1.2.1 - Physical activity and your healthy mind and body

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1.2.1 - Physical activity and your healthy mind
and body

• Learning Objectives
• Understand the 3 different somatotypes.
• Understand how optimum weight effects performance

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Optimum weight

• A persons most favorable weight can be considered
  for a general healthy lifestyle or more
  specifically for a chosen sport.     
• Top athletes will monitor their weight and body
  composition to give them the best advantage for
  competing.
• For the average person you can look at your body
  composition simply by looking at your Body Mass
  Index and comparing it to the optimum weight on a
  chart.  
• Remember - Body composition is defined as the
  percentage of body weight that is fat, muscle and
  bone.  All three of these effect body weight.

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Being underweight or overweight affects
performance.

• An athletes optimum weight may be different to
  general expected weight for a healthy person.
• What type of body will a Marathon runner, Boxer
  and Rugby Player need?    
• A marathon runner usually have a very thin and
  light frame so that they dont carry extra weight.
   They may weigh less than their expected weight
  but have an optimum weight for their sport.  
• A boxer may have high muscle mass (depending on
  weight category) and be heavier than expected.
   But they will be an optimum weight for their
  sport.  
• A rugby player will have different optimum
  weights for the position they play.  A prop will
  have an advantage from being heavier than a scrum
  half as they have different roles within their
  game.    

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Somatotypes

• Generally you can fit athletes into different
  body types for their sport.  Body types look at 3
  factors also known as somatotypes.

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Somatotypes

• There are 3 somatotypes (body types)
• Endomorph        
• Mesomorph
• Ectomorph
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vp7XYubzofWkfeature
  related

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• Endomorph - an individual with wide hips and
  narrow shoulders, characterised by fatness.
• Mesomorph - an individual with wide shoulders and
  narrow hips, characterised by muscularity.
• Ectomorph - an individual with narrow shoulders
  and narrow hips, characterised by thinness. 
• Try to remember
• ENDOMORPH  Dumpy
• MESOMORPH  Muscular
• ECTOMORPH  Thin 

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• Very few people are a perfect example of just 1
  of these somatotypes.  They are usually a mixture
  of all 3 and can be placed on a scale like below.

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• Different sports suit different somatotypes
• Endomorphs are usually suited to power events -
  such as a rugby prop forward, a shot putter or a
  power lifter
• Mesomorphs tend to be involved with sports that
  require strength and sudden bursts of energy. A
  good example is a sprinter or male gymnast.
• Ectomorphs tend to excel in long distance events
  such as a marathon or triathlon.      

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Weight related conditionsand effects of drugs on
sport

• Anorexic - an eating disorder due to the loss of
  appetite.
• Underweight - weighing less than normal, healthy
  or required.
• Overweight - having weight in excess of normal
  (not harmful unless accompanied by overfatness).
• Overfat - having body fat in excess of normal. 
• Obese - a term used to describe people who are
  very overfat.

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Anorexia

• Anorexia means without appetite and can be very
  serious.  There are extreme conditions where
  people see themselves as overweight and do not
  want to eat in fear of putting on more weight.
   The loss of appetite can lead to extreme weight
  loss and result in a serious lack of nutrition.

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Obesity

• Obesity is researched to be increasing in the UK.
   It has considerable health risks associated with
  it such as cancer and heart conditions.  It is
  also linked to high blood pressure and diabetes.
   It is thought that the increase in obesity in
  adults and children is due to the lack of
  exercise people do as well as the
  increased unhealthy foods consumed in our diets.
  http//www.youtube.com/watch?vdLMoFST_Lmc