Abraham

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Andrew Jackson
James K. Polk
Abraham Lincoln
Andrew Johnson
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Andrew Jackson
1829-1837
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National Bank
Andrew Jackson thought that the Bank of the
United States had too much power. He believed
that there should only be State Banks.
Jackson set out to destroy the National Bank.
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Tariffs
Jackson instituted tariffs against foreign
producers of goods. The Southerners called it
the Tariff of Abominations. The South was
especially hurt by this tariff, because the
Southerners sold their cotton to Britain and
bought items from that country.
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Nullification
Does a state have a right to nullify, or cancel,
a federal law?
Because of the Tariff the South was very angry
and passed the Nullification Act. John C.
Calhoun, Vice President at the time. He said that
he considered the tariff to be unconstitutional.
Calhoun was a big believer of States Rights. He
was against a very strong Federal Government that
hurt people in certain states, namely the South.
South Carolina threatened to break away or,
secede, from the Union and start its own country.

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Spoils System
Jackson fired many of the government employees.
He replaced them with his own supporters. Since
then many of the Presidents have done the same
thing. It has become know as the spoils system.
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Indian Removal
An accomplished Indian fighter himself, Jackson
orders Indians to Reservations. In 1830 Jackson
signed the Indian Removal Act. It forced Native
Americans west of the Mississippi River.
15,000 Cherokee Indians, were marched hundreds of
miles. Thousands perished in the march, and
became known as the Trail of Tears.
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Suffrage
Voting became much easier during this era. In
the West, they passed laws that any white man
over the age of 21 could vote. The voter
turnout used to be 28 percent. In 1828, it rose
to 40 percent turnout. By 1840 the voter turnout
was 80 percent. Today 2002 about only 35-40
percent vote.
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James K. Polk
1845-49
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Mexican War 1846-48
Our annexation of Texas made the Mexicans very
uncomfortable. How far would we come? What
other land might we want. A dispute was provoked
when Polk ordered General Taylor into disputed
land between Mexican and American territory
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Mexican War 1846-48

• Result of War
• We gain entire Mexican Cession
• We fulfill our Manifest Destiny

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Gold Rush 1849
More than 80,000 people rush to California in
search of gold CA becomes a state in 1850 By
1852, CA had 100,000 residents
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Abraham Lincoln
1861-1865
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Republican Party G.O.P.
With the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860, the
Republicans established their platform no
slavery in the territories of the West.
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American Civil War 1861-1865
The first shots were fired in April of 1861. The
North (Union) and South (Confederates) fought
the next four years over several issues
slavery, states rights, and economics.
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Gettysburg Address
To dedicate the new cemetery in Gettysburg,
Pennsylvania, Abraham Lincoln gave a
short 3-minute speech dedicating the cemetery to
the brave men that lay there.
Abraham Lincoln
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Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation went into affect in
1863. It was written and signed by Lincoln, and
it said that all the slaves in the Confederate
States were now and forever free.
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Emancipation Proclamation
He wrote this for two reasons. First, to give
the Union (north) something to fight for, namely
the freedom of the slaves. Second, it was
written to keep Great Britain from helping out
the South (Confederates) during the war.
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Andrew Johnson
1865-1869
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(No Transcript)
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Amendments to Constitution under Johnson
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13th Admendment to Constitution Ratified 1865
End of Slavery-Neither slavery nor involuntary
servitude, except as a punishment for crime
whereof the party shall have been duly convicted,
shall exist within the United States, or any
place subject to their jurisdiction.
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14th Admendment to Constitution Ratified 1868
Rights of All Citizens-All persons born or
naturalized in the United States, and subject to
the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the
United States and of the State wherein they
reside. No State shall make or enforce any law
which shall abridge the privileges or immunities
of citizens of the United States nor shall any
State deprive any person of life, liberty, or
property, without due process of law nor deny to
any person within its jurisdiction the equal
protection of the laws.
15th Admendment to Constitution Ratified 1870
Voting Rights The right of citizens of the
United States to vote shall not be denied or
abridged by the United States or by any State on
account of race, color, or previous condition of
servitude--
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Post-Civil War Reconstruction
After the Civil War was finished everyone had a
different idea on how to punish the south.
Abraham Lincoln said that we should treat the
southern people with a velvet glove, or gently.
Others said that they were traitors and should
be punished. This era after the Civil War became
known as the Reconstruction The Argument
centered on the fact that the South needed to be
Rebuilt or Reconstruction but how? President
Andrew Johnson was at the center of the discuss,
and wanted to be more gentle with the south.
The Republicans in the Congress thought
differently.
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Completion of Transcontinental Railroad
The greatest historical event in transportation
on the continent occurred at Promontory Point,
Utah, on May 10, 1869, as the Union Pacific
Railroad (From East) tracks joined those of the
Central Pacific Railroad (From West).
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The End