Descriptive Metadata

1
Descriptive Metadata

• When will mods.xml be used by METS (aip.xml) ?
• METS will use the mods.xml to encode descriptive
  metadata.
• Information that describes, classifies, and
  characterizes the identity of the content.
• How will METS (aip.xml) access MODS (mods.xml)?
• METS uses a pointer to the metadata that is
  located outside of the METS document. More
  specifically, it uses a xlinkhref to indicate
  the location of mods file.
• For example
• lt!-- MODS object  --gt
• ltmetsdmdSec ID"DMD_OTHER"gt
• ltmetsmdRef ID"D09002ee180b004da" MDTYPE"MODS"
  MIMETYPE"text/xml" LOCTYPE"URL"
  xmlnsxlink"http//www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
  xlinkhref"file/mods.xml" /gt
• lt/metsdmdSecgt

2
MODS

• MODS elements considered mandatory are essential
  to the ingestion of the content to a repository
• Those elements are the following
• originInfo
• language
• identifier
• location
• physicalDescription
• typeOfResource
• recordInfo

3
originInfo

• originInfo Information that pertains to the
  origin of the resource
• Recommended If Applicable sub-elements of
  ltoriginInfogt
• ltpublishergt name of entity
• ltdateIssuedgt date published
• Optional sub-element
• ltissuancegt informs how the resource was issued
• For example
• ltoriginInfogt
• ltpublishergtU.S. Government Printing
  Officelt/publishergt
• ltdateIssued encoding"w3cdtf"gt2010-09-29lt/dateIss
  uedgt
• ltissuancegtmonographiclt/issuancegt
• lt/originInfogt

4
language

• language of the resource
• Required sub-elements
• ltlanguageTermgt is a repeatable sub-element that
  details whether the language of the resource is
  in textual form or coded form.
• For example
• ltlanguagegt
• ltlanguageTerm type"code" authority"iso639
  2b"gtenglt/languageTermgt
• lt/languagegt

5
Identifier

• identifier a unique number or code that
  identifies a resource
• lttypegt is a required attribute, that indicates
  the type of identifier. For example, the value
  local refers to a local identifier.
• For Example
• ltidentifier type"local"gtV0b002ee180b003e5lt/identi
  fier

6
location

• location indicate the repository holding the
  resource or a URL where the resource is available
• lturlgt it is a mandatory sub-element that refers
  to the Uniform Resource Location for the resource
• ltdisplayLabelgt is an attribute the provides
  information associated with the location
• ltaccessgt is an attribute that indicates the type
  resource that will be accessed via the URL link

7
location example

• For example
• ltlocation xmlnsexslt"http//exslt.org/common"gt
• lturl displayLabel"HTML rendition" access"raw
  object"gthttp//www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/BILLS-111s388
  0is/html/BILLS-111s3880is.htmlt/urlgt
• lturl displayLabel"PDF rendition" access"raw
  object"gthttp//www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/BILLS-111s388
  0is/pdf/BILLS-111s3880is.pdflt/urlgt
• lturl displayLabel"XML rendition" access"raw
  object"gthttp//www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/BILLS-111s388
  0is/xml/BILLS-111s3880is.xmllt/urlgt
• lt/locationgt

8
physicalDescription

• physicalDescription contains all sub-elements
  that relate to the physical description
  information of the resource
• ltnotegt is a recommended if applicable
  sub-element, contains physical description that
  does not fall under any other sub-element.
• ltdigitalOrigingt is a required sub-element, that
  describes the method use to achieve digital form
  of the resource
• ltextentgt is a recommended if applicable
  sub-element, describes the number of units that
  make up the resource

9
physicalDescription Example

• For example
• ltphysicalDescriptiongt
• ltnote type"source contenttype"gtdepositedlt/notegt
  
• ltdigitalOrigingtborn digitallt/digitalOrigingt
• ltextentgt7 p.lt/extentgt
• lt/physicalDescriptiongt

10
typeOfResource

• typeOfResource information describing the form
  of the resource
• For example
• lttypeOfResourcegttextlt/typeOfResourcegt

11
recordInfo

• recordInfo contains information pertain metadata
• Required sub-elements
• ltlanguageOfCataloginggt refers to the language of
  the text of the MODS record
• ltlanguageTermgt required attribute, refers to the
  language of the metadata reocrd
• Recommended sub-elements
• ltrecordContentSourcegt information about the
  metadata of the original record such as who
  created it or modified it
• ltrecordOrigingt shows the origin of MODS record
• Optional sub-elements
• ltrecordCreationDategt the date the record was
  created
• ltrecordChangeDategt the date the record was
  modified
• ltrecordIdentifiergt contains the organization and
  the system control number assigned to it

12
recordInfo Example

• For example
• ltrecordInfogt
• ltrecordContentSource authority"marcorg"gtDGPOlt/r
  ecordContentSourcegt
• ltrecordCreationDate encoding"w3cdtf"gt2010-10-06lt
  /recordCreationDategt
• ltrecordChangeDate encoding"w3cdtf"gt2010-10
  -06lt/recordChangeDate
• ltrecordIdentifier source"DGPO"gtBILLS-111s3880is
  lt/recordIdentifiergt
• ltrecordOrigingtmachine generatedlt/recordOrigingt
  
• ltlanguageOfCataloginggt ltlanguageTerm
  type"code" authority"iso639-2b"gtenglt/languageTer
  mgt
• lt/languageOfCataloginggt
• lt/recordInfogt

13
Preservation Metadata

• When will premis.xml be used by METS (aip.xml) ?
• METS will use the premis.xml to encode
  preservation metadata.
• information a repository uses to support the
  digital preservation process
• Which includes information such as
• Provenance refers to who has ownership of the
  digital object
• Authenticity refers to the claim of the digital
  object
• Preservation activity refers to the activities
  that have been carried out to preserve the
  digital object
• Technical environment refers to the tasks
  required to interpret and use the digital object
• Rights management refers the intellectual
  property rights that must be declared

14
Preservation Metadata

• How will METS (aip.xml) access PREMIS
  (premis.xml)?
• METS uses a pointer to the metadata that is
  located outside of the METS document. More
  specifically, it uses a xlinkhref to indicate
  the location of mods file.
• Example code from aip.xml
• lt!-- PREMIS OBJECT   --gt
• ltmetsamdSec ID"AMD_OTHER"gt
• ltmetstechMD ID"D09002ee180affcca-TEC"gt
• ltmetsmdRef ID"M09002ee180affcca-tdiv"
  MDTYPE"PREMIS" MIMETYPE"text/xml"
  LOCTYPE"URL" xmlnsxlink"http//www.w3.org/1999
  /xlink" xlinkhref"file/premis.xml" /gt
• lt/metstechMDgt
• ltmetsdigiprovMD ID"D09002ee180affcca-DIG"gt
• ltmetsmdRef ID"M09002ee180affcca-ddiv"
  MDTYPE"PREMIS" MIMETYPE"text/xml"
  LOCTYPE"URL" xmlnsxlink"http//www.w3.org/1999
  /xlink" xlinkhref"file/premis.xml" /gt
• lt/metsdigiprovMDgt
• lt/metsamdSecgt

15
PREMIS Data Model
16
PREMIS Intellectual Entity

• Intellectual Entity refer to content that can
  be describe as a unit (e.g. books, maps,
  articles)

17
PREMIS Object Entity

• Objects refer to units of information in
  digital form. PREMIS defines different kinds of
  objects it can an a file, bitstream or
  representation
• File it is a computer file, such as a pdf, txt
  or JPEG
• Bitstream refer to data bits within a file that
  contain common properties for preservation
  purposes

18
PREMIS Object Entity

• Representation refer to a set of files, that
  includes structural metadata, required to be
  identified, stored and maintained in order to
  assemble a complete rendition of an Intellectual
  unit.
• For example, text files and images files of a
  magazine are required to form a representation.

19
PREMIS Object Entity

• PREMIS Data Dictionary defines the mandatory
  semantic units (elements) of object entity
• Those elements are the following
• objectIdentifier
• objectCategory
• objectCharacteristics
• format
• storage
• Indicates repeatable semantic unit

20
objectIdentifier

• objectIdentifier refers to the unique identifier
  of the object
• ltobjectIdentifierTypegt refers to the
  classification of the domain that creates the
  object identifier.
• ltobjectIdentifierValuegt value of the object
  identifier.

21
objectIdentifier Example

• For example
• ltobject xsitype"representation"gt
• ltobjectIdentifiergt
• ltobjectIdentifierTypegtFDsys ACPlt/objectIdentifie
  rTypegt ltobjectIdentifierValuegtR0b002ee180b003b0lt/o
  bjectIdentifierValuegt
• lt/objectIdentifiergt
• lt/objectgt

22
objectCharacteristics

• objectCharacteristics refers to the technical
  properties of a file
• ltcompositeLevelgt indicates if the object is
  subject to one or more processes of decoding or
  unbundling under
• ltfixitygt used to verify if an object has been
  changed in an undocumented or unauthorized way
  under
• ltsizegt the size of the object
• ltformatgt the format information of the object

23
objectCharacteristics Example

• ltobjectCharacteristicsgt
• ltcompositionLevelgt0lt/compositionLevelgt
• ltfixitygt
• ltmessageDigestAlgorithmgtSHA-256lt/messageDiges
  tAlgorithmgt
• ltmessageDigestgt4977070b92f0bb2642c6be368ad
  68a8d1d1c5dbbb3310544db781f56a860b0a1lt/messageDige
  stgt
• ltmessageDigestOriginatorgtFDsyslt/messageDigest
  Originatorgt
• lt/fixitygt
• ltsizegt9326lt/sizegt
• ltformatgt
• ltformatDesignationgt
• ltformatNamegttext/plainlt/formatNamegt
• lt/formatDesignationgt
• ltformatRegistrygt
• ltformatRegistryNamegtPRONOMlt/formatRegistryNa
  megt
• ltformatRegistryKeygtx-fmt/111lt/formatRegistry
  Keygt
• lt/formatRegistrygt
• ltformatNotegtPlain Text Filelt/formatNotegt
• lt/formatgt
• lt/objectCharacteristicsgt

24
storage

• storage information about where and how a files
  are stored in the repository
• ltcontentLocationgt information needed to retrieve
  a file from a storage system.
• ltcontentLocationTypegt refers to the way of
  accessing the location of the content.
• ltcontentLocationValuegt refers to the location
  of the content used by the storage system
• ltstorageMediumgt The medium on which an object is
  stored

25
storage Example

• ltstoragegt
• ltcontentLocationgt
• ltcontentLocationTypegtURIlt/contentLocationTypegt
  
• ltcontentLocationValuegtfile/u02/app/emc/document
  um /data/fdsysprod1/fdsysprod1/content_storage_01/
  00002 ee1/80/55/b0/48.txtlt/contentLocationValuegt
• lt/contentLocationgt
• ltstorageMediumgthard disklt/storageMediumgt
• lt/storagegt

26
PREMIS Event Entity

• Events refers to actions that involve an object
  and an agent known to the system
• Events are critical for maintaining the digital
  provenance of an object (helps demonstrates the
  authenticity of the object)
• Examples of Events
• modifying an document
• actions that create new relationships
• Object could be related to another object as a
  result of a particular event, for instance if a
  program takes file 1 and generates a different
  version known as file 2
• Actions that check the validity and integrity of
  the objects (i.e. virus scan)

27
PREMIS Event Entity

• PREMIS Data Dictionary defines the mandatory
  semantic units (elements) of event entity
• Those elements are the following
• eventIdentifier
• eventType
• eventDateTime

28
Event Entity

• lteventIdentifiergt unique identifier for the
  event
• lteventIdentifierTypegt refers to the
  classification of the domain that creates the
  event identifier.
• lteventIdentifierValuegt value of the event
  identifier.
• lteventTypegt classifies the nature of the event.
• lteventDataTimegt date, time and type of event
• lteventDetailgt detail description of the event
• lteventOctomeInformationgt the outcome of the
  event
• lteventOutcomegt indicates if the event was a
  success, partial success, or failure.

29
Event Entity

• ltlinkingAgentIdentifiergt agents involved in the
  event and their specific roles Agents role are
  defined here because agents can perform different
  roles in different events
• ltlinkingAgentIdentifierTypegt refers to the
  classification of the domain that creates the
  linking agent identifier.
• ltlinkingAgentIdentifierValuegt value of the
  linking agent identifier.
• ltlinkingAgentRolegt indicates the role of the
  agent associated to the event.
• ltlinkingObjectIdentifiergt Objects involved in
  the event and their specific roles
• ltlinkingObjectIdentifierTypegt refers to the
  classification of the domain that creates the
  linking object identifier.
• ltlinkingObjectIdentifierValuegt value of the
  linking object identifier.
• ltlinkingObjectRolegt indicates the role of the
  object associated to the event.

30
PREMIS Event Example

• lteventgt
• lteventIdentifiergt
• lteventIdentifierTypegtFDsyseventlt/eventIdentif
  ierTypegt
• lteventIdentifierValuegt1cdd2b6c-5a2d-449b-b386-
  ebb15eb4af11lt/eventIdentifierValuegt
• lt/eventIdentifiergt
• lteventTypegtRendition Submittedlt/eventTypegt
• lteventDateTimegt2010-10-06T193847-0400lt/event
  DateTimegt
• lteventDetailgtRendition R0b002ee180b003b0,
  uploaded by hotfolderadmin, was submitted in the
  Submission Information package P0b002ee180b003aflt/
  eventDetailgt
• lteventOutcomeInformationgt
• lteventOutcomegtSuccesslt/eventOutcomegt
• lt/eventOutcomeInformationgt
• ltlinkingAgentIdentifiergt
• ltlinkingAgentIdentifierTypegtFDsysagentlt/linki
  ngAgentIdentifierTypegt
• ltlinkingAgentIdentifierValuegthotfolderadminlt/l
  inkingAgentIdentifierValuegt
• ltlinkingAgentRolegtimplementerlt/linkingAgentRol
  egt
• lt/linkingAgentIdentifiergt
• ltlinkingObjectIdentifiergt
• ltlinkingObjectIdentifierTypegtFDsyslt/linkingObj
  ectIdentifierTypegt
• ltlinkingObjectIdentifierValuegtR0b002ee180b003b
  0lt/linkingObjectIdentifierValuegt

31
PREMIS Agent Entity

• Agents refer to people, organizations, or
  software associated with events, more
  specifically preservation events, of an object
• In the data model diagram, there is no arrow from
  Agent entity to the Object entity, that is
  because Agents influence Objects indirectly
  through Events.

32
PREMIS Agent Entity

• PREMIS Data Dictionary defines the mandatory
  semantic unit (element) of agent entity
• That element is the following
• ltagentIdentifiergt is a repeatable semantic unit

33
Agent Entity

• agentIdentifier unique identifier for the agent
• ltagentIdentifierTypegt refers to the
  classification of the domain that creates the
  agent identifier.
• ltagentIdentifierValuegt value of the agent
  identifier
• ltagentNamegt the agents name
• ltagentTypegt the type of agent (people,
  organization, or software)

34
PREMIS Agent Example

• ltagentgt
• ltagentIdentifiergt
• ltagentIdentifierTypegtFDsysagentlt/agentIdentif
  ierTypegt
• ltagentIdentifierValuegthotfolderadminlt/agentIde
  ntifierValuegt
• lt/agentIdentifiergt
• ltagentNamegthotfolderadminlt/agentNamegt
• ltagentTypegtPersonlt/agentTypegt
• lt/agentgt

35
References

• Data Dictionary for Preservation Metadata
• http//www.oclc.org/research/activities/past/orpro
  jects/pmwg/premis-final.pdf
• Digital Library Federation/Acquifer
  Implementation Guidelines for Shareable MODS
  Records
• https//wiki.dlib.indiana.edu/download/attachments
  /24288/DLFMODS_ImplementationGuidelines.pdf
• Fdsys Requirements Document
• http//www.gpo.gov/pdfs/fdsys-info/documents/FDsys
  _RD_v2.1.pdf
• MODS User Guidelines
• http//www.loc.gov/standards/mods/userguide/
• MODS Uses and Features
• http//www.loc.gov/standards/mods/mods-overview.ht
  ml
• Understanding PREMIS
• http//www.loc.gov/standards/premis/understanding-
  premis.pdf
• W3C Schools
• http//www.w3schools.com/xml/default.asp