Ch. 17: Progressive Movement 1890-1920

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Ch. 17 Progressive Movement 1890-1920

• 1903 Elkins Act
• 1906 Hepburn Act
• Pure Food Drug Act, 1906
• Conservation
• National Reclamation Act, 1902
• US Forest Service, 1905
• William H. Taft (1909-1913)
• Ballinger-Pinchot Affair, 1910
• 16th Amendment
• 17th Amendment
• Bull Moose Party
• New Nationalism
• Woodrow Wilson
• New Freedom
• Underwood Tariff
• 18th Amendment
• 19th Amendment
• Federal Reserve System, 1913
• Federal Trade Commission, 1914

• Progressivism
• Roots of Progressivism
• Religious Groups
• Carrie Nation
• Radicals
• Muckrakers
• The Jungle
• History of Standard Oil
• Chicago
• Scientific Management
• Commission form of Govt.
• Council-Manager form of Govt.
• Robert Battling Bob LaFollette
• Direct Primary
• Muller v. Oregon, 1908
• Minor v. Harppersett (1875)
• Suffrage
• Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1909)
• Square Deal

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Ch. 17 NC Competency Goals

• US 7.01 Explain the conditions that led to the
  rise of Progressivism.
• US 7.02 Analyze how different groups of
  Americans made economic and political gains in
  the Progressive Period.
• US 7.03 Evaluate the effects of racial
  segregation on different regions and segments of
  the United States' society.
• Student Objectives
• Students will be able to
• Identify explain the key terms on pages 518,
  522, 531, 537, 543.
• Successfully complete the chapter review on pages
  544-545
• Identify the main social problems of the time
  explain how they were solved
• Explain the role of muckrakers in Progressive
  society
• Identify explain the presidency of all 3
  Progressive Presidents
• Analyze the Womens Rights movement
• Identify explain all 4 Progressive Amendments
  and
• Assess the problems faced by minority community
  analyze the extent of how those problems were
  addressed.

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• PROGRESSIVISM
• Reform movement that called for govt. to fix
  the problems of
• Society
• 2 Main Goals Protect individual rights
  regulate big business
• Mainly working class people

Grangers
Populists
Social Reforms
Govt. Reforms
Problems
Solutions
Problems
Solutions
Tenement Houses
Tenement House Law 1901 Stricter building codes
Spoils System Patronage
Merit System Pendleton Act Must take test to
prove you can do the job
Child Labor Committee 1904 To end child
labor Childrens Bureau, 1912 Investigate
end child labor
Child Labor
City-Manager Form Commission Form of Govt.
Professionals in charge of running the city
govt. 17th Amendment Citizens elect their
Senators, not city boss Direct Primary
Voters select nominees for upcoming elections
Political Machines City Bosses
Meat Packing
Pure Food Drug Act, 1906 Label food change
processing techniques
Prohibition Temperance Effort to ban
alcohol Led by Carrie Nation
Drinking
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PROGRESSIVISM REFORMERS The people or groups
that made it happen

• Muckrakers
• Investigative journalists that
• exposed problems in society
• Uncovered ugly aspects of
• American life

Social Reformers
Govt. Reformers
Social Gospel Mvmt.
Robert Battling Bob La Follette Reformer at
State level
Exposed problems in Meat packing industry Wrote
The Jungle
Upton Sinclair
YMCA
US Presidents Teddy Roosevelt William
Taft Woodrow Wilson Reformers at the Federal
level
Exposed problems in Standard Oil Industry Wrote
History of Standard OIl
Salvation Army
Ida Tarbell
Exposed problems with Tenement housing Wrote
How the Other ½ Lives
Jacob Riis
Temperance Mvmt.
Exposed lynching Wrote Lynching Other
Southern Horrors
Ida Wells
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PROGRESSIVE PRESIDENT THEODORE ROOSEVELT
1901-1908 Republican Nicknames TR, Teddy,
Trustbuster
Platform
Square Deal Protect little people from Big
Business
Laws Passed

• 1902 Coal Strike TR used arbitration
• to stop strike threatened to use
• military
• Pres. Can end strikes to protect
• American people

Elkins Act, 1903 Illegal to change rates or
give rebates without notice

• Keep good ones
• get rid of bad ones
• Enforced Sherman
• Anti-Trust Act

Feelings about Trusts
Hepburn Act, 1906 Set maximum rate railroads
can charge
Tariffs
High
Pure Food Drug Act, 1906

• TR considered this to be a very
• important issue
• Natl. Reclamation Act, 1902
• Created irrigation projects in the West
• US Forest Srvc., 1905 Manages
• Nations water timber resources

Conservation
Conservation Laws
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PROGRESSIVE PRESIDENT William Taft
1909-1913 Republican
Platform
None
Amendments
Feelings about Trusts
Attacked ALL trusts
16th Income Tax
Tariffs
Said he would lower tariffs, but never did
17th Direct Election of Senators
Conservation

• Ballinger-Pinchot Affair, 1910
• Sold land TR set aside
• Angered TR conservationists

Laws Passed
None
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TR Returns toPolitics

• TR didnt like what Taft was doing decided to
  run for Pres. in 1912
• Bull Moose Party
• Progressive 3rd Party of TR
• Tariff reductions, womens suffrage, labor
  reforms, conservation etc.
• New Nationalism Fed. Govt. would put national
  need before sectional or personal advantage
• Reforming public welfare
• Shot during campaign speech, kept speaking
  despite wound (1.5 hrs.)
• In the 1912 election, the Rep. party split their
  vote between Taft TR
• TR got more votes than Taft, but Dems. won take
  control of Congress

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PROGRESSIVE PRESIDENT Woodrow Wilson 1913
1920 Democrat
NEW FREEDOM Attacked the triple wall of
privilege Tariffs, Trusts High Finance
Platform
Feelings about Trusts
Committed to regulating Big Business

• Federal Reserve Bank
• System, 1913
• Controls supply
• 12 districts in USA
• Prevented bank
• failures

Finances
Federal Trade Commission, 1914 Investigated
Unfair business practices
Laws Passed
Clayton Anti-Trust Act, 1914 Unions strikes
are legal
18th Prohibition
Tariffs
Underwood Tariff Lowered tariffs
Amendments
19th Womens suffrage
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Women had very few rights in the early 20th
Century (1900s)
Women's Rights
Suffrage
Court Cases
Womens movement to gain The right to vote Used
picketing, parades, civil disobedience
Muller v. Oregon, 1908 Limited hours
women Laundry workers could work
Minor v. Happersett, 1875 Said women were
citizens, but they were not guaranteed the right
to vote
19th Amendment gave women the right to vote
Leaders of the Womens Suffrage Movement Susan
B. Anthony Elizabeth Cady Stanton Josephine Ruffin
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PROGRESSIVE PRESIDENTS CIVIL RIGHTS
Progressive Presidents did very little to aid
civil rights for certain groups
Niagara Movement Meeting of African Americans to
discuss black concerns issues

• Jim Crow Laws made
• Stronger
• No Anti-Lynching Laws

African Americans

• Forced to assimilate live
• on reservations
• Feared culture would not
• survive

• 1930s Finally allowed
• To practice traditions
• Equality still a long way
• off

Native Americans

• Faced lots of discrimination

Immigrants