Cell Structure

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Cell Structure Function
http//koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html
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Definition of Cell

• A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of
  performing life functions.

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Examples of Cells
Amoeba Proteus
Plant Stem
Bacteria
Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell
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Typical Animal Cell
http//web.jjay.cuny.edu/acarpi/NSC/images/cell.g
if
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Typical Plant Cell
http//waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif
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Cell Parts

• Organelles inside the cell

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1. Nucleus

• Controls cell processes contains DNA

2. Nuclear Membrane

• Surrounds nucleus
• Made of two layers
• Provides support and protection for the nucleus

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3. Chromatin

• In nucleus
• Made of DNA Protein which gives us chromosomes.
• Contain instructions for traits characteristics
  
• (looks like cooked spaghetti)

http//library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.htm
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4. Nucleolus

• Inside nucleus
• Produces ribosomes for the cell (pink center in
  the drawing)

http//library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.htm
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5.Nuclear Pores

• Holes which allow material to move into or out of
  the nucleus.

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6.Cytoplasm

• Fluid-like mixture
• Supports the cell organelles.

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Endoplasmic Reticulum

• 7.Smooth type (SER) lacks ribosomes. Contains
  enzymes to make lipids.
• 8.Rough type (RER) (pictured) ribosomes embedded
  in surface. Lipids and proteins are assembled
  for export from the cell.

http//library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.htm
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9.Ribosomes

• Each cell contains thousands
• Make proteins
• Found on endoplasmic reticulum floating
  throughout the cell
• VERY SMALL!!

http//library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.htm
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10.Mitochondria

• Powerhouse of the cell
• Converts the energy in food to the energy that
  the cell can use (ATP).

http//library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.htm
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11.Golgi Bodies

• Modify, sort and package protein.

http//library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.htm
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12.Lysosome

• Contain enzymes to break down proteins, fats, and
  carbs.
• Garbage collector of the cell.

http//library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.htm
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13. Vacuoles

• Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and
  waste removal
• Contains water solution
• Help plants maintain shape

http//library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.htm
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14. Chloroplast

• Usually found in plant cells
• Converts sunlight into plant food.
• Where photosynthesis takes place

http//library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.htm
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15.Centrioles

• Aid in cell division only 2 in cell
• Only found in animal cells.

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Cytoskeleton

• 16. Microtubules maintain cell shape and help
  form the spindle in cell division. (hollow)

• 17. Microfilaments aid in movement and support.
  (solid)

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18. Cell Wall

• Provides support and protection for a plant cell.
  Found only in plants.

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19. Cell membrane

• Regulates what enters and leaves a cell
• Provides protection and support for the cell