World History/Cultures Chapter 11-The French Revolution Section 3- Dawn of a New Era

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World History/CulturesChapter 11-The French
Revolution Section 3- Dawn of a New Era
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• Terms/Names
• conscription- the draft
• coup detat- quick seizure of power
• Jacobins- extreme radicals
• Girondists- moderates
• Napoleon Bonaparte- Emperor of France
• Prussia- European country fighting
  revolutionaries
• Valmy- victory site for French Revolutionaries
  which halted the armies of the European monarch.
• Committee of Public Safety- Convened by national
  Convention to direct war

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• August 1792
• Austrian Prussian armies marched toward Paris.
• City Workers (Radicals) took over the government
  made France a Republic formed the National
  Convention.
• Sept 1792 Revolutionaries defeat European powers
  at Valmy save the revolution

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• Sept 1792-1795 National Convention- met passed
  reforms.
• Radicals who took over National Assembly
• Wrote first democratic constitution
• all males could vote
• power in hands of National Legislature
• Tried executed Louis XVI
• Established French Republic

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• National Convention cont
• Created the metric system
• Political Divisions within National Convention
• Jacobins- radicals defenders of the revolution
  leader- Robespierre voice of the people (sans
  culottes) sat at the back of the hall on high
  benches (mountain).
• Girondists- moderates wanted to protect wealthy
  middle class felt revolution had gone far
  enough.
• The Plain- in middle undecided deputies but were
  majority in convention came to support the
  mountain.

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• January 1793 European monarchs form an alliance
  against revolutionaries in France.
  Revolutionaries try to spread Revolution
  everywhere.
• Summer of 1793 Committee of Public Safety-
  direct the war adopted conscription to raise an
  army.
• July 1793 Reign of Terror- Jacobins try to crush
  all opposition to their plans. Committee of
  Public Safety ruled France. Robespierre ruled
  Committee. Robespierre other radicals executed
  anyone thought to be against the Revolution.

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• July 1794 Reign of Terror ends. Wave of killing
  turned the people against Robespierre he was
  executed. Jacobins lose power. Middle class takes
  control of Convention.
• 1795 Convention writes a constitution favoring
  the wealthy. Only land owning males could vote.
  Set up a 5 man council called The Directory to
  rule with a 2 house legislature. Created many
  problems. People looked to army for leadership.

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• 1799 Napoleon seizes power (coup detat) from
  Directory declares himself Emperor of France.
• Napoleon Bonaparte General in the French army
  defeated the Austrians protected the Directory
  against an uprising.

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• Conditions in France that made his rise to power
  possible
• food shortages
• rising prices
• growing gap between rich poor
• financial problems
• scandals among directors
• Revolution ends. Empire begins.

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• Results
• Ideas of the Enlightment continue to influence
  people around the world.
• Brings about the decline of the absolute rulers
  of Europe.