Western Literature Report- Alfred, Lord Tennyson

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Western Literature Report-Alfred, Lord Tennyson

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Alfred, Lord Tennyson

• Alfred Tennyson (1809-1892), English poet often
  regarded as the chief representative of the
  Victorian age in poetry. Tennyson succeeded
  Wordsworth as Poet Laureate in 1850.

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Background

• Alfred, Lord Tennyson was born on August 5, 1809
  in Somersby, Lincolnshire. His father, George
  Clayton Tennyson, a clergyman and rector,
  suffered from depression and was notoriously
  absentminded. Alfred began to write poetry at an
  early age in the style of Lord Byron. After
  spending four unhappy years in school he was
  tutored at home.

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• Tennyson then studied at Trinity College,
  Cambridge, where he joined the literary club 'The
  Apostles' and met Arthur Hallam, who became his
  closest friend. Tennyson published Poems, Chiefly
  Lyrical, in 1830, which included the popular
  "Mariana".

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• His next book, Poems (1833), received unfavorable
  reviews, and Tennyson ceased to publish for
  nearly ten years. Hallam died suddenly on the
  same year in Vienna. It was a heavy blow to
  Tennyson. He began to write "In Memoriam", an
  elegy for his lost friend - the work took
  seventeen years. "The Lady of Shalott", "The
  Lotus-eaters" "Morte d'Arthur" and "Ulysses"
  appeared in 1842 in the two-volume Poems and
  established his reputation as a writer

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Poetry -The Eagle

• (Fragment)He clasps the crag with crooked
  hands????????????,
• Close to the sun in lonely lands,
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• Ringed with the azure world, he
  stands.?????????????,

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• The wrinkled sea beneath him crawls????????,
• He watches from his mountain walls,?????????,
• And like a thunderbolt he falls.
• ??????

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In Memoriam A.H.H.

• Strong Son of God, immortal Love, Whom
  we, that have not seen thy face,By faith, and
  faith alone, embrace,Believing where we cannot
  prove Thine are these orbs of light and
  shade Thou madest Life in man and bruteThou
  madest Death and lo, thy footIs on the skull
  which thou hast made.

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• Thou wilt not leave us in the dustThou madest
  man, he knows not why,He thinks he was not made
  to dieAnd thou hast made him thou art
  just.Thou seemest human and divine,The
  highest, holiest manhood, thou.Our wills are
  ours, we know not howOur wills are ours, to
  make them thine.Our little systems have their
  dayThey have their day and cease to beThey
  are but broken lights of thee,And thou, O Lord,
  art more than they.

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Victorian Values

• BackgroundThe Victorian Era describes things and
  events in the reign of Queen Victoria
  (1837-1901). Victoria was just 18 years old when
  she became queen upon the death of her uncle
  William IV in 1837. Many people today believe
  that the Victorian Era is really connotations of
  prudish, old-fashioned, and very traditional.
  But, the Victorian Era is very paradoxical and
  very complex.

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The industrial revolution flourished during this
time and Britain became the world leader in
manufacturing. Factory towns grew to large
cities. Two classes of people also grewthe
industrial working class and a modern middle
class. During this time, Britain expanded its
merchant fleet and navy, which they used to
acquire new colonies in all parts of the globe.
(It was during this time that Britain carves up
Africa and expanded its control over what is now
South Africa.) It was the Victorians who could
boast, "the sun never sets on the British empire."
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Victorian Values

• In politics Leaders pushed for electoral reform
  and a better trade policy. Women, though still
  not able to vote, attended universities.
  Parliament passed laws to reduce the working day
  for women and children, and to establish a system
  of free grammar schools. One of the most
  important issues left unresolved in the Victorian
  Age was the future of Ireland, where widespread
  poverty had bred bitter opposition to British
  control.

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Victorian Values

• In literature The ideas of the Victorian
  Agepolitical and moral, scientific and
  religioushelped to shape the works. As literacy
  increased, so did the impact of the written word.
  This time was also a time of social concern, and
  writers (such as Dickens-the writer of Oliver
  Twist and David Copperfield ) exposed a dark
  underside of the industrial agebrutal factory
  conditions and stinking slums that bred poverty
  and disease.

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Victorian Values

• Work ethics
• 1.Earnestness
• 2.Respectability-
• the sense of duty, responsibility
• Reason?

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Sources of information

• http//www.online-literature.com/tennyson/
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Tennyson,_1st_
  Baron_Tennyson
• http//education.guardian.co.uk/egweekly/story/0,,
  1785310,00.html
• http//www.runet.edu/ntaylor/victorian_age.htm
• http//www.echeat.com/essay.php?t27664

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