Civil%20Rights

1
Civil Rights
2
Lets think back

• Civil War
• Fought because
• Reconstruction
• Put in place after the Civil War to remove
  slavery from the south. Ended in 1877
• Discrimination
• Even though
• Jim Crow Laws
• Legal segregation that further degraded African
  Americans. Laws required the separation of
  blacks and whites in schools, parks, public
  buildings, hospitals, and transportation systems

3
Emancipation Proclamation The Civil War was
fought over the acceptance of slavery between the
Union (North) and Confederates (South) in the
United States. On January 1, 1863, President
Lincoln declared that all persons held as slaves
in Confederate states should be freed with the
Emancipation Proclamation.
4
The reconstruction era after the Civil War
instituted three new amendments in the
Constitution for former slaves citizenship, the
right for due process, and the right to vote.
Many of the northerners were afraid that these
efforts were not enough and programs for
education and business ownership needed to be
implemented.
5
Plessy vs. Ferguson, 1896

• Supreme Court case that upheld the
  separate-but-equal doctrine of Jim Crow Laws.
• Law was hard to enforce.
• African American schools and other facilities
  were rarely if ever made equal.

6
(No Transcript)
7
Plessy vs. Ferguson Clip
8
Jackie Robinson

• First baseball player to play in a white league
  
• Despite many situations of prejudice against him,
  Jackie behaved with dignity and played well.
• Named Rookie of the Year in 1947
• Voted MVP in 1949
• Fostered pride in African Americans around the
  country.

9
(No Transcript)
10
Video Clip Jackie Robinson
11
1. Why did Branch Rickey, the general manager of
the Brooklyn Dodgers choose Jackie Robinson to
break, the color line in baseball?

• Robinson had a record of standing up against
  racial injustice

12
2. In 1954 what did the supreme Court rule in
Brown v. Board of Education?

• Segregation in public schools no longer would be
  allowed

13
Brown vs. Board of Ed
14
Rosa Parks Clip
15
3. What role did Rosa Parks play in the struggle
for equal right?

• She refused to move to the back of the bus was
  arrested for violating the segregation laws of
  Montgomery, Alabama.

16
In Response. . .

• For over a year, Blacks boycotted the buses.
• They carpooled and walked through all weather
  conditions

17
Many were arrested for an illegal boycott
including their leader. . .
18
4. Who became the spokesperson for the Montgomery
bus boycott?

• Martin Luther King Jr.

19
http//www.africanaonline.com/Graphic/rosa_parks_b
us.gif

• While the NAACP fought in the courts, MLKs
  organization led the boycott.

20
Kings sacrifice

• King was arrested thirty times in his 38 year
  life.
• His house was bombed or nearly bombed several
  times
• Death threats constantly

21
Success!
22
Montgomery Bus Boycott
23
School Integration

• The attitude of many schools after the 1954 Brown
  decision was like

Come Make Me!
24
Delayed Action
25
5. Why did President Eisenhower send the Arkansas
National Guard to Little Rock?

• To enforce the desegregation of schools at Little
  Rock High school

26
Federalism

• When Federal troops are sent to make states
  follow federal laws, this struggle for power is
  called federalism.
• The Civil Rights Movement was mostly getting the
  federal government to make state governments to
  follow federal law.

27
Little Rock 9

• In 1957, Governor of Little Rock, Arkansas
  declared that he would not enforce integration in
  the schools.
• Posted Arkansas National Guard troops at the door
  of the high school and turned away nine African
  American students who tried to attend.

28
Little Rock, Arkansas 1957
29
Little Rock 9

• President Eisenhower responded by placing the
  National Guard troops under his command.
• The troops escorted the students in to the
  schools to keep them physically safe.
• Troops were not allowed to interact with
  students, though, and students within the high
  school openly threatened, mocked, and verbally
  attacked the Little Rock 9.

30
Little Rock 9 Clip
31
(No Transcript)
32
(No Transcript)
33
(No Transcript)
34
6. How did Mexican Americans and Native Americans
assert their rights in the 1950s?

• Mexican Americans began peaceful protests for
  equal rights
• Native Americans also fought for better treatment
  from the federal govt
• BOTH WANTED EQUALITY