The Cold War

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The Cold War
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End of Isolationism

• Formation of the United Nations international
  body to resolve disputes
• UN General Assembly could vote on any
  international issues
• UN Security Council permanent members U.S.,
  Britain, France, Soviet Union, China
• Security Council could authorize use of force

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End of WWII

• Allies victorious in Europe, occupy Germany
• Yalta (Soviet Union) and Potsdam (Germany)
  Conferences, 1945
• America, Britain, France, Soviet Union occupy
  Germany (Berlin)
• Germany disarmed

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End of WWII

• America occupies Japan and part of Germany
• War criminals put on trial
• Nuremberg Trials
• Poland and Eastern Europe occupied by Soviet
  troops

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Cold War (1945-1989)

• Opposing ideologies communism and capitalism
• What is Communism?
• Why was it cold?
• America feared revolution Soviet Union feared
  counterrevolution or invasion

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Cold War

1. Arms race buildup of atomic weapons
2. Local and regional wars support of local
   belligerent forces (Korea, Vietnam)
3. Espionage and surveillance

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Cold War

• Propaganda messages made opponent look bad
• Space Race Attempt to impress the world by
  achieving firsts in space flight, orbit, the
  moon.

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Space Race

• Sputnik 1, first artificial satellite, orbits in
  1957
• Beginning of informal competition
• Yuri Gagarin first man in orbit, 1961
• Kennedy and Johnson space programs
• 1969 Apollo 11 lands on moon

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Soviet Satellites

• Soviets rig elections in Eastern Europe
• Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary,
  Czechoslovakia, East Germany all become
  Communist, take orders from Moscow

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The Iron Curtain

• Eastern Europeans could not
• travel
• listen to Western broadcasts
• read Western publications

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North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) - 1949

• Britain, France, Germany, U.S., Belgium,
  Netherlands, Canada, others
• Purpose mutual defense
• U.S. troops, atomic weapons deter a Soviet attack
  on Western Europe

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Warsaw Pact

• Eastern European countries form their own
  defensive alliance

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