentations
• Single space in citations
• Double space between citations
• Alphabetical order, then by date

References Page
32
References
Jones, R. N., del Rio, J. A., Humenik, J. A.,
García, E. O., Ramírez, A. M. (2006). Citation
mining Integrating text mining and
bibliometrics for research user profiling.
Journal of the American Society for
Information Science and Technology, 52,
1148-1156. Kushkowski, J. D. (1985). Master's
and doctoral thesis citations Analysis and
trends of a longitudinal study. Portal, 3,
459-479. doi10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.482 Kushkowsk
i, J. D. (1999a). Identifying uniform core
journal titles for music libraries A
dissertation citation study. College Research
Libraries, 60(2), 153-163. Kushkowski, J. D.
(1999b). Measuring the use and value of
electronic journals and books. Issues in
Science and Technology Librarianship. Morner,
C. J. (1995). Measuring the library research
skills of education doctoral students. In
R. AnRhein (Ed.), Continuity transformation
The promise of confluence. Proceedings of
the Seventh National Conference of the
Association of College and Research Libraries,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, March 29-April 1,
1995 (pp. 381-391). Chicago Association of
College and Research Libraries. Norton, M. J.
(2009). Introductory concepts in information
science. doi10.5634/93944-090 O'Connor, D. O.,
Voos, H. (2008). Empirical laws, theory
construction, and bibliometrics. In J. Smith
B. B. Jones, New adventures on the Web.
Springfield, MA Springer Verlag.
66
Many Authors

• Adam G. Riess, Alexei V. Filippenko, Peter
  Challis, Alejandro Clocchiatti, Alan Diercks,
  Peter M. Garnovich, . . . John Tonry.
• Riess, A. G., Filippenko, A. V., Challis, P.,
  Clocchiatti, A., Diercks, A., Garnovich, P. M.,
  . . . Tonry, J.
• Challis, P., Clocciatti, A., Diercks, A.,
  Filippenko, A. V., Garnovich, P. M., Riess, A.
  G., et al.

?
67
Test- Names

• Brown, R. D. (2005). The flight of the bumblebee.
• or
• 2. Browning, A. J. (2003). Learning to read.

?
Nothing precedes something
APA (6th ed.), pp. 181-184
68
Test - Chronologically

• Brown, R. D. (2005). The flight of the bumblebee.
• or
• 2. Browning, A. J. (2003). Learning to read.

?

• Schroeder, L. (2008). Water rights in Oregon.
• or
• 2. Schroeder, L. (2004). Fighting for water
  rights.

?
Arrange chronologically
APA (6th ed.), pp. 181-184
69
Test - Alphabetically

• Brown, R. D. (2005). The flight of the bumblebee.
• or
• 2. Browning, A. J. (2003). Learning to read.

?

• Schroeder, L. (2008). Water rights in Oregon.
• or
• 2. Schroeder, L. (2004). Fighting for water
  rights.

Arrange the two 2008 citations alphabetically
?
(2008a)

• Jones, F. T. (2008). Birth of a nation.
• or
• Jones, F. T. (2000). Fourth-grade students.
• or
• 3. Jones, F. T. (2008). Winning the war.

?
(2008b)
APA (6th ed.), pp. 181-184
70
Test - Authors

• Brown, R. D. (2005). The flight of the bumblebee.
• or
• 2. Browning, A. J. (2003). Learning to read.

• Schroeder, L. (2008). Water rights in Oregon.
• or
• 2. Schroeder, L. (2004). Fighting for water
  rights.

?
(2008a)

• Jones, F. T. (2008). Birth of a nation.
• or
• Jones, F. T. (2000). Fourth-grade students.
• or
• 3. Jones, F. T. (2008). Winning the war.

?
(2008b)
?

• Palgreaves, D. J. (2001). Economics today.
• or
• Palgreaves, D. J., Baber, J. (1999). Dictionary
  of

One-author entries precede multiple-author entries
APA (6th ed.), pp. 181-184
71
Part 4 Test Yourself How Many Mistakes
APA CitingPart 3 Test YourselfHow
Many Mistakes?
Video 2 min.
72
Test Yourself How Many Mistakes?
Barber, Dr. Fran Gail (2005, spring/summer) Life
on the Run -- todays administrator Journal of
management 24 (4). pp. 323-9. Retrieved
2/3/08 from FirstSearch Database
http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.nova.edu/We
bZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascripttruescreen
size10
Can you find 13 mistakes? (Using APA 6th ed.)
73
Authors
Barber, Dr. Fran Gail (2005, spring/summer) Life
on the Run -- todays administrator Journal of
management 24 (4). pp. 323-9. Retrieved
2/3/08 from FirstSearch database
http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.nova.edu/We
bZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascripttruescreen
size10
Barber, F. G. (2005, spring/summer) Life on the
Run --todays administrator Journal of
management 24 (4). pp. 323-9. Retrieved
2/3/08 from FirstSearch Database
http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.nova.edu/We
bZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascripttruescreen
size10
74
Date of Publication
Barber, Fran Gail (2005, spring/summer) Life on
the Run --todays administrator Journal of
management 24 (4). pp. 323-9. Retrieved
2/3/08 from FirstSearch Database
http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.nova.edu/We
bZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascripttruescreen
size10
Barber, F. G. (2005) Life on the Run -- todays
administrator Journal of management 24 (4).
pp. 323-9. Retrieved 2/3/08 from FirstSearch
Database http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.n
ova.edu/WebZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascriptt
ruescreensize10
75
Punctuation after Date of Publication
Barber, Dr. Fran Gail (2005, spring/summer) Life
on the Run -- todays administrator Journal of
management 24 (4). pp. 323-9. Retrieved
2/3/08 from FirstSearch Database
http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.nova.edu/We
bZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascripttruescreen
size10
Barber, F. G. (2005). Life on the Run -- todays
administrator Journal of management 24 (4). pp.
323-9. Retrieved 2/3/08 from FirstSearch
Database http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.n
ova.edu/WebZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascriptt
ruescreensize10
76
Capitalization of Article Title
Barber, Dr. Fran Gail (2005, spring/summer) Life
on the Run -- todays administrator Journal of
management 24 (4). pp. 323-9. Retrieved
2/3/08 from FirstSearch Database
http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.nova.edu/We
bZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascripttruescreen
size10
Barber, F. G. (2005). Life on the run -- Todays
administrator Journal of management 24 (4). pp
323-9. Retrieved 2/3/08 from FirstSearch
Database http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.n
ova.edu/WebZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascriptt
ruescreensize10
77
Punctuation of Article Title
Barber, Fran Gail (2005, spring/summer) Life on
the Run -- Todays Administrator Journal of
management 24 (4). pp. 323-9. Retrieved
2/3/08 from FirstSearch Database
http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.nova.edu/We
bZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascripttruescreen
size10
Barber, F. G. (2005). Life on the run Todays
administrator. Journal of management 24 (4).
pp. 323-9. Retrieved 2/3/08 from FirstSearch
Database http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.n
ova.edu/WebZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascriptt
ruescreensize10
78
Capitalization of Journal Title
Barber, Fran Gail (2005, spring/summer) Life on
the Run -- Todays Administrator Journal of
management 24 (4). pp. 323-9. Retrieved
2/3/08 from FirstSearch Database
http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.nova.edu/We
bZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascripttruescreen
size10
Barber, F. G. (2005). Life on the run Todays
administrator. Journal of Management 24 (4). pp.
323-9. Retrieved 2/3/08 from FirstSearch
Database http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.n
ova.edu/WebZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascriptt
ruescreensize10
79
Punctuation after Journal Title
Barber, Fran Gail (2005, spring/summer) Life on
the Run -- Todays Administrator Journal of
management 24 (4). pp. 323-9. Retrieved
2/3/08 from FirstSearch Database
http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.nova.edu/We
bZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascripttruescreen
size10
Barber, F. G. (2005). Life on the run Todays
administrator. Journal of Management, 24 (4).
pp. 323-9. Retrieved 2/3/08 from FirstSearch
Database http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.n
ova.edu/WebZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascriptt
ruescreensize10
80
Volume Number
Barber, Fran Gail (2005, spring/summer) Life on
the Run -- Todays Administrator Journal of
management 24 (4). pp. 323-9. Retrieved
2/3/08 from FirstSearch Database
http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.nova.edu/We
bZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascripttruescreen
size10
Barber, F. G. (2005). Life on the run Todays
administrator. Journal of Management, 24(4). pp.
323-9. Retrieved 2/3/08 from FirstSearch
Database http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.n
ova.edu/WebZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascriptt
ruescreensize10
81
Issue and Page Number
Barber, Fran Gail (2005, spring/summer) Life on
the Run -- Todays Administrator Journal of
management 24(4). pp. 323-9. Retrieved
2/3/08 from FirstSearch Database
http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.nova.edu/We
bZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascripttruescreen
size10
Barber, F. G. (2005). Life on the run Todays
administrator. Journal of Management, 24(4),
323-329. Retrieved 2/3/08 from FirstSearch
Database http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.n
ova.edu/WebZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascriptt
ruescreensize10
82
DOI in 2007 APA Formatting
Barber, Fran Gail (2005, spring/summer) Life on
the Run -- Todays Administrator Journal of
management 24 (4). pp. 323-9. Retrieved
2/3/08 from FirstSearch Database
http//0-firstsearch.oclc.org.novacat.nova.edu/We
bZ/FSPrefs?entityjsdetectjavascripttruescreen
size10
)
Barber, F. G. (2005). Life on the run Todays
administrator. Journal of Management, 24(4),
323-329. doi10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.482
83
Thanks!
Thanks!