ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE

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ONE HEALTH LEADERSHIP EXPERIENCE

• Dr. Mark Raizenne
• Centre for Food-Borne, Environmental and Zoonotic
  Infectious Diseases
• Public Health Agency of Canada

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Breaking Down Barriers, Creating Connections

• Public health has had a long history of
  recognizing that animal health and human health
  are linked veterinary public health
• Some initiatives such as EcoHealth programs have
  explored the importance of human and ecosystem
  health
• Traditional silos exist between
• public health professionals,
• doctors, vets, ecologists,
• social scientists

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Drivers of Public Health Threats Today
Food and water consumption
Catastrophic natural events
Habitat disruption or modification (agricultural
practices)
Ecosystems
Casual exposures
Human population growth
Animals
Humans
Climate change
Economics
Occupational exposures
Movement of people, animals, goods
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What is One Health?
Transcending Borders One Health recognizes the
linkages among human, animal and ecosystem health
domains.
A Whole-of-Society ApproachIt proposes an
international, interdisciplinary, cross-sectoral
approach to surveillance, monitoring, prevention,
control and mitigation of emerging diseases, as
well as to environmental conservation.
Source Contributing to One World, One
Health Strategic Framework, Oct. 14, 2008
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The Environment/Ecosystem Connection

• Environmental health is often forgotten
• Challenge to engage environmental health
  researchers and scientists
• Climate change creates favourable conditions for
  the emergence and establishment of disease
  vectors
• Examples of environmental issues
• Antimicrobial resistance
• Prions
• Shale gas and oil sands
• Arboviruses

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One Health Helps us Focus on the Margins

• Big problems cross disciplinesand solutions are
  not specific to any one of us
• We need to focus on the margins the spaces
  between human, animal and ecosystem health
• Risk of missing causes of the causes what
  expertise dont we need?

http//lasirenagrill.wordpress.com/2012/03/03/the-
green-iceberg/
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One Health Advantages

• Multiple perspectives are better than one
• Looking at human disease without including
• the context in which human illness occurs will
• not inform our decision-making ability
• One Health is a useful paradigm to frame complex
  public health issues
• A way to foster information sharing and
  integrative surveillance
• Improved professional competencies and education
• One Health is an integrated approach to risk
  management and decision making

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How Can One Health Improve What We Do?
With One Health
Current Situation
Focus on outbreak response Focus is generally on
health and scientific aspects of
disease Approach tends to be siloed and
fragmented Focus is primarily national Educatio
n tends to be discipline-specific Communities
engaged and mobilized only after outbreak event
Focus on preventing outbreaks Focus includes
social and cultural determinants of
health Approach is holistic, integrative and
interdisciplinary Focus includes international
cooperation and prevention Education is
cross-sectoral, including other disciplines and
perspectives Early education and information
sharing with communities to prevent zoonotic
outbreaks
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One Health Activities

• PHACs One Health activities
• PHAC is highly engaged in promoting One Health
  collaborating with other departments (CFIA)
• PHAC is applying a One Health approach to AMR
  policy development, CIPARS, C-EnterNet, West Nile
  and Lyme disease surveillance, Science-Policy
  Integration
• One Health Operational Model
• Provinces and Territories
• Manitoba, Ontario, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Quebec

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Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Branch
(IDPC) One Health Operational Model
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International One Health Activities

• United States
• CDC One Health Office
• USDA-APHIS OH Coordn Office
• Multiple Universities
• European Union
• Animal Health Strategy (2007 2013)
• Australia
• World Health Organization (WHO), World
  Organization for Animal Health (OIE), Food and
  Agriculture Organization (FAO), the World Bank

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Upcoming International Events

• 2nd GRF One Health Summit 2013
• One Health - One Planet
• One Future Risks and Opportunities
• Davos, Switzerland November 17 20, 2013
• 3rd International One Health Congress
• Amsterdam, Netherlands March 15-18, 2015
• Would be an excellent meeting to showcase
• the One Health activities at the University
• of Saskatchewan

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One Health Education

• One Health curriculum needs to address the
  effects of climate on ecosystem health, wildlife,
  and the movement of plant, animal, and human
  diseases
• There is an opportunity for veterinary medicine
  to leverage its expertise in One Health and lead
  advances in food-animal husbandry and welfare,
  water safety and security, and the health of
  wildlife and ecosystems
• Need to integrate the key disciplines of human
  medicine, veterinary medicine, conservation
  biology, public health, basic sciences,
  agriculture, economics, social sciences and
  environmental sciences

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Education Recommendations

• One Health is an opportunity to connect and
  educate health professionals at an early stage,
  when they are naturally learning together. As
  undergraduates, these students are excited about
  integrating new ideas, and their academic
  schedule may be more accommodating to a variety
  of classes. Presenting One Health concepts to
  students at this stage of their education could
  have a positive impact on their awareness of and
  attitudes toward public health.
• Farone TS. Incorporating the one-health concept
  into undergraduate education.J Am Vet Med Assoc.
  2011 Dec 1239(11)1406-7.
• Introducing this concept to students early in
  their academic careers is important to ensure
  that they are still open to broad-based,
  interdisciplinary ways of thinking.
• Kahn LH. Educating undergraduates on one health.
  J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2012 Jan 15240(2)144.

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Challenges for One Health Leaders

• Labelled as a non-expert
• Issues with common language when mixing
  disciplines
• Lack of funding public, private and industry,
  competing priorities
• Small number of One Health mentors and senior
  faculty
• No unifying vision for One Health in Canada and
  abroad - poor coordination among Canadian health
  actors, siloes
• Career paths in One Health are often unclear and
  few well-paying job opportunities are advertised
  for graduates
• Limited opportunities to mobilize interest in One
  Health outside of academia in Canada
• Will require changing behaviours and mindsets

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An Uphill Battle

• a shortage of collaborative student programs,
  insufficient environmental training for health
  professionals, and a lack of institutional
  support impede progress
• Meredith A Barrett, Timothy A Bouley, Aaron H
  Stoertz, and Rosemary W Stoertz. 2010.
  Integrating a One Health approach in education to
  address global health and sustainability
  challenges. Frontiers in Ecology and the
  Environment (e-View)

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• If you always do what you've always done, you'll
  always get what you've always got.

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The Benefits of One Health (AVMA 2008)

• Improving animal and human health globally
  through collaboration among all the health
  sciences, especially between the veterinary and
  human medical professions to address critical
  needs
• Meeting new global challenges head-on through
  collaboration among multiple professionsveterinar
  y medicine, human medicine, environmental,
  wildlife and public health
• Developing centers of excellence for education
  and training in specific areas through enhanced
  collaboration among colleges and schools of
  veterinary medicine, human medicine, and public
  health
• Increasing professional opportunities for
  veterinarians
• Adding to our scientific knowledge to create
  innovative programs to improve health

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Advantages for One Health Leaders

• Marketable
• Nimble, adaptable
• Responsive to disease outbreaks, challenges
• Broader perspective, see the commonalities
• Chance to show leadership nationally and globally
• Canada has recognized leaders in One Health
  available for mentoring and support
• Help to bridge the educational and research gap
  between the human, veterinary and environmental
  science fields
• Potential employers government, educational
  institutions, NGOs

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The Next Generation of One Health Practitioners
Governance
Psychological
Public and Population Health
Sociological
Physical Environments
Veterinary Medical
Historical
Public Population Health
Anthropological
Humans
Animals
Animal Science
Economic
Evolutionary and Comparative
Political
Social Environments
Environmental and Ecological
Public Policy
Medical
Communication Studies
Biomedical
Source Rock et al., 2009
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Gentlemen, we can rebuild him, we have the
technology