Agriculture Scenario in Eastern India - Review and Future Prospects

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Agriculture Scenario in Eastern India - Review
and Future Prospects
Workshop 06-04-2015
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JHARKHAND STATE PROFILE
Area in Area in Lakhs Ha Total
Geographical Area 79.71 Total Cultivable
Land 47.67 38.00 Net Sown
Area 32.30 25.75 Current Fallow
8.32 6.62 Other Fallow 08.46 6.75
Forest 29.20 23.28 Barren
Lands 7.20 5.74 Non Agricultural
Use 8.60 6.86 Pasture and Other Grazing
Land 2.48 1.97 Cultivable Waste
Land 3.44 2.74 Irrigated land 12.73
3.007 Cropping Intensity 125
12-13 Lakh ha area cultivable but not cultivated.
Rainfed Agriculture 1/4th of net sown area
utilized in Rabi
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Rainfall

• Normal rainfall during 2008 2011
• Deficit rainfall during 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013,
  2014
• Distribution is erratic both Spatial temporal
  with late onset of monsoon.

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Financial Achievement of RKVY
Rs. In Crore
Year Allocation Total Release Expenditure Unspent Balance
2007-08 61.66 55.68 55.68 0
2008-09 58.62 29.31 29.31 0
2009-10 70.13 70.13 70.13 0
2010-11 351.37 252.02 252.02 0
2011-12 168.56 174.56 174.56 0.00
2012-13 241.55 219.3794 210.8159 8.5636
2013-14 249.12 147.10 133.2962 13.8102
2014-15 306.94 153.15 99.7675 53.3825
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Constraints

• Soil Acidity and Poor Soil Condition
• Fallow/ Rice fallow land
• Low level of Irrigation/ input utillization
• Run off Loss- Soil and Water Conservation.
• Low Cropping Intensity (Mono Cropping)
• Increasing Seed Exchange Rate.
• Skill Development
• Low Farm Mechanization
• Low Credit/Insurance
• inadequate agri / post harvest infrastructure.

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INITIATIVES TAKEN BY THE DEPARTMENT

• Ensuring timely and quality supply of Seed /
  hybrid seed
• Launching of Seed Treatment Campaign.
• Quantitative Increase in crop coverage
• Promoting consumption of inputs
• 5. Special efforts to promote Rabi Production
• 6. Promoting Water Harvesting /Dovetailing of
  Micro Irrigation with Check dams
• 7. Strengthening of Extension Services Network
  Capacity building Skill Upgradation
• 8. Ensuring Easy Credit Facilities to the Farmers
• 9. Close Monitoring and Supervision at
  Block/District/State Level

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Major Achievement up to 2014-15

1. Increase in paddy productivity (from 20 q/ha to
   30 q/ha)
2. Increase in paddy production (32 lakh ton to 46
   lakh ton).
3. Increase in area under pulses from 4.66 lakha ha
   to 5.87 lakhs ha.
4. Increase in production under pulses from 4.12
   lakh ton to 6.86 lakh ton.
5. Increase in Rabi area from 5.92 lakh ha to 6.12
   lakh ha.
6. Promotion of notified hybrid 60000 qtl paddy
   seed distributed ( 4.28 lakh ha)
7. Construction of 6000 MT godown in each district.
   
8. Agriculture Technology Information Center (ATIC)
   in each block.
9. Participation of 2792 farmers of Jharkhand in
   Krishi Vasant and 53359 farmers participated in
   the webcasting.
10. Massive Seed treatment campaign in each block and
    panchayat

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Krishi Karman Award
Krishi Karman Award for Coarse Cereals (2013-14)
Krishi Karman Award for Pulses (2012-13)
Krishi Karman Award for Pulses (2011-12)
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FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR FOODGRAIN PRODUCTION

1. Area Expansion (8 lakh ha)
2. Rabi Area (6.5 lakh ha to 15 Lakh ha).
3. Increase in Use of INM/ IPM ( 10 Lakh ha)
4. Soil Amendment (10 lakh ha)
5. Seed Production in PPP Mode (0.88 lakh qtl to
   2.40 lakh qtl)
6. Seed Distribution (1.53 lakh qtl to 4.32 lakh
   qtl)
7. Promotion of SRI and Hybrid Rice Programme.
8. Promotion of Zero Tillage Technology to cover
   Rice Fallow area
9. Promotion of Oilseed and Pulses
10. Capacity Building Programme (Coverage up to
    Block/Village level)

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FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR FOODGRAIN PRODUCTION
11. Intensification of ATMA Programme (Block /
Village level) 12. Pre-positioning of Fertilizer
14. Close Monitoring Mechanism at
State/District/ Block level 15. Kisan Credit Card
in Mission Mode ( 5.11 lakh Nos. to 20 lakhs Nos)
16. Strengthening of Infrastructure (Storage
Godown, State Seed Farm, Seed Processing
Facility) 17. Seed Treatment Campaign ( Panchayat
wise Awareness, Seed Dressing Drum, Seed
Treatment Material on 90 subsidy) 18. Farm
Mechanization (Equipment Bank for Custom Hiring)
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Thrust Area for 2015-16

1. Increase in Rabi area .
2. Area Expansion in Kharif.
3. Use of INM/ IPM
4. Promotion of Soil Amendment for acidic soil
5. Promotion of Oilseed and Pulses
6. Quality Seed production and distribution in PPP
   mode.
7. Promotion of SRI and Hybrid Rice programme.
8. Promotion of Kisan Credit Card to farmers.
9. Farm Mechanization (Equipment bank for custom
   hiring).
10. Soil conservation measures
11. Enhancement of area under cashew production.

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ISSUES FOR AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT

1. Release of Grant of different centrally sponsored
   scheme directly through RTGS to concerned Agency.
   
2. Special support for solar power to the
   agriculture sector.
3. Low Credit utilization (Financing support from
   Banking institutions).
4. Support for development of agricultural
   infrastructure .
5. Establishment of Kisan Call center in Jharkhand.
6. Community Radio Service should be provided in
   selected KVK.

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Climatic and Socio-economic Constraints for
Pulses Oilseed in Jharkhand

• Predominantly Rain fed Agriculture.
• Climatic change Shift in rainfall pattern and
  frequent drought.
• Instability in food production.
• Erratic rainfall, long dry spells, occasional
  heavy rains, cloudy weather and high
• humidity at the time of flowering and pod
  setting result in poor yield.
• Non-availability of quality seed at appropriate
  rate and time.
• Pulses are generally grown under deficit
  moisture and poor management
• practices.
• The farmers either do not apply fertilizers or
  if they apply, application method is
• not proper.
• The pulse crops are very vulnerable to a large
  number of pest and diseases, as
• compared to cereals and other crops.

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Road Map for Oilseed Pulses Sector

• Expand oilseed and Pulses area
• Rice fallows and non-traditional areas
• Intercropping
• Crop diversification
• Effective technology dissemination for enhancing
  productivity
• Quality seed of improved varieties
• Balanced crop nutrition
• Protective irrigation
• Effective crop management
• Integrated pest management
• Provide favorable policy back up
• Decontrol of traditional oilseeds and Pulses from
  small scale sector to enhance efficiency of
  processing
• Effective market interventions
• Favourable trade policy

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Vision Document for Agricultural Development

• A vision document for agriculture development
  prepared by the ICAR with consultation of Dept.
  of Agriculture under the Guidance of Planning
  Commission
• The agricultural development programme prepared
  and included in State Plan as per the Issues
  raised in the vision document.

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HORTICULTURE SECTOR
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Horticulture scenario in Jharkhand
Increase in area under horticulture Crops Increase in area under horticulture Crops Increase in production of Horticulture Crops Increase in production of Horticulture Crops
Jharkhand India Jharkhand India
29.00 15.00 18.00 21.70
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fruits and vegetables statistics of last five
years
Fruit /Vegetable deficit / surplus
S.N. Item Per capita Availability (g) Minimum requirement as per recommendation of ICMR (g) of surplus () deficit (-)
1. Fruit per day/head 40 90 (-) 125
2. Vegetables per day /head 306 285 () 6.86
Fruits Vegetables
  Production Production Productivity Productivity Area Area
COMPONENT Jharkhand India Jharkhand India Jharkhand India
FRUITS 122.50 16.50 10.50 T/ha 11.40 T/ha 122.70 14.40
VEGETABLES 16.52 21.68 14.93 T/ha 17.39 T/ha 9.39 14.44

• Productivity of Bean, Okara, Onion Peas was
  higher than that at national level.
• Presently, the state produces 0.40 Million tonnes
  of surplus vegetables.
• More than 1.0 Million tonnes of vegetables are
  sent outside the state.

Source HARP INDIAN COUNCIL OF AGRICULTURE
RESEARCH 2013
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Utilization of waste land through Plantation crop
(Cashew-nut)

• Under NHM programme cashew plantation has been
  started in the state since 2005-2006.
• Only 3 districts namely E. Singhbhum, Saraikela
  W. Singhbhum with an area of 3330 ha. had been
  covered till 2009-10.
• Upto 2014-15 total area of 19659 ha covered in 10
  districts in the state.
• Three cashewnut processing units and two in
  pipeline with a total capacity of 560 kg/8 hrs
  are being established in the different locations.
• Selling price of raw Cashew - Rs. 90-100/ kg (the
  selling price of raw Cashew has escalated from
  Rs.10-15/kg in the initial years due to three
  Cashew processing unit in the area)

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Issues

• Poor farmer fragmented land.
• Open grazing culture in the state
• Soil related problems/ Insects/disease attack
• Unavailability of good planting
  material/seeds/cormus etc in required quantity
• Lack of marketing infrastructure (organized
  wholesale terminal market).
• Poor infrastructure for P.H.M.
• Less knowledge about high production,
  technologies its dissemination.

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Strategies

• Establishing nursery in privates public sector
  areas for availability of good quality planting
  material
• To harness optimum productivity, high density
  orcharding and fruit based multitier cropping
  systems is emphasized.
• Training, capacity building and skill upgradation
  of farmers and extension functionaries.
• Water source development, Use of mulches for
  restricting weed irrigation
• Post harvest management infrastructures
• Adoption of new technologies develop at SAU/ICAR
  institutes.
• Increase the productivity of existing old and
  senile orchards through rejuvenation.
• Organic farming

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New Initiatives to be taken by State Horticulture
Mission and Directorate of Horticulture,
Jharkhand Jointly

• Implement MIDH programme in NonNHM Districts
• Establishment of Centre for Excellence for
  holistic development of horticulture.
• State has launched the organic mission, Spices
  mission.
• Establishment of IQF (Instant Quick Freezing)
  unit
• Establishment of Collection, Grading and
  Packaging Centre in each district marketing yard
  (Bazar Samiti) in State.
• Cultivation of Ginger as model project jointly
  with Spices Board

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Marketing Sector
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2008 Reforms in Jharkhand State Agricultural
Produce Act enacted. 2013 Rules framed in
consonance with reforms in the Act.
Areas of reforms in Agricultural Marketing

• Direct marketing (direct purchase of agriculture
  produce from agriculturists)
• Private Markets
• Contract Farming
• Special Mandis (Markets) exclusively for
  Potatoes, Onion, Fruits vegetables and etc.
• Restrictions on involvement of commission
  agencies in sale-purchase of any type of
  agriculture produce.

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Areas of reforms in Agricultural Marketing

• Farmer consumer market by a person other than
  Market Committees.
• Single Unified License for trading in more than
  one Market.
• Single point levy for Market Fee.
• E-trading

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Growth of Storage Capacity 2010-2014
Storage capacity in MT
In LMT
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Constraints and Immediate Plans

• WADRA accredition required for godowns.
• Further enhancement of three lacs M.T.- of
  100-500 M.T. capacity at PACKS level on WDRA
  norms is required to enable the farmers for
  facilities like pledge loan.
• It will further strengthen the availability of
  grains for FOOD SECURITY PROGRAMME.

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• 602 nos of Gramin Haats are there in 28 APMC .
• Out of these 19 have been identified for
  immediate up-gradation and 17 in the second
  phase.
• These Gramin Mandis have some basic
  infrastructure in the shape of covered platforms,
  internal road, drainage, sanitation , drinking
  water facilities etc. However they require
  further facilities for PHM like pre-cooling
  units, cleaning, grading and cold chains of
  variable temperature capacity .
• Assistance is sought under MIDH programmes.

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Construction of Cold chain

• 16 numbers of Cold chains have been constructed
  at the cost of 376.32 Lac costing 23.52 Lac for
  each unit.
• Provision of Sorting and Grading has been made.
• 7.5 KvA Generator Set for each location has
  been installed.
• Provision of Electronic Weighing Machine and 100
  numbers Plastic crates has also been made at
  each unit.
• These are being transferred to Vegfed.

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Construction of Pack house, collecting centre,
primary processing unit and Apni Mandi

• Construction of Pack House, Collecting centers
  and Primary Processing unit under Apni Mandi
  under the RKVY Scheme at different 9 points in
  rural hats under Ranchi APMC. Unit cost for each
  scheme is 55.00 Lac.
• Assistance/Grants in aid by NCCD is required.
  Proposal is being sent.

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Multi Purpose Cold Storage Facility

• Proposal for construction of 5000 M.T. capacity
  multi chamber cold storage based on hybrid
  solar system with IQF. Ripening chambers of 15
  MT at APMC Ranchi, Ramgarh, Dhanbad, Jamshedpur
  and Garhwa is under process.
• Advertisement for EOI in this field was invited
  and has received positive responses for four
  places in PPP mode.
• Assistance under NMFP/NHM schemes is sought.

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Road map for reforms taken in 17 principal
Market yards, sub market yard and rural hats in
agricultural marketing in Jharkhand
Core Facilities
Support Infrastructure
Service Infrastructure
Maintenance Infrastructure
Platforms for automatic weighing
Rest Rooms
Water Supply
Door mastic for Farmers
Cleaning Sanitation
Power
Auction Platforms PCC footpath/road
Sanitary Facilities
Information center for farmer regarding prices of
different commodity
Garbage collection disposal
Packaging Labeling Equipments
Waste utilization
Posts Telephones
Parking
Standardization Facilities
Vermi composting
Banking
Sheds for Animals
Storage/ cold Rooms
Computerized System
Soil testing facilities
Ripening Chambers
Rain water harvesting
Drainage
Hybrid solar multi chamber cold storage
Outlets of seeds, pesticides and fertilizer
Grading facility
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Thank You